Ph y s i c s F o rm u l a s f o r C la s s 10 w w w .c o n c e p t s - o f -p h y s i c s . c om | pg.

Physics formulas for class 10 are based on CBSE (NCERT). 1. Incident ray, refracted ray, and normal at the
point of incidence lie in the same plane
1: Reflection of Light
2. The angle of incidence is related to the angle of
Laws of Reflection: refraction by Snell’s Law:
1. Incident ray, reflected ray, and normal at the sin i µ2
point of incidence lie in the same plane =
sin r µ1
normal
incident i r reflected Lens formula: The object distance u, image distance v
and focal length f of a lens are related by the lens
formula
2. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of 1 1 1 v
− = , m=
reflection i.e., ∠i = ∠r v u f u

Reflection from a Plane Mirror: f

1. The image is virtual. The image and the object
are equidistant from the mirror.

u v
d d
Power of the lens: P = f1 , P in diopter if f in metre.
2. The object size is equal to the image size i.e.,
magnification is 1.
3: Electricity
Reflection from a Spherical Mirror:
Current in a wire is equal to the charge flowing per unit
time in it i.e., i = Q/t

•
I
•
F
• •
P Potential difference between two points is the work re-
O quired to move a unit charge from one point to the
other i.e., V = W/Q.
f
v Resistance of a wire of length l and cross-sectional area
u A is given by R = ρl/A, where ρ is the resistivity of
the wire material.
1. New cartesian sign convention (i) the distances
Ohm’s Law: V = iR
are measured from the pole P (ii) the distances in
the direction of incident ray are positive. Resistors in Parallel: The equivalent resistance Req of
2. Focal length is equal to half of radius of curvature two resistors connected in parallel is given by
i.e., f = R/2
1 1 1
3. The object distance u, image distance v and focal = +
Req R1 R2
length f are related by the mirror formula:
1 1 1 A
+ =
v u f
R1 R2
4. The magnification is the ratio of image height to
the object height. It is given by m = −v/u. B

2: Refraction of Light Resistors in Series: The equivalent resistance Req of two

resistors connected in series is given by
speed of light in vacuum c
Refractive Index: µ = speed of light in medium = v
Req = R1 + R2
Laws of Refraction
R1 R2
incident reflected A B
i
µ1
Electric Power: P = V 2 /R = I 2 R = IV
µ2
r Heating Effect: The heat generated in time t is given by
refracted
H = P t = I 2 Rt

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