Hwa Chong Institution
Integrated Programme/SBGE/Mathematics
Trigonometry
Secondary Two Mathematics
Name: ________________________ Class/Index: 2I__ ( ) Date: _____________________
Trigonometry 4A Worksheet 1
Trigonometric Identities
Lesson objectives: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to understand and prove the
important identities in trigonometry, and apply it in trigonometric questions.
WHAT ARE IDENTITIES
Identities can be used even if the coefficients are ________________ .
Give examples of the identities you have learnt in Algebra.
( x + y )2 =x2 +2 xy + y 2 ( x− y )2=x 2−2 xy+ y 2
( x + y ) (x− y )=x 2− y 2
Similarly, we can apply it to trigonometry as well!
©Glenn Ang, Leonard Goh, Roystan Ang, Raphael Chang
Prepared by Group 4A, Class 2i1, Hwa Chong Institution 2 May 2011
RECALL…
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS: SINE, COSINE AND TANGENT
Sine Cosine Tangent
RECIPROCAL IDENTITIES
In trigonometry, there are six must-know functions. They are sine, cosine and
tangent, and their reciprocal identities: cosecant, secant and cotangent.
RECIPROCAL IDENTITIES
Cosecant Secant Cotangent
©Glenn Ang, Leonard Goh, Roystan Ang, Raphael Chang
Prepared by Group 4A, Class 2i1, Hwa Chong Institution 2 May 2011
PYTHAGORAS' IDENTITY
Deriving using the Pythagoras’ Theorem
We all know the Pythagoras’ Theorem.
a 2+b 2=c 2
Divide the equation by c2
c
Given that a is the opposite, b is the adjacent
a
and c is the hypotenuse:
b-
In other words
There are also two identities that can be derived from this identity. Are you able
to derive them?
©Glenn Ang, Leonard Goh, Roystan Ang, Raphael Chang
Prepared by Group 4A, Class 2i1, Hwa Chong Institution 2 May 2011
TANGENT AND COTANGENT IDENTITY
sin θ cos θ
As we have learned : tan θ= cotan θ=
cos θ sin θ
So how do we derive at this?
Tangent Identity
Steps to follow Answers Derived
opposite ajacent
sin θ= , cos θ=
hypothenuse hypothenuse sin θ
=÷
cos θ
Divide sin θ by cos θ.
Replace the divide sign with a multiply sin θ
=×
sign. cos θ
Cross Multiply
Final Answer sin θ
= =tan θ
cos θ
sin θ
Therefore, tanθ=
cos θ
©Glenn Ang, Leonard Goh, Roystan Ang, Raphael Chang
Prepared by Group 4A, Class 2i1, Hwa Chong Institution 2 May 2011
Cotangent Identity
1
Since cotan θ= ,
tan θ
While applying the Tangent Identity,
1 1
= =
tan θ ¿
cos θ
Therefore, cotan θ=
sin θ
It wasn’t that hard was it !
©Glenn Ang, Leonard Goh, Roystan Ang, Raphael Chang
Prepared by Group 4A, Class 2i1, Hwa Chong Institution 2 May 2011
SUM AND DIFFERENCE IDENTITY
This identity is rather complicated and useful. Take your time to understand >.<!
So what is this identity about?
sin ( + β) = sin cos β + cos sin β
cos ( + β) = cos cos β − sin sin β
How do we get at that?
©Glenn Ang, Leonard Goh, Roystan Ang, Raphael Chang
Prepared by Group 4A, Class 2i1, Hwa Chong Institution 2 May 2011
