Govt.
College of Engineering, Karad
Experiment No:
Title:
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Date of Experiment:
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1 Page No.
Metrology and Quality Control Lab (T.E. Mechanical)
Govt. College of Engineering, Karad
EXPERIMENT NO:
Title:
Aim: Able to use all types of comparators and understand working of different types of
comparator.
Equipment:
Theory:
Comparator – Comparator is a device which,
1. Pick up small variation in dimensions
2. Magnifies it.
3. Display it by using indicating device so that comparison can be made with some standard
value. Comparator can give precision measurement with consistent accuracy by eliminating
human error. They are employed to find out by how much the dimensions of the given
component differ than that of the known datum. If indicated difference is small, a suitable
magnification device is selected to obtain the desired accuracy of the measurement. It is an
indirect type of instrument. If measured dimension is less or greater than the standard
dimension, then the difference will be shown on dial
Characteristics of good dial indicator:
Uses of comparator:
2 Page No.
Metrology and Quality Control Lab (T.E. Mechanical)
Govt. College of Engineering, Karad
Mechanical comparator:
Principle – It works on the principle of converting linear moment into angular using rack and
pinion. It uses the gear train for magnification & scale pointer as indicating device.
Diagram and Construction of dial indicator:
Working:-
When plunger ‘P’ moves up with rack ‘R’, Gear A rotates as shown in figure. Linear
movement is converted into angular movement. As A & B rotates D also rotates, which is
meshed with C gear rotates. To the center of E pointer Po is attached. The pointer Po shows
reading on the scale. Gear H is used for support whereas spring coil H is used for avoiding
backlash. Guide way G is used for support plunger. The spring is used to maintain pointer at
O position when plunger movement is zero. It is self-control& no power or any other form of
energy required to it. It employs mechanical stylus for magnifying the small of movement of
measurement. The movement mechanism of the instrument is housed in metal case for its
protection from any damages.
Relation between magnification and Range and sensitivity
Procedure:
1. Fix the dial gauge indicator to the stand.
2. Measure the height of given object.
3. Take the slip gauge of same height.
4. Set the slip gauges below the plunger & set to the dial gauge pointer to zero level.
5. Remove the slip gauges. Now adjust the given component below the plunger of dial gauge
indicator & give some movement to the component.
7. If components having some irregularities the pointer will give some deflection
3 Page No.
Metrology and Quality Control Lab (T.E. Mechanical)
Govt. College of Engineering, Karad
B) Checking of roundness of given objects:-
Procedure:-
1. Fix the dial gauge indicator to the stand.
2. For the measurement of roundness of given object take a V block.
3. Put the object on V block & set it below plunger of dial gauge indicator.
4. Rotate it in clockwise or anticlockwise direction.
5. More deflection of pointer will indicate the ovality of roundness.
Advantages and Disadvantages of mechanical comparator
4 Page No.
Metrology and Quality Control Lab (T.E. Mechanical)
Govt. College of Engineering, Karad
Pneumatic comparator:
Principle –Pneumatic comparator works on the principle of back pressure.
Working of pneumatic comparator
Advantages and Disadvantages of pneumatic comparator
5 Page No.
Metrology and Quality Control Lab (T.E. Mechanical)
Govt. College of Engineering, Karad
Optical comparator:
Principle:
Optical Comparator
Advantages and disadvantages of pneumatic comparator
6 Page No.
Metrology and Quality Control Lab (T.E. Mechanical)
Govt. College of Engineering, Karad
Electrical comparator:
Principle – It works on manual inductance principle. When the core is inserted in magnetic
field of primary windings the voltage induced in secondary winding is proportional to the
core position.
Advantages and disadvantages of electrical comparator
7 Page No.
Metrology and Quality Control Lab (T.E. Mechanical)
Govt. College of Engineering, Karad
Combined comparator:
Principle – As the name given it is designed by any combination of above comparator &
works accordingly.
Comparison of mechanical, optical, electrical and pneumatic Comparator
Mechanical Optical Electrical Pneumatic
Conclusion:
8 Page No.
Metrology and Quality Control Lab (T.E. Mechanical)
