Source Sampling Manual

Volume I
January, 1976

Revisions:
April, 1979
August, 1981
January, 1992
April, 2015

Operations Division
811 SW 6th Avenue
Portland, OR 97204
Phone: 503-229-5696
800-452-4011
Fax: 503-229-5850
Contact: Jill Inahara
www.oregon.gov/DEQ

DEQ is a leader in
restoring, maintaining and
enhancing the quality of
Oregon’s air, land and
water.

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality

 This report prepared by:

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality

811 SW 6th Avenue
Portland, OR 97204
1-800-452-4011
www.oregon.gov/deq

Contact:
Mark Bailey, 541-633-2006
Jill Inahara, 503-229-5001

Alternative formats (Braille, large type) of this document can be made available.
Contact DEQ’s Office of Communications & Outreach, Portland, at
503-229-5696, or toll-free in Oregon at 1-800-452-4011, ext. 5696.

State of Oregon Department of Environmental Quality ii

Source Sampling Manual

State of Oregon Department of Environmental Quality iii

Source Sampling Manual

Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..........................................................................................................................v
1.0 INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................1
1.1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE ...........................................................................................................................1
1.2. APPLICABILITY ......................................................................................................................................1
2.0 SOURCE SAMPLING GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................1
2.1. TESTING DEADLINES FOR CONDUCTING SOURCE SAMPLING .................................................. 1
2.2. DEPARTMENT NOTIFICATION ............................................................................................................2
2.3. SOURCE TEST PLAN ..............................................................................................................................2
2.4. MODIFICATIONS/ALTERNATIVES TO METHODS OR PROCEDURES ..........................................2
2.5. SAMPLE REPLICATES............................................................................................................................3
2.6. SAMPLE POSTPONEMENTS & STOPPAGES ......................................................................................4
2.7. TEST DURATION & SAMPLE VOLUMES ............................................................................................4
2.8. IN-STACK DETECTION LIMIT ..............................................................................................................5
2.9. REPRESENTATIVE TESTING CONDITIONS .......................................................................................6
2.10. SIGNIFICANT FIGURES & ROUNDING PROCEDURES ....................................................................6
2.11. REPORTING & RECORDKEEPING .......................................................................................................7
3.0 SAMPLING METHODS .................................................................................................................8
3.1. ESTABLISHED SAMPLING METHODS................................................................................................8
3.2. DEQ SOURCE SAMPLING METHODS .................................................................................................9
3.3. QUALITY ASSURANCE REQUIREMENTS ..........................................................................................9
APPENDIX A - SOURCE TEST PLAN & REPORTING REQUIREMENTS ......................................... A
APPENDIX B - LISTING OF SOURCE SAMPLING METHODS .......................................................... B
APPENDIX C - OREGON DEQ SOURCE SAMPLING METHODS ...................................................... C
SUB-APPENDIX C-4 - OREGON DEQ SOURCE SAMPLING METHOD 4 ..................................... C.4
SUB-APPENDIX C-5 - OREGON DEQ SOURCE SAMPLING METHOD 5 ..................................... C.5
SUB-APPENDIX C-7 - OREGON DEQ SOURCE SAMPLING METHOD 7 ..................................... C.7
SUB-APPENDIX C-8 - OREGON DEQ SOURCE SAMPLING METHOD 8 ..................................... C.8
APPENDIX D - GENERAL CALIBRATION REQUIREMENTS ........................................................... D

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Source Sampling Manual

Executive Summary
DEQ’s Source Sampling Manual provides the procedures and test methods for conducting source
sampling (i.e., stack testing) at facilities regulated by DEQ. The manual includes procedures for
notifying DEQ of testing projects; preparing and obtaining approval of source test plans prior to
conducting the testing; and preparing source test reports after the testing is completed. The
manual identifies established sampling methods that are approved for source sampling projects,
as well as procedures for obtaining approval for modifications or alternatives to the methods.
Most of the sampling methods are federal methods that have been incorporated by reference.
However, there are several test methods that are unique to DEQ. The Source Sampling Manual
was first written in 1976 with revisions in 1979, 1981, 1992 and 2015. The Source Sampling
Manual is included in Oregon’s State Implementation Plan.

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Source Sampling Manual

1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE
This manual has been prepared by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) for
the purpose of delineating practices for the measurement and sampling of exhaust gas streams
originating from point sources in accordance with Oregon Administrative Rules. Within this
document, the references to permit signify either an Air Contaminant Discharge Permit (ACDP)
or an Oregon Title V Operating Permit, both issued by the State of Oregon.

This manual applies to DEQ personnel, testing contractors, and permittees. Collectively, with
permit requirements and promulgated sampling guidance documents, it outlines source sampling
techniques approved by DEQ for use in conducting stationary source emissions testing. Unless
otherwise specified in an Oregon Administrative Rule, permit, or DEQ letter, these general
requirements must be followed when conducting source testing in Oregon. If there is a conflict
with a permit or rule and this manual, the permit or rule will take precedence.

This 2015 revision of the Source Sampling Manual, Volume I, supersedes all previous versions
of this manual.

1.2. APPLICABILITY
The procedures specified in this manual are standard requirements for measuring point source
emissions under normal circumstances. Methods or techniques not cited in this manual may be
approved on a case-by-case basis.

The measurement of point source emissions (i.e. stack testing) is conducted to determine the
quantity, concentration, or destruction/removal of a specific pollutant or pollutants being emitted
into the atmosphere by a regulated or non-regulated source.

This manual references test methods published by DEQ, EPA, and other agencies or
organizations.

2.0 SOURCE SAMPLING

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1. TESTING DEADLINES FOR CONDUCTING
SOURCE SAMPLING
2.1.a. Identifying Regulation(s)
The deadlines for conducting source sampling projects may be established by any or all
of the following:

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Source Sampling Manual

 Air Contaminant Discharge Permit;

 Oregon Title V Operating Permit;
 Chapter 340 of Oregon Administrative Rules;
 Title 40 of Code of Federal Regulations; or
 Enforcement document (e.g., Mutual Agreement Order).

2.1.b. Time Extensions

For sampling projects conducted to meet federal & state requirements, regulatory
provisions to extend testing deadlines are limited and take into account the
circumstances contributing to the delay. Failure to test a source by the required deadline
may violate federal or state rule and may result in enforcement actions.

2.2. DEPARTMENT NOTIFICATION

DEQ must be notified of all source sampling projects that are required by DEQ, including
federal requirements that have been delegated to DEQ by the Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA). Unless specified by rule or by permit condition, DEQ must receive notification
at least 30 days in advance of the source test date. Notification may be submitted electronically
or by hardcopy, and accompanied by a source test plan.

In addition, DEQ recommends that the person responsible for sampling projects that are not
required by DEQ, but may be relied upon in permitting a source or demonstrating compliance
with non-delegated federal requirements, notify DEQ of the sampling project schedule.

2.3. SOURCE TEST PLAN

A source test plan must be approved by DEQ in advance of all source sampling projects that are
required by DEQ, including federal requirements delegated to DEQ by EPA. If not otherwise
specified by rule or permit condition, DEQ must be provided at least 30 days to review and
approve source test plans. For routine testing programs, the permit or rule often specifies 15
days notice. Conversely, particularly complex source testing programs may require up to 45
days for protocol approval. The source test plan may be prepared by the source owner, operator,
or consultant representing the owner or operator. The source test plan will be reviewed by the
DEQ or by a consultant representing DEQ.

A source test plan must include, as a minimum, the information stipulated by Table A-1 in
Appendix A. The source test plan should not include a copy of the published sampling method
unless specifically requested by the regulating authority. In addition, sample system diagrams
should not be included within the source test plan unless the proposed schematic deviates from
published methodology.

2.4. MODIFICATIONS/ALTERNATIVES TO METHODS

OR PROCEDURES
2.4.a. Testing Projects Required by DEQ
All modifications and/or alternatives to testing methods or procedures that are
performed to satisfy DEQ testing requirements must receive approval from DEQ prior

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Source Sampling Manual

to their use in the field. When possible, these requests are to be addressed within the
Source Test Plan.

If the need for testing modifications or alterations to the approved Source Test Plan is
discovered during field activities, approval must first be obtained from the observing
Department representative. If a DEQ representative is not on site during field activities,
approval from any DEQ Source Test Coordinator or other DEQ representative may be
obtained. Significant changes not acknowledged by the DEQ could be basis for
invalidating an entire test run and potentially the entire testing program. Documentation
of any deviations must be incorporated in the source test report and include an
evaluation of the impact of the deviation on the test data.

2.4.b. Testing Projects Required by Federal Regulations

For all testing projects performed to satisfy federal testing requirements (e.g. NSPS,
NESHAP), approval for modifications and alterations of federal testing requirements
must follow the procedures outlined in the Emission Measurement Center Guideline
Document GD-022R3. As per this guideline, minor changes to test methods and
procedures may be approved by DEQ personnel. All other changes must be approved
by EPA.

Minor change to a test method is a modification to a federally enforceable test method

that (a) does not decrease the stringency of the emission limitation or standard; (b) has
no national significance (e.g., does not affect implementation of the applicable
regulation for other affected sources, does not set a national precedent, and individually
does not result in a revision to the test method); and (c) is site-specific, made to reflect
or accommodate the operational characteristics, physical constraints, or safety concerns
of an affected source. Examples of minor changes to a test procedure are:
 Modified sampling traverse or location to avoid interference from an obstruction
in the stack,
 Increasing the sampling time or volume,
 Use of additional impingers for a high moisture situation,
 Accepting particulate emission results for a test run that was conducted with a
lower than specified temperature,
 Substitution of a material in the sampling train that has been demonstrated to be
more inert for the sample matrix, and
 Changes in recovery and analytical techniques such as a change in QA/QC
requirements needed to adjust for analysis of a certain sample matrix.

( Per memo from John S. Seitz, Director OAQPS, Delegation of 40 CFR Part 63
General Provisions Authorities to State and Local Air Pollution Control Agencies,
Attachment 1, July 10, 1998)

2.5. SAMPLE REPLICATES

Unless otherwise specified by permit, State rule, federal regulation, or Department letter, each
source test must consist of at least three (3) test runs and the emission results reported as the
arithmetic average of all valid test runs. If for reasons beyond the control of the permittee (e.g.,
forced shutdown, extreme meteorological conditions, failure of an irreplaceable portion of the
sample train) a test run is invalidated and cannot be replaced by a valid test run, DEQ may
consider accepting two (2) test runs for demonstrating compliance with the emission limit or

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Source Sampling Manual

standard. However, all test runs, including those deemed invalid, are to be included in the test
report.

2.6. SAMPLE POSTPONEMENTS & STOPPAGES

It is acceptable to postpone a scheduled test or suspend a test in progress if the discontinuation
is due to equipment failure beyond the facility’s control, construction delays beyond the
facility’s control, severe meteorological conditions, and situations that would jeopardize the
safety of the testing contractors and/or operators. If the test is underway, the permittee should
make every effort to complete the test run. All recoverable test information (process & sample
data) must be available for DEQ review.

It is unacceptable to postpone or suspend a test run in progress if it is discontinued because the

source is not able to comply with an emission limit or verify an emission factor. The permittee
must provide DEQ written documentation explaining the reasons for the postponement or
stoppage, and any data collected prior to the stoppage . DEQ will review the documentation and
all available stack test data to determine if a violation occurred.

2.7. TEST DURATION & SAMPLE VOLUMES

2.7.a. General Duration & Volume Requirements
Unless otherwise specified by permit, state rule, federal regulation, or Department
letter, each source test must be a minimum of one (1) hour long. For criteria pollutants
(PM, PM10, PM2.5, SOx, NOx, CO, & VOCs) measured utilizing wet-chemistry methods,
the sample volume must be sufficient to ensure a minimum In-Stack Detection Limit
(ISDL) of one-half (1/2) the emission standard. Refer to Section 2.8 of this manual for
the definition and calculation of ISDL.

Unless otherwise specified in a rule or permit condition, all hazardous air pollutants
(HAPs) sampling programs must ensure adequate sample volumes so that the mass
recovered is at least five (5) times the limit of detection for the analytical method
chosen. Alternatively, the ISDL must be less than or equal to one-fifth (1/5) the
emission standard.

For purposes of this section, “emission standard” refers to emission limits (other than
Plant Site Emission Limits), emission factor(s), and/or destruction and removal
efficiencies.

2.7.b. DEQ Methods Specific Duration & Volume Requirements

For DEQ Methods 5 & 7, the minimum sample volume must be the greater of 31.8 dry
standard cubic feet (dscf) or sufficient to ensure a minimum In-Stack Detection Limit
(ISDL) of one-half (1/2) the emission standard. In addition, the minimum sample
duration must be 60 minutes.

For DEQ Method 8 (high volume sampler), the minimum sample volume must be the
greater of 150 dry standard cubic feet (dscf) or sufficient to ensure a minimum In-Stack

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Source Sampling Manual

Detection Limit of one-half (1/2) the emission standard. In addition, the minimum
sample duration must be 15 minutes.

2.8. IN-STACK DETECTION LIMIT

2.8.a. General In-Stack Detection Limit (ISDL)
In general practice, the In-Stack Detection Limit (ISDL) is defined as follows:

AxB
ISDL 
C

Where:

ISDL = In-Stack detection limit

A = Analytical detection limit for analyte (e.g., pollutant) in a
sample matrix (e.g., solution, filter, resin)
B = Quantity of sample matrix (e.g. milliliters of solution)
C = Volume of stack gas sampled

Example:

For an HCl sample with the following characteristics:

A = 1 ug (HCl) per ml of solution;

B = 300 mls of sample solution; and
C = 1 dscm of exhaust gas (C) drawn through the sample solution.

The ISDL in ug/dscm would be calculated as follows:

ISDL = (A x B)/C
ISDL = (1 ug/ml x 300 ml)/1 dscm
ISDL = 300 ug/dscm

2.8.b. ISDL for Particulate Measurement Methods

When calculating the ISDL for particulate sampling methods, the analytical detection
limits (A) are:

 7 mg for ODEQ Methods 5 & 7 (total particulate),

 3 mg for EPA Methods 5, 5A, 5B, 5D, 5E, 5F, & 17 (filterable particulate),
 4 mg for EPA Method 202 (condensable particulate), and
 100 mg for ODEQ Method 8 (high volume sampler-filterable particulate).

Additionally, when calculating the ISDL for the above particulate sampling methods,
the quantity of sample matrix (B) equals “1 sample train”.

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Source Sampling Manual

2.8.c. ISDL for Instrumental Monitoring Reference Methods

The ISDL for continuous emission monitoring (CEM) reference methods (i.e., 3A, 6C,
6C/16A, 7E, 10, 20, & 25A), is equal to the sensitivity of the instrumentation, which is
two percent (2%) of the span value (as per the CEMS Methods).

2.8.d. ISDL Expressed on a Mass Rate or Process Rate Basis

If the emission standard is expressed on a mass rate basis, a representative flow and/or
process rate is to be applied in conjunction with the ISDL (on a concentration basis) to
obtain a value expressed in comparable units.

2.9. REPRESENTATIVE TESTING CONDITIONS

For demonstrating compliance with an emission standard, the stack test must successfully
demonstrate that a facility is capable of complying with the applicable standard under all
normal operating conditions. Therefore, an owner or operator should conduct the source test
while operating under typical worst-case conditions that generate the highest emissions. During
the compliance demonstration, new or modified equipment should operate at levels that equal or
exceed ninety-percent (90%) of the design capacity. For existing equipment, emission units
should operate at levels that equal or exceed ninety-percent (90%) of normal maximum
operating rates. Furthermore, the process material(s) and fuel(s) that generate the highest
emissions for the pollutant(s) being tested should be used during the testing. Operating
requirements for performance tests are often specified by State or federal rule, or by permit
condition.

When verifying or determining an emission factor, the stack test must generate an emission
factor that represents normal emissions for the operating condition tested. Multiple testing
projects may be required for sources that experience large variations in process rates, have
frequent start-ups and shut-downs, use multiple fuel combinations, utilize numerous process
materials, or manufacture diverse products.

Whether sampling to demonstrate compliance or to formulate an emission factor, it is

imperative to describe in detail the proposed process conditions within the Source Test Plan.
Refer to section 2.3 of this manual for Source Test Plan requirements.

2.10. SIGNIFICANT FIGURES & ROUNDING

PROCEDURES
2.10.a. Significant Figures
All federal emission standards have at least two (2) significant figures but no more
than three (3) (Memorandum from William G. Lawton and John S. Seitz to New
Source Performance Standards/National Emission Standards for Hazardous Pollutants
Compliance Contacts, subject “Performance Test Calculation Guidelines”, June 6,
1990). For example, 0.04 gr/dscf is considered to be 0.040 gr/dscf and 90 mg/dscm is
considered to be 90. mg/dscm.

Generally, DEQ emission standards have at least two (2) significant figures.
However, the number of significant figures for DEQ standards are defined by the

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Source Sampling Manual

standards themselves. For example, 40 lbs/hr is considered to be 40. lbs/hr and 0.1
gr/dscf does not include additional significant figures.

It is imperative to maintain an appropriate number of significant figures within the

intermediate calculations to minimize the discrepancy of results due to rounding
inconsistencies. In general, at least five (5) significant figures should be retained
throughout the intermediate calculations.

2.10.b. Rounding Procedures

The procedure for rounding of a figure or a result may mean the difference between
demonstrating compliance or demonstrating a violation. Based on the routine
specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM, Standard for
Metric Practice E 380) the following procedure must be used:

If the first digit to be discarded is less than five (5), the last digit retained should
not be changed. When the first digit discarded is greater than five (5), or if it is a
five (5) followed by at least one digit other than zero (0), the last figure retained
should be increased by one unit. When the first digit discarded is exactly five,
followed only by zeros (0s), the last digit retained should be rounded upward if it
is an odd number, but no adjustment made if it is an even number.

For example, if the emission standard is 0.040 gr/dscf, then 0.040341 would be
rounded to 0.040, 0.040615 would be rounded to 0.041, 0.040500 would be rounded
to 0.040, and 0.041500 would be rounded to 0.042 (note that five significant figures
were retained prior to rounding).

2.11. REPORTING & RECORDKEEPING

2.11.a. Report Content & Format
At a minimum, the content of the source sampling report must be consistent with the
requirements outlined in Table A-2 in Appendix A. DEQ recognizes that the
presentation and format of the reports will vary between sampling projects and testing
contractors. However, the report must comprehensively include all essential
information and maintain sufficient detail to satisfactorily communicate the test
objectives and results.

To conserve storage space and natural resources, all test reports should be published
utilizing both-sides of each page. In addition, each page of the report body and of the
appendices is to be numbered for ease of reference. Refer to Section 2.11.b. for
information on the Source Test Audit Report.

2.11.b. Source Test Audit Report (STAR)

A Source Testing Audit Report (STAR) is required for all testing required by DEQ.
Like test reports, the submittal of the STAR is the responsibility of the owner or
operator. DEQ may not accept test reports that do not include the STAR or if the
submitted STAR is incomplete or inaccurate. Refer to the document, “Guidelines for
Completing Source Testing Audit Report” for more details regarding the STAR.

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Source Sampling Manual

Contact a DEQ Source Test Coordinator to receive instructions on how to obtain the
most current STAR revision.

2.11.c. Reporting Results that are below the In-Stack Detection Limits
Emission tests occasionally yield results that are below the in-stack detection limit
(ISDL) for a given pollutant. These data frequently provide important information,
depending on the purpose of the test and if the tester extracted an adequate sample
volume (see Section 2.7). Therefore, unless otherwise stated by method, rule, or
permit, the following reporting procedures are to be followed when results from
replicate tests are below the in-stack detection limit.
 Each test replicate that is below the ISDL should be reported as less than (<) the
detection limit value (e.g., <0.14). If the test replicate is included in a multi-run
test series, the ISDL value is used when calculating the numerical average.
 Label the average result as less than (<) if the numerical average of a test series
includes at least one test replicate below the ISDL.

2.11.d. Report Submittal

Unless otherwise specified by rule or permit, one (1) source test report must be
submitted to the regional Source Test Coordinator within 30 days following the field
work. Requests for extensions will be evaluated by DEQ on a case- by-case basis.

2.11.e. Recordkeeping
All documentation of sampling equipment calibrations and analytical results should
be maintained for a minimum of five years.

In general, the unanalyzed portions (aliquots) of the source test samples must be
preserved up to the maximum holding times as specified by method. Sample filters
gravimetrically analyzed for particulate matter are to be archived for a minimum of 6
months. However, sample archiving specifications pertaining to laboratory glassware
is left to the discretion of the analyzing laboratory and the testing contractor.

3.0 SAMPLING METHODS

3.1. ESTABLISHED SAMPLING METHODS
Established sampling methods for various pollutants are listed within Appendix B of this
manual. These methods have historically been accepted by DEQ and originate from various
governmental agencies and organizations. This list is not all-inclusive and may not reflect
current method updates. The use of a listed method is not automatically approved by DEQ.
Instead, written DEQ approval is required prior to all testing projects that are executed to satisfy
state or federal testing requirements. Refer to Section 2 of this manual for notification and
source test plan requirements.

Generally, DEQ sampling methods (ODEQ Methods) or EPA methods (promulgated,

alternative, & conditional) are preferable for conducting a testing program. In some cases,
utilizing methods published by other public agencies and organizations are often valid and more

State of Oregon Department of Environmental Quality 8

Source Sampling Manual

desirable, but must be evaluated cautiously to ensure that the test requirements established by
rule or permit are satisfied.

3.2. DEQ SOURCE SAMPLING METHODS

DEQ test methods are presented in Appendix C of this manual. These methods do not
encompass all the provisions and procedures critical to their successful use. Persons performing
these methods must have a comprehensive understanding of the physical sciences, have ample
experience utilizing the testing equipment, and have a thorough knowledge of the sources to
which they are applied.

DEQ test methods should only be applied to sampling situations that are consistent with their
applicability. A careful and thorough evaluation of the applicability of each method to a specific
testing condition is strongly recommended. Modifications or alterations to DEQ test methods
must receive approval from DEQ prior to their utilization within the testing program. Refer to
Section 2.4 of this manual for requirements pertaining to modifications to methods or
procedures.

There are multiple references to EPA test methods within the Oregon Source Sampling Manual
and test methods. The EPA methods are incorporated into this manual by reference as of the
date they were published in the CFR, as shown below. Sampling provisions and procedures
published within the most up-to-date revisions to the CFR may be incorporated into the testing
program if approved by the administrator.

EPA Methods incorporated by reference:

Methods 1 through 30B: 40 CFR, Part 60, Appendix A, July 2012

Methods 201 through 207: 40 CFR Part 52, Appendix M, July 2012
Methods 301 through 323: 40 CFR Part 63, Appendix A, July 2012
EPA Publication SW-846, Third Edition

3.3. Quality Assurance Requirements

Quality assurance , including minimum calibration requirements are typically specified within
each test method. DEQ test methods often refer to EPA test methods for quality assurance
procedures The calibration requirements for Oregon DEQ Methods 4, 5, 7, & 8 are summarized
within Appendix D. Where inconsistencies exist, quality assurance requirements specified by
method or by regulation supersede those presented within Appendix D.

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Source Sampling Manual

APPENDIX A

SOURCE TEST PLAN

&
TEST REPORT
REQUIREMENTS

A
Source Sampling Manual

MINIMUM SOURCE TEST PLAN REQUIREMENTS

DEQ does not require that source test plans adhere to a specific format, but the information listed in
Table A-1 must be included (as applicable). In addition, the following statements must be included in the
test plan:

 Sampling replicate(s) will not be accepted if separated by a time duration of twenty-four (24)
hours or more, unless prior authorization is granted by DEQ.

 All compliance source tests must be performed while the emission unit(s) are operating at normal
maximum operating rates. Unless defined by permit condition or applicable rule, normal
maximum operating rate is defined as the 90th percentile of the average hourly operating rates
during a 12 month period immediately preceding the source test. Rates not in agreement with
those stipulated in the Air Contaminant Discharge Permit can result in rejection of the test data.
Imposed process limitations could also result from operating at atypical rates during the
compliance demonstration.

 The DEQ must be notified of any changes in the source test plan and/or the specified methods
prior to testing. Significant changes not acknowledged by the DEQ could be the basis for
invalidating a test run and potentially the entire testing program. Documentation of any
deviations must include an evaluation of the impact of the deviation on the test data.

 Method-specific quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) procedures must be performed to

ensure that the data is valid for determining source compliance. Documentation of the procedures
and results shall be presented in the source test report for review. Omission of this critical
information will result in rejection of the data, requiring a retest.

 Only regular operating staff may adjust the combustion system or production process and
emission control parameters during the source performance tests and within two (2) hours prior
to the tests. Any operating adjustments made during the source performance tests, which are a
result of consultation during the tests with source testing personnel, equipment vendors or
consultants, may render the source performance test invalid.

 Source test reports must be submitted to DEQ within thirty (30) days of the test dates, unless
another deadline has been stipulated, either by permit condition, or by DEQ written approval.

A-1
Source Sampling Manual

Table A-1

SOURCE TEST PLAN REQUIREMENTS

Item
Description Explanatory Notes
#
1 Facility Identification - Facility Name;
- Facility Address;
- Permit Number (and source number if under General
Permit);
- Emission Unit(s) included within proposed testing project
2 Facility Personnel Name, address, phone number(s) and e-mail for:
- Project Manager
- On-site Contact (if different than Project Manager)
3 Testing Contractor Personnel Name, physical address, phone number(s) and e-mail for:
- Project Manager
- Site Personnel (Team Leader, Technicians)
- Laboratory Support
4 Project Purpose - Specify purpose of project (compliance, emission factor
verification, applicability study, etc.)
- Specify permit condition or rule initiating project
- Specify applicable compliance limits and emission factors
5 Schedule - Specify testing dates for each unit tested
- Specify starting times (approximate) for each test day
6 Source Description Description of the emission unit(s), including the following:
- Narrative of the emission source (system type,
manufacturer, date installed, capacity, configuration, fuel
type, etc.)
- Narrative of the pollution control device (system type,
manufacturer, date installed, configuration, etc.)
- Narrative of the sample locations (where in system,
distances to disturbances, duct configuration, etc.)

7 Pollutant(s) Measured Specify the following for each pollutant measured:

- Pollutant (CO, PM, Formaldehyde, etc.)
- Reporting unit for each pollutant (ppmdv, lbs/hr, lbs/ton,
etc.)

8 Test Methods Include the following for each test method proposed:
- Method reference number ( e.g., EPA 1, ODEQ 7);
- Copy of method (only if requested by DEQ);
- Quantifiable or detectable limits for each pollutant

9 Sampling Replicates - Specify the number of sample replicates for each method
on each emission unit;
- Specify the duration of each sample replicate for each
method.
10 Production and Process - List the parameters to be recorded
Information - Specify the frequency of measurements and recordings
- Specify how each parameter is measured (manual,
instrument, etc.)
A-2
Source Sampling Manual

Item
Description Explanatory Notes
#
11 Pollution Control Device - List the parameters to be recorded
Information - Specify the frequency of measurements and recordings
- Specify how each parameter is measured (manual,
instrument, etc.)
12 Fuel Sampling and Analysis - Specify how sample(s) will be collected (include
references to established procedures such as ASTM, if
applicable)
- Specify frequency of collection
- Specify the type of analysis, the analytical procedure, and
the analytical laboratory

13 Other Test Method Include in the test plan a brief discussion of:
Considerations - Applicability of proposed test methods
- Any and all proposed method modifications/deviations,
including modifications/deviations to QA/QC activities
- Any foreseeable problems with sample recovery
- Any known errors in the proposed method(s)
- Simultaneous testing (multiple parameters or methods)
- Multiple exhaust points of the source (if applicable)
- Possible method interferences
- Cyclonic flow measurements (if applicable)
- Stratification measurements
14 Other Process Considerations Include in the test plan a brief discussion of:
- Target process rate(s) and how it compares to day-to-day
operations and the unit’s rated capacity
- Product (e.g., type, size, specie, etc.)
- Potential process variability (i.e., continuous, cyclical,
etc.)
- Whether the proposed test conditions represent worst-case
conditions with respect to emissions

A-3
Source Sampling Manual

MINIMUM SOURCE TEST REPORT REQUIREMENTS

The DEQ does not require that test reports adhere to a specific format, but the information listed in Table
A-2 (below) needs to be included (as applicable). Reports shall be organized in a clear and logical
fashion to promote correctness and accuracy.
Table A-2

SOURCE TEST REPORT REQUIREMENTS

Item# Description Explanatory Notes

1 Facility Identification - Facility Name
- Facility Address
- Permit Number (and source number if under General
Permit)
- Emission Unit(s) included within the testing project
2 Facility Personnel Name, address, phone number(s) and e-mail for:
- Project Manager
- On-site Contact (if different than Project Manager)
3 Testing Contractor Name, physical address, phone number(s) and e-mail for:
Personnel - Project Manager
- Site Personnel (Team Leader, Technicians)
- Laboratory Support
4 Project Purpose - Specify purpose of project (compliance, emission factor
verification, applicability study, etc.)
- Specify permit condition or rule initiating project
- Specify applicable compliance limits and emission
factors
5 Schedule - Specify testing dates for each unit tested
- Specify starting and ending times for each test run
6 Source Description Description of the emission unit(s), including the following:
- Narrative of the emission source (system type,
manufacturer, date installed, capacity, configuration, fuel
type, etc.)
- Stack height above the ground
- Orientation of the exhaust (vertical, horizontal, etc.)
- Narrative of the pollution control device (system type,
manufacturer, date installed, configuration, etc.)
- Narrative of the sample locations (where in system,
distances to disturbances, duct configuration, etc.)
7 Process & Pollution Control Operating rates and parameters, including the following:
Operating Rates & Settings - Process rates for each run on each emission unit
- Process characteristics for each test run (temperature,
process time, size, species, pressures, settings, fuel
characteristics, etc.)
- Pollution control device parameters for each test run
(temperature, pressure drop, water injection rate, voltage,
settings, etc.)
A-4
Source Sampling Manual

Item# Description Explanatory Notes

- Description of process changes and interruptions that
occurred during testing.
8 Pollutant(s) Measured Discuss the following for each pollutant measured:
- Specie (CO, PM, Formaldehyde, Opacity, etc.)
- Reporting unit for each specie (ppmdv, lbs/hr, lbs/ton,
etc.)
9 Test Methods Include the following for each test method:
- Method reference number ( e.g., EPA 1, ODEQ 7)
- Discuss deviations from published methods and their
impact on test results
10 Summary of Results - One summary table for each emission unit (when
possible)
- List individual run results and average (when possible)
- Include applicable emission standard, factor, or
compliance limit
11 Supporting Sampling - Spreadsheets & electronic data records
Information - Field data sheets, notes, and forms
- Equipment calibration documentation (field & laboratory
equipment)
- Example calculations
- Sampling equipment description
- Pre-test procedure documentation (stratification,
cyclonic, etc.)
12 Laboratory Analysis - Electronic data records
- Data sheets, notes, and forms
- Analytical detection limit for each constituent
- Applicable analytical QA/QC information
- Chain of custody
13 Supporting Process & - Electronic generated output (if applicable)
Pollution Control - Log sheets and forms
Information - Operating capacity
- 90% Percentile 12 Month Operating Analysis (existing
sources)
14 Source Test Audit Report - Complete for each test method and emission unit
- Complete certification form
15 Test Correspondence - Test plan
- Test plan approval correspondence
- Approval for method deviations
- Applicable permit excerpts that pertain to testing
requirements, emission limits, and emission factors

A-5
Source Sampling Manual

APPENDIX B

LISTING OF
SOURCE SAMPLING
METHODS

ALPHABETICALLY BY
POLLUTANT OR STACK
PARAMETER

B
Source Sampling Manual

ESTABLISHED SAMPLING METHODS

POLLUTANT OR STACK
TEST METHOD COMMENTS
PARAMETER
Ammonia EPA CTM-027, BAAQMD ST- Method depends on isokinetic
1B, EPA 320, requirements
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) EPA 3, EPA 3A, EPA 3B
Carbon Monoxide EPA 10
Chloride (Total) EPA 26A, EPA 26 SW846-0050
Dioxins & Furans EPA 23, SW846-23a
Formaldehyde NCASI 98.01,NCASI 99.02, Method depends on source type,
NCASI A105.1, EPA 316, EPA isokinetic and ISDL requirements.
320, EPA 323
Gaseous Organics EPA 18 Not applicable for high molecular
weight compounds or for compounds
with very low vapor pressure at stack
or instrument conditions.
Hydrogen Chloride, EPA 26, EPA 26A, SW846- Use EPA 26A when isokinetic
Hydrogen Halide and 0050, EPA 321 sampling is required.
Halogens EPA 321 utilizes FTIR and is specific
to Portland Cement Kilns
Methanol EPA 308, NCASI 98.01, NCASI Methods may also be applicable to
99.02 NCASI A105.1 phenol with approval
Moisture Content EPA 4, ODEQ 4
Molecular Weight EPA 3, EPA 3A, EPA 3B
Metals EPA 29, SW846-0060 Includes: Antimony, Arsenic, Barium,
Beryllium, Cadmium, Total Chromium,
Cobalt, Copper, Lead, Manganese,
Mercury, Nickel, Phosphorus,
Selenium, Silver, Thallium, Zinc.
Nitrogen Oxides EPA 7E, EPA 20
Nonmethane Organic EPA 25, EPA 25C, BAAQMD EPA 25 subject to interference by H2O
Compounds (NMOC) ST-7, SCAQMD 25.3, EPA and CO2. ST-7 applicable for
CTM-042 compounds that respond well to FID.
25.3 for low concentration sources.
EPA 25C for LFG. CTM-042 for
bakeries.
Opacity EPA 9, EPA ALT Method 082 ALT 082 when pre-approved by DEQ
Oxygen EPA 3, EPA 3A, EPA 3B
Particulate Matter- EPA 5, EPA 5A, EPA 5B, EPA ODEQ 8 acceptable under limited
Filterable 5D, EPA 5E, EPA 5F, EPA 5i, conditions
EPA 17, Modified DEQ 5, DEQ EPA 5i for low level particulate
8
Particulate Matter - Total ODEQ 5, ODEQ 7, EPA 5/202
Particulate Matter - <10um EPA 201A/202
B-1
Source Sampling Manual

POLLUTANT OR STACK
TEST METHOD COMMENTS
PARAMETER
Particulate Matter-<2.5um EPA 201A/202
Phenol NCASI 98.01, NCASI 99.02,
EPA 18, NCASI A105.1
Sulfur Dioxide EPA 6, EPA 6C, EPA 8 EPA 8 also measures sulfuric acid mist
Total Enclosure EPA 204 Use for determining capture efficiency.
Total Hydrocarbons EPA 25A, EPA 18 Applicable to alkanes, alkenes, and
aromatic hydrocarbons. EPA 25A has a
fractional response to many other
organic compounds.
Total Reduced Sulfur EPA 16, EPA 16A, EPA 16C
Velocity and Volumetric EPA 2, EPA 2A, EPA 2C, EPA EPA 2 if duct >12” in diameter
Flow Rate 2E, EPA 2F, EPA 2G, EPA 2H EPA 2A if duct < 12” in diameter
Volatile Organic EPA 320 Analyzes for specific defined VOCs
Compounds by FTIR
Volatile Organic EPA 25, EPA 25A, EPA 25B Total VOC’s reported on an equivalent
Compounds- basis (i.e. “as propane”)
Uncharacterized
Volatile Organic EPA 18, EPA CTM-028 Analyzes for specific defined VOCs.
Compounds by GC EPA 18 not applicable for high
molecular weight compounds or for
compounds with very low vapor
pressure at stack or instrument
conditions. CTM-028 direct interface.

B-2
Source Sampling Manual

APPENDIX C

OREGON DEQ
SOURCE SAMPLING
METHODS

C-4: Oregon Method 4 (moisture)

C-5: Oregon Method 5 (PM)
C-7: Oregon Method 7 (PM)
C-8: Oregon Method 8 (PM, High Volume)

C
Source Sampling Manual

SUB-APPENDIX C-4

OREGON DEQ
SOURCE SAMPLING
METHOD 4

C-4
Source Sampling Manual

Oregon Method 4

State of Oregon
Department of Environmental Quality
Source Sampling Method 4

Determination of Moisture Content of Stack Gases

(Alternate Method)

1. Principle. Under certain conditions, the quantity of water vapor in the gas stream can be
determined by measuring the wet-bulb and dry-bulb temperatures of the gaseous fluid.

2. Applicability. This method is applicable for the determination of the moisture content of the
sample stream when EPA Method 4 is not suitable or when rigid moisture content measurements
are not essential to the success of the testing program.

3. Procedure.

3.1 Measure the dry bulb temperature in the conventional way using either a thermometer or
thermocouple.

3.2 Wrap the end of the temperature-measuring device in a cloth sock soaked with water.
Insert the sock and temperature-measuring device into the flowing gas stream and allow
the temperature to reach a steady state value. Caution: after the water on the sock has
evaporated, the temperature will rise to the dry bulb temperature. (Refer to Figure 4-1).
The wet bulb temperature must be taken while the sock is saturated with moisture.

3.3 Apply the wet bulb readings to Table 4-1 to determine the water vapor pressure in the
gas stream. Then use the dry bulb reading and equation 4.4-1 to determine the
approximate water vapor content. In lieu of using Table 4-1, equation 4.4-2 may be
utilized to determine the vapor pressure at saturation if the wet bulb temperature is less
than 175oF.

3.4 Alternately, if the barometric pressure is 29.92 + 0.5 inches of mercury (in. Hg) apply
the wet bulb and dry bulb readings to a standard psychrometric chart and determine the
approximate water vapor content.

4. Interferences and Calculations

4.1 Wet-bulb temperature readings may be affected by other gas stream components that
ionize when dissolved in water (e.g., salts, acids, bases ) or hydrocarbon compounds,
particularly water-soluble solvents. The effect of these components on the wet-bulb
temperature is usually negligible. However, should any of the above compounds exist at
levels that cause inaccurate wet-bulb readings, the tester must utilize an alternative
approach to determine moisture.

4.2 The wet depression temperature is dependent on the total pressure (i.e., barometric
pressure + static pressure) in the gas stream. Moisture concentrations that are obtained
C-4.1
Source Sampling Manual

from a psychometric chart are reliable only if the gas stream is at, or near, 1 atmosphere
pressure (i.e., 29.92 in. Hg + 0.5 in. Hg). For other pressure conditions, the tester must
use Equation 4.4-1 to calculate the gas stream moisture content.

4.3 Additionally, the following conditions can lead to difficulties:

4.3.a. Very high dry bulb temperature (in excess of 500º F).
4.3.b. Very high or very low gas velocities.
4.3.c. High concentrations of particulate matter which may
adhere to the wet sock.

Dry bulb
d/b temp.

w/b temp. Wet bulb

Elapsed Time

Figure 4-1

4.4 Moisture Equation:

( Ps  e" )(t d  t w )
e"
2800  (1.3t w )
H 2O  x100 (Eq. 4.4-1)
Ps

where:

e" = Vapor pressure of H2O at tw, in. Hg (See Table 4-1)

Ps = Exhaust gas pressure (absolute), in. Hg
td = Dry bulb temperature, ºF
tw = Wet bulb temperature, ºF

C-4.2
Source Sampling Manual

C-4.3
Source Sampling Manual

TABLE 4-1: VAPOR PRESSURE OF WATER AT SATURATION* (Inches of Mercury)

Wet Bulb
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Temperature (°F)
-20 0.0126 0.0119 0.0112 0.0106 0.0100 0.0095 0.0089 0.0084 0.0080 0.0075
-10 0.0222 0.0209 0.0190 0.0187 0.0176 0.0168 0.0158 0.0150 0.0142 0.0134
-0 0.0376 0.0359 0.0339 0.0324 0.0306 0.0289 0.0275 0.0259 0.0247 0.0233
0 0.0376 0.0398 0.0417 0.0441 0.0463 0.0489 0.0517 0.0541 0.0571 0.0598
10 0.0631 0.0660 0.0696 0.0728 0.0768 0.0810 0.0846 0.0892 0.0932 0.0982
20 0.1025 0.1080 0.1127 0.1186 0.1248 0.1302 0.1370 0.1429 0.1502 0.1567
30 0.1647 0.1716 0.1803 0.1878 0.1955 0.2035 0.2118 0.2203 0.2292 0.2383
40 0.2478 0.2576 0.2677 0.2782 0.2891 0.300 0.3120 0.3240 0.3364 0.3493
50 0.3626 0.3764 0.3906 0.4052 0.4203 0.4359 0.4520 0.4586 0.4858 0.5035
60 0.5218 0.5407 0.5601 0.5802 0.6009 0.6222 0.6442 0.6669 0.6903 0.7144
70 0.7392 0.7648 0.7912 0.8183 0.8462 0.8750 0.9046 0.9352 0.9666 0.9989
80 1.032 1.066 1.102 1.138 1.175 1.213 1.253 1.293 1.335 1.378
90 1.422 1.467 1.513 1.561 1.610 1.660 1.712 1.765 1.819 1.875
100 1.932 1.992 2.052 2.114 2.178 2.243 2.310 2.379 2.449 2.521
110 2.596 2.672 2.749 2.829 2.911 2.995 3.081 3.169 3.259 3.351
120 3.446 3.543 3.642 3.744 3.848 3.954 4.063 4.174 4.89 4.406
130 4.525 4.647 4.772 4.900 5.031 5.165 5.302 5.442 5.585 5.732
140 5.881 6.034 6.190 6.350 6.513 6.680 6.850 7.024 7.202 7.384
150 7.569 7.759 7.952 8.150 8.351 8.557 8.767 8.981 9.200 9.424
160 9.652 9.885 10.12 10.36 10.61 10.86 11.12 11.38 11.65 11.92
170 12.20 12.48 12.77 13.07 13.37 13.67 13.98 14.30 14.62 14.96
180 15.29 15.63 15.98 16.34 16.70 17.07 17.44 17.82 18.21 18.61
190 19.01 19.42 19.84 20.27 20.70 21.14 21.59 22.05 22.52 22.99
200 23.47 23.96 24.46 24.97 25.48 26.00 26.53 27.07 27.62 28.18
210 28.75 29.33 29.92 30.52 31.13 31.75 32.38 33.02 33.67 34.33
220 35.00 35.68 36.37 37.07 37.78 38.50 39.24 39.99 40.75 41.52
230 42.31 43.11 43.92 44.74 45.57 46.41 47.27 48.18 49.03 49.93
240 50.84 51.76 52.70 53.65 54.62 55.60 56.60 57.61 58.63 59.67
*Methods for Determination of Velocity, Volume, Dust, and Mist Content of Gases, Bulletin WP-50, Western Precipitation Corp., Los
Angeles, CA
The following equation can be substituted for the above table for determining vapor pressures (e") from measured wet bulb (tw)
temperatures:
 17.27t w 32 

t w 395 
e"  0.1805  e 
(Eq. 4.4-2)

C-4.4
Source Sampling Manual

SUB-APPENDIX C-5

OREGON DEQ
SOURCE SAMPLING
METHOD 5

C-5
Source Sampling Manual

Oregon Method 5

State of Oregon
Department of Environmental Quality
Source Sampling Method 5

Sampling Particulate Emissions from Stationary Sources

1.0 Principle and Applicability

1.1 Principle. Particulate matter including condensable aerosols are withdrawn

isokinetically from a flowing gas stream. Filterable particulate matter is determined
gravimetrically after removal of combined water. Condensable particulate matter is
determined gravimetrically after extraction with an organic solvent and evaporation.

1.2 Applicability. This method is applicable to the determination of particulate emissions

from stationary sources except those sources for which specified sampling methods have
been devised and are on file with DEQ.

2.0 Acceptability. Results of this method will be accepted as demonstration of compliance (or non-
compliance) provided that the methods included or referenced in this procedure are strictly
adhered to and a report is prepared according to Section 2.11 of DEQ’s Source Sampling
Manual, Volume I. Deviations from the procedures described herein will be permitted only if
authorization from DEQ is obtained in writing in advance of the tests. EPA Method 5 combined
with EPA Method 202 may be substituted for this method.

3.0 Equipment and Supplies

3.1 Sampling Train (figure 5-1): Same as EPA Method 5 Section 6.1. with the following
exception: Use of a glass frit filter support is prohibited. The support must be fabricated
such that it can be quantitatively rinsed with acetone during sample recovery (refer to
Section 5.7.1)

3.2 Barometer: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 6.1.2.

3.3 Gas Density Determination Equipment: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 6.1.3.

3.4 Sample Recovery: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 6.2.

3.5 Sample Analysis: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 6.3 with the following addition:
3.5.1 Glass separatory funnel (500-1000 ml) with Teflon1 stopcock and plug.

C-5.1
Source Sampling Manual

4.0 Reagents and Standards

4.1 Sample Collection: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 7.1 with the following condition:
4.1.1 Distilled water with a residue content of < 0.001% (0.0l mg/ml) must be used
in the impingers. The distilled water reagent blank weight correction will not
exceed 0.001%, or 0.01 mg/ml.
4.1.2 Stopcock grease (Section 7.1.5 of EPA Method 5) can bias test results and its
use should be avoided whenever possible.

4.2 Sample Recovery: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 7.2.

4.3 Analysis: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 7.3 with following addition:
4.3.1 Methylene Chloride reagent grade, with a residue content of <0.001% (0.013
mg/ml). The methylene chloride reagent blank weight correction will not
exceed 0.001%, or 0.013 mg/ml. Hexane may be substituted for methylene
chloride. The same purity is required.
4.3.2 Distilled water with a residue content of < 0.001% (0.0l mg/ml). The distilled
water reagent blank weight correction will not exceed 0.001%, or 0.01 mg/ml.

5.0 Sample Collection, Preservation, Storage, and Transport

5.1 Pretest Preparation: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 8.1.

5.2 Preliminary Determinations: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 8.2.

5.3 Preparation of Sampling Train: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 8.3.

5.4 Leak-Check Procedures: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 8.4.

5.5 Sampling Train Operation: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 8.5.

5.6 Calculation of % Isokinetics: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 8.6.

5.7 Sample Recovery: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 8.7 (with the following additions:
5.7.1 In addition to the nozzle, probe, and filter-holder rinses, the filter frit support
is to be rinsed with acetone and stored in Container No. 2.

5.7.2 Container No. 4. The contents of impingers 1 through 3 along with a distilled
water rinse of impingers and all interconnects between the heated filter holder
to the silica gel impinger must be transferred to Container No. 4. To
adequately recover the sample from the impingers and interconnects, each
component is to be rinsed in triplicate and the total rinse volume should equal
or exceed 75 mls of reagent (distilled water).

5.7.3 Container 5. Rinse all sample exposed surfaces between the filter frit support
and the inlet to the silica gel impinger with acetone and store in container No.
5. To adequately recover the sample from this portion of the sampling train,
each component is to be rinsed in triplicate and the total rinse volume should
equal or exceed 100 mls of reagent (acetone).
C-5.2
Source Sampling Manual

5.8 Sample Transport: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 8.8.

6.0 Quality Control

6.1 Miscellaneous Quality Control Procedures: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 9.1 with
the following additions:
6.1.1 Analytical balance calibration and auditing procedures as per Section 7.8 of this
method.

6.2 Volume Metering System Checks: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 9.2.

7.0 Calibration and Standardization

7.1 Documentation: The calibration data and/or calibration curves shall be included in the
source test report.

7.2 Nozzles: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 10.1.

7.3 Pitot Tube: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 10.2 with the following addition:
7.3.1 If calibrated against a standard pitot, Type S pitot tubes shall be recalibrated at
least once every six months.
7.3.2 If default Cp value used based on measured pitot features, measurements must
be conducted pre and post test.

7.4 Metering System: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 10.3.

7.5 Probe Heater Calibration: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 10.4.

7.6 Temperature Sensors: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 10.5 with the following
additions:

7.6.1 Thermometers that measure the filter-oven, impinger exit, and dry-gas meter
temperatures are to be calibrated at 32o F and 212oF against an ASTM mercury
thermometer or NIST traceable thermometer. At a minimum, the filter-oven,
impinger exit, and dry-gas meter thermometers are to be calibrated before
initial use and at least once every six months thereafter.
7.6.2 Alternatively, in-stack temperature thermometers are to be calibrated at 32o F
and 212oF against an ASTM mercury thermometer or NIST traceable
thermometer. At a minimum, the in-stack temperature thermometers are to be
calibrated before initial use and at least once every six months thereafter.

7.7 Barometer: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 10.6.

7.8 Analytical Balance: The following calibration and standardization procedures must be
performed on the analytical balance:

7.8.1 The balance must be audited utilizing 0.500 g, 1.0000 g, 10.0000 g, 50.0000 g,
and 100.0000 g Class-S standard weights. Alternatively, five (5) Class-S
standard weights may be substituted that accurately represent the anticipated
measurement range. The balance results must agree within +1 mg of the Class-S
weights. At a minimum, the balance calibration must be performed subsequent
to disturbing the analytical balance and annually thereafter.
C-5.3
Source Sampling Manual

7.8.2 Prior to weighing filters before and after sampling, adjust the analytical balance
to zero and check the accuracy with a 0.5 g Class-S weight. A Class-S standard
weight within 1 g of the filter weight may be used as an alternate. The balance
results must agree within +0.5 mg and the relative humidity in the weighing
environment must be <50%.

7.8.3 Prior to weighing beakers before and after sampling, adjust the analytical
balance to zero and check the accuracy with a 100 g Class-S standard weight. A
Class-S standard weight within 1 g of the beaker weight may be used as an
alternate. The balance results must agree within +0.5 mg and the relative
humidity in the weighing environment must be <50%.

8.0 Analytical Procedures

8.1 Documentation: Analytical documentation shall be consistent with the data entry forms
presented in Figures 5-2a through 5-2c.

8.2 Analysis: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 11.2 with following additions:

8.2.1 Container No. 1: The sample (filter) must be desiccated and weighed to a
constant final weight, even if it is oven dried.
8.2.2 Container No. 4: Transfer the contents of Container No. 4 to a separator funnel
(Teflon1 stoppered). Rinse the container with distilled water and add to the
separatory funnel. Add 50 ml of methylene chloride or hexane. Stopper the
separatory funnel and vigorously shake for 1 minute. Take care to momentarily
release the funnel pressure several times during the shaking process. Allow the
sample to separate into two distinct layers and transfer the methylene chloride
(lower layer) into a tared beaker or evaporating dish made of glass, Teflon1, or
other inert material. Repeat the extraction process twice more.

NOTE: Always leave a small amount of methylene chloride in the separatory

funnel to ensure that water does not get into the extracted sample. If water is
present in the extracted sample, it will be difficult to completely evaporate the
sample to dryness for gravimetric analysis.

8.2.2.i Transfer the remaining water in the separator funnel to a tared beaker or
evaporating dish and evaporate at 105ºC. Desiccate for 24 hours and
weigh to a constant weight.

8.2.2.ii Evaporate the combined impinger water extracts from Section 8.2.2 at
laboratory temperature (  70ºF) and pressure, desiccate for 24 hours
and weigh to a constant weight.

8.2.3 Container No. 5: Transfer the contents of container No. 5 to a tared beaker or
evaporating dish, evaporate at laboratory temperature and pressure, desiccate for
24 hours, and weigh to a constant weight.

1 Mention of trade names or specific products does not constitute endorsement by

DEQ.
C-5.4
Source Sampling Manual

8.2.4 Solvent Blanks: Evaporate a portion of the solvents in a manner similar to the
sample evaporation to determine the solvent blanks.

9.0 Calculations

9.1 Nomenclature: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 12.1 with following additions:
Cm = Methylene chloride (or hexane) blank residue concentration, mg/g.
Cw =Distilled water blank residue concentration, mg/g.
mm = Mass of residue of methylene chloride (or hexane) after evaporation, mg.
mw =Mass of residue of distilled water after evaporation, mg.
Vmb = Volume of methylene chloride (or hexane)blank, ml.
Vmc = Volume of methylene chloride (or hexane) used for extracting the impinger
water, ml.
Vwb =Volume of distilled water blank, ml.
Vws =Volume of distilled water for charging the impingers and for recovery, ml.
Wm = Weight of residue in methylene chloride (or hexane), mg.
Ww =Weight of residue of distilled water, mg.
ρm = Density of methylene chloride (or hexane), g/ml (see label on bottle).
ρw = Density of distilled water, g/ml (1.0 g/ml).

9.2 Dry Gas Volume: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 12.3.

9.3 Volume of Water Vapor Condensed: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 12.4.

9.4 Moisture Content: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 12.5.

9.5 Acetone Blank Concentration: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 12.6.

9.6 Acetone Blank Deduction: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 12.7 with the following
addition: The acetone reagent blank weight correction will not exceed 0.001%, or 0.01 mg/ml.
An acetone blank deduction value (Wa) of 0.0 mg shall be used when the acetone blank
concentration (Ca) is less than or equal to zero.

C-5.5
Source Sampling Manual

9.7 Water Blank Concentration:

mw
Cw = (Eq. 5.9-1)
Vwb   w

9.8 Water Blank Deduction:

Ww = C w  Vws   w (Eq. 5.9-2)

NOTE: The distilled water reagent blank weight correction will not exceed 0.001%, or
0.01 mg/ml. A water blank deduction value (Ww) of 0.0 mg shall be used when
the water blank concentration (Cw) is less than or equal to zero.

9.9 Methylene Chloride (or Hexane) Blank Concentration:

mm
Cm = (Eq. 5.9-3)
Vmb   m

9.10 Methylene Chloride (or Hexane) Blank Deduction:

Wm = Cm  Vmc   m (Eq. 5.9-4)

NOTE: The methylene chloride reagent blank weight correction will not exceed
0.001%, or 0.01 mg/ml. A methylene chloride (or hexane) blank deduction
value (Wm) of 0.0 mg shall be used when the methylene chloride blank
concentration (Cm) is less than or equal to zero.

9.11 Total Particulate Weight:

Determine the total particulate matter catch from the sum of the weights obtained
from Containers 1, 2, 4, 5 (including the organic solvent extract of the water from
Container No. 4), less the acetone, methylene chloride (or hexane), and distilled
water blanks (see Figures 5-2a, 5-2b, and 5-2c).

9.12 Particulate Concentration: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 12.9.

9.13 Isokinetic Variation: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 12.11.

9.14 Stack Gas Velocity and Volumetric Flow Rate: Same as EPA Method 5 Section
12.12.

C-5.6
Source Sampling Manual

10.0 Alternative Procedures, Bibliography, Sampling Train Schematic, Example Data

Sheets, Etc.:

Same as EPA Method 5 Sections 16, 17 and Figures 5-1 through 5-12 excluding Figure
5-6 (use ODEQ Method 5 Figures 5-2a through 5-2b in place of EPA Method 5 Figure
5-6).

C-5.7
Source Sampling Manual

Figure 5-1: Particulate Sampling Train

C-5.8
Source Sampling Manual

Figure 5-2a
METHOD 5 DATA ANALYSIS FORM

Plant_________________________________ Run Number_________________________

Sample Location________________________ Test Date____________________________
Sample Recovered by________________________________________________________

Lab Lab
Reagent Date/Time Weight Audit* Temp. RH Analyst
(g) (g) o
F %
FRONT HALF:
Filter
Filter ID:__________
Tare Wt.:__________
Date/time into
desiccator:_________

Acetone
Beaker ID:_________
Tare Wt.:__________
Solv. Vol.:_________
Solv. ID:__________
Date/time into
desiccator:_________
BACK HALF:__
Acetone
Beaker ID:_________
Tare Wt.:__________
Solv. Vol.:_________
Solv. ID:__________
Date/time into
desiccator:_________
__
Water
Beaker ID:_________
Tare Wt.:__________
Water Vol.:________
Water ID:_________
Date/time into
desiccator:_________
MeCl or __Hexane
Beaker ID:_________
Tare Wt.:__________
Solv. Vol.:_________
Solv. ID:__________
Date/time into
desiccator:_________

*filter 0.5000 g + 0.5 mg tolerance – NIST traceable Class S weight

beaker 100.0000 g + 0.5 mg tolerance – NIST traceable Class S weight
C-5.9
Source Sampling Manual

Figure 5-2b
METHOD 5 BLANK ANALYSIS DATA FORM

Sample Prepared ___________________________________ Date_______________

Lab Lab
Reagent Date/Time Weight Audit* Temp. RH Analyst
(g) (g) o
F %
Filter
Filter ID:__________
Tare Wt.:__________
Date/time into
desiccator:_________

Acetone
Beaker ID:_________
Tare Wt.:__________
Solv. Vol.:_________
Solv. ID:__________
Date/time into
desiccator:_________

Water
Beaker ID:_________
Tare Wt.:__________
Water Vol.:________
Water ID:_________
Date/time into
desiccator:_________

MeCl or Hexane
Beaker ID:_________
Tare Wt.:__________
Solv. Vol.:_________
Solv. Wt:__________
Date/time into
desiccator:_________

*filter 0.5000 g + 0.5 mg tolerance – NIST traceable Class S weight

beaker 100.0000 g + 0.5 mg tolerance – NIST traceable Class S weight

C-5.10
Source Sampling Manual

Figure 5-2c
METHOD 5 TARE WEIGHT RECORD

Indicate: filters or evaporation containers

Date_________ Date_________ Date_________ Date_________ Date_________

Time________ Time________ Time________ Time________ Time________
Temp_____ oF Temp_____ oF Temp_____ oF Temp_____ oF Temp_____ oF
Media ID RH_______ % RH_______ % RH_______ % RH_______ % RH_______ %
Audit____ gm Audit____ gm Audit____ gm Audit____ gm Audit_____ gm
By__________ By__________ By__________ By__________ By__________

Weight (g) Weight (g) Weight (g) Weight (g) Weight (g)

C-5.11
Source Sampling Manual

SUB-APPENDIX C-7

OREGON DEQ
SOURCE SAMPLING
METHOD 7

C-7
Source Sampling Manual

Oregon Method 7

State of Oregon
Department of Environmental Quality
Source Sampling Method 7

Sampling Condensable Particulate Emissions from Stationary Sources

1.0 Principle and Applicability

1.1 Principle: Particulate matter including condensable gases is withdrawn

isokinetically from a flowing gas stream. The particulate matter is
determined gravimetrically after extraction with an organic solvent and
evaporation.

1.2 Applicability: This method is applicable to stationary sources whose primary

emissions are condensable gases. It should be considered a modification
of Source Sampling Method 5, and applied only when directed to do so
by DEQ.

2.0 Acceptability. Results of this method will be accepted as demonstration of compliance (or non-
compliance) provided that the methods included or referenced in this procedure are strictly
adhered to and a report is prepared according to Section 2.11 of DEQ’s Source Sampling
Manual, Volume I. Deviations from the procedures described herein will be permitted only if
permission from DEQ is obtained in writing in advance of the tests.

3.0 Equipment and Supplies: Same as Oregon Source Sampling Method 5 Sections 3.1 through 3.5
with the following addendum:

3.1 Sampling train (Figure 7-1): Same as Oregon Source Sampling Method 5 Section 3.1
with the following exceptions:
3.1.1 The heated filter and/or cyclone are optional, but should be used if a significant
quantity of filterable particulate matter is present.
3.1.2 An unheated glass fiber filter is placed at the inlet to the silica gel impinger
(generally Impinger 4).

4.0 Reagents and Standards: Same as Oregon Source Sampling Method 5 Section 4.1 through 4.3.

5.0 Sample Collection, Preservation, Storage, and Transport: Same as Oregon Source Sampling
Method 5 Sections 5.1 through 5.8 with the following addenda:

5.1 Preparation of Sampling Train: Same as Oregon Source Sampling Method 5 Section
5.3 with the following addition:

C-7.1
Source Sampling Manual

5.1.1 Insert numbered and pre-weighed filters into each of the front (heated if used)
and back (non-heated) filter holders.

5.2 Sample Recovery: Same as Oregon Source Sampling Method 5 Section 5.7 with the
following addition:
5.2.1 Container 6: Transfer the back filter to container No. 6.

6.0 Quality Control: Same as Oregon Source Sampling Method 5 Sections 6.1 and 6.2.

7.0 Calibration and Standardization: Same as Oregon Source Sampling Method 5 Sections 7.1
through 7.8.

8.0 Analytical Procedures: Same as Oregon Source Sampling Method 5 Sections 8.1 through 8.2
with the following addendums:

8.1 Documentation: Analytical documentation shall be consistent with the data entry forms
presented in Figure 7-2 of Oregon Source Sampling Method 7, and Figures 5-2b
through 5-2c of Oregon Source Sampling Method 5

8.2 Analysis: Same as Oregon Source Sampling Method 5 Section 8.2 with the following
addition:
8.2.1 Container No. 6: Desiccate the back filter in Container No. 6 for 24 hours at
70oF or less. Weigh the filter to a constant weight.

Note: In some cases, desiccation may cause slow vaporization of the

condensable material. Therefore, if the weights continue to decrease
over time and the sample is obviously dry, use the average of the first
three weights to determine the particulate matter catch.

9.0 Calculations: Same as Oregon Source Sampling Method 5 Sections 9.1 through 9.14 with the
following addendum:

9.1 Total Particulate Weight: Determine the total particulate matter catch from the sum of
the weights obtained from Containers 1 (if front filter is used), 2, 4, 5, & 6 (including the
organic solvent extract of the water from Container No. 4), less the acetone , methylene
chloride (or hexane), and distilled water blanks (see Figure 7-2).

10.0 Alternative Procedures, Bibliography, Sampling Train Schematic, Example Data Sheets,
Etc.: Same as Oregon Source Sampling Method 5 Section 10.0 with the following addenda:

10.1 An unheated glass fiber filter is placed at the inlet to the silica gel impinger (generally
Impinger 4).

10.2 Use ODEQ Method 7 Figure 7-2 in place of ODEQ Method 5 Figure 5-2a.

C-7.2
Source Sampling Manual

FIGURE 7-1. OREGON METHOD 7 SAMPLING APPARATUS

C-7.3
Source Sampling Manual

Figure 7-2
OREGON METHOD 7 DATA ANALYSIS FORM

Facility_________________________________ Run Number_____________________

Sample Location________________________ Test Date________________________
Sample Recovered by_______________________________________________________

Lab Lab
Reagent Date/Time Weight Audit* Temp. RH Analyst
(g) (g) o
F %
FRONT HALF:
Front Filter
Filter ID:____________
Tare Wt.:____________
Date/time into
desiccator:___________

Acetone
Beaker ID:___________
Tare Wt.:____________
Solv. Vol.:___________
Solv. ID:_____________
Date/time into
desiccator:___________
_
BACK HALF:
Back Filter
Filter ID:____________
Tare Wt.:____________
Date/time into
desiccator:___________

Acetone
Beaker ID:___________
Tare Wt.:____________
Solv. Vol.:___________
Solv. ID:_____________
Date/time into
desiccator:___________
_ Water
Beaker ID:___________
Tare Wt.:____________
Water Vol.:__________
Water ID:____________
Date/time into
desiccator:___________
_ MeCl or Hexane
Beaker ID:___________
Tare Wt.:____________
Solv. Vol.:___________
Solv. ID:____________
Date/time into
desiccator:___________

*filter 0.5000 g + 0.5 mg tolerance – NIST traceable Class S weight

beaker 100.0000 g + 0.5 mg tolerance – NIST traceable Class S weight

C-7.4
Source Sampling Manual

SUB-APPENDIX C-8

OREGON DEQ
SOURCE SAMPLING
METHOD 8

C-8
Source Sampling Manual

Oregon Method 8

State of Oregon
Department of Environmental Quality
Source Sampling Method 8

Sampling Filterable Particulate Emissions from Stationary Sources

(High Volume Method)

1. Principle and Applicability

1.1 Principle: Particulate matter is withdrawn isokinetically from a flowing gas stream
and deposited on a glass fiber filter. The particulate matter is determined
gravimetrically after removal of uncombined water.

1.2 Applicability: This method is applicable to stationary sources whose exhaust points do
not meet minimum EPA Method 1 flow disturbance requirements and
whose primary emissions are solid (filterable) particulate. Its primary
application is intended to be for wood product handling cyclones and
baghouse exhaust systems. Caution must be taken when applying this
method to sources with elevated exhaust temperatures and/or moistures
as they may diminish the integrity of the sampling filter and damage the
sampling apparatus.

2.0 Acceptability: Results from this method will be accepted as a demonstration of compliance (or
non-compliance) provided that the methods included or referenced in this procedure are strictly
adhered to and a report containing at least the minimum amount of information regarding the
source is included as described in Section 2.11 of Oregon DEQ’s Source Sampling Manual,
Volume I. Deviations from the procedures described herein will be permitted only if permission
from DEQ is obtained in writing in advance of the tests.

3.0 Sampling Apparatus (Figure 8-1)

3.1 Nozzle - smooth metal construction with sharp leading edge. The nozzle shall be
connected to the probe by means of a joint designed to minimize particulate matter
deposition.

3.2 Probe - smooth metal construction. The probe shall be attached to the nozzle and filter
holder with air-tight joints designed to minimize particulate matter deposition. The probe
should be as short as possible.

3.3 Filter Holder - air-tight with support screen for the filter.

3.4 Metering system - a calibrated orifice followed by a thermometer or thermocouple and

flow control device. The metering system shall be connected to the filter holder by
means of an air-tight joint.

C-8.1
Source Sampling Manual

3.5 Pitot Tube – Standard pitot same as EPA Method 2, Sec. 6.7.1, or S-type same as EPA
Method 2, Sec. 6.1, or equivalent.

3.6 Blower - high capacity (typically 60 cfm free air). The blower may be connected to the
metering system by a flexible hose if desired.

3.7 Probe-Nozzle Brush - flexible, nylon bristle brush at least as long as the probe and
nozzle.

3.8 Differential Pressure Gauges - liquid manometer, Magnehelic2, or equivalent.

3.9 Barometer - mercury, aneroid, or other type capable of measuring atmospheric pressure
to within 0.1”Hg. If the barometric pressure is obtained from a nearby weather bureau
station, the true station pressure (not corrected for elevation) must be obtained and an
adjustment for elevation differences between the station and sampling site must be
applied.

3.10 Temperature Gauges - Same as EPA Method 2 Section 6.3.

3.11 Timer - integrating type, accurate and readable to the nearest 6 seconds (tenth of a
minute).

3.12 Wash Bottles: Same as EPA Method 5 Section 6.2.2 .

3.13 Filter Storage Container - clean manila envelopes and tagboards, or suitable
equivalent.

3.14 Sample Storage Containers - glass with leak-tight cap that is resistant to attack by the
solvent used, and allows complete recovery of particulate matter. Polyethylene bottles
are also acceptable.

4.0 Reagents and Standards

4.1 Filters - glass fiber filters, free of pinhole leaks or other imperfections and exhibiting at
least 99.95% efficiency on 0.3 micron DOP smoke particles. Desiccate individually
numbered filters for 24-hours and weigh to the nearest 0.5 mg before use.

4.2 Rinse Solvent - acetone, reagent-grade, < 0.001% (0.008 mg/ml) residue. For aluminum
probes and nozzles, methanol may be substituted for acetone. The same purity is
required.

5.0 Sample Train Preparation

2 Mention of trade names or specific products does not constitute endorsement by

DEQ.
C-8.2
Source Sampling Manual

5.1 All parts of the sampling train shall be cleaned and properly calibrated as directed in
Section 10.

5.2 Place a filter in the filter holder with the coarse side facing the flow, being careful not to
damage it. Be certain that the filter is positioned so that no air can be drawn around the
filter.

5.3 Assemble the sample train with the appropriate nozzle and length of probe. Perform a
leak check by plugging the nozzle, turning on the blower, and observing the deflection of
the flow orifice pressure gauge. The acceptable leakage rate shall not exceed 5% of the
expected sample flow rate.

6.0 Sample Collection, Preservation, Storage, and Transport

6.1 Use a pitot tube to roughly map the velocity distribution across the face of the exhaust
opening or duct. Areas of zero or negative flow should also be indicated if present. At
each point at which the velocity is measured, measure the flow in the direction giving
maximum deflection of the pitot pressure gauge. Record the data on a form similar to
Figure 8-6.

6.2 Select six or more points of outgoing (positive) flow from the points measured in Section
6.1 to sample. The points shall be representative of the flow pattern, and shall include the
point of maximum velocity. If six points of positive flow cannot be obtained, use the
maximum number possible. Do not choose any points closer than 2 inches to the exhaust
duct wall.

Alternatively, sample point locations may be determined utilizing criteria specified

within EPA Method 1 if the minimum distances from upstream and downstream flow
disturbances are met (Figure 1-1 of EPA Method 1).

6.3 Measure the exhaust temperature.

6.4 Determine the nozzle size required for isokinetic sampling. An estimate of the orifice
temperature is required. For low temperature exhausts, the orifice temperature is usually
very close to the exhaust temperature. For higher temperature exhausts, a trial run may
be necessary to determine the expected orifice temperature.

6.5 Calculate the required orifice pressure drop for each chosen sampling point to obtain an
isokinetic sample rate. With the probe out of the exhaust stream, turn on the blower and
adjust the sample flow rate to that calculated for the first sampling point in Section 6.2.
Locate the probe nozzle at the first sampling point, and immediately start the timer.
Move the probe around until the velocity pressure matches that for which the sampling
flow rate was pre-set. The probe nozzle must be pointing directly into the flow.

6.6 Continually monitor the velocity during the sampling period and move the probe around
as required to keep it in an area where the velocity matches the original velocity used to
calculate the pre-set sampling rate. Record the sampling time, the orifice temperature,
C-8.3
Source Sampling Manual

and orifice pressure drop on a data sheet similar to Figure 8-7. Record data every 5
minutes or once per sampling point, whichever is more frequent. Sample for a length of
time so that the total sampling time for all points is at least 15 minutes and a minimum of
100 mg of particulate matter is collected.

6.7 Repeat steps 6.5 and 6.6 for each sampling point. The blower need not be turned off
between points if readjustments to the new sampling rate can be made rapidly (less than
15 seconds).

6.8 Care should be taken so that the nozzle does not touch the walls of the exhaust stack
because particulate matter may be dislodged and enter the sample train. If there is reason
to believe this has happened, discontinue the sample, clean the train, and restart the test.

6.9 If excessive loading of the filter should occur such that isokinetic conditions cannot be
maintained, replace the filter and continue the test.

6.10 At the conclusion of the sampling period, remove the probe from the exhaust and turn
off the blower (do not reverse this order because the filter may be broken and sample
lost). Plug the nozzle to prevent sample loss, and transport to the sample recovery area.

6.11 Conduct a post-test leak check (as per Section 5.3).

6.12 Measure the moisture content, molecular weight, and the pressure (absolute) of the
exhaust gas. In most cases, the moisture may be measured by the wet bulb/dry bulb
technique as described in Oregon Source Sampling Method 4. The molecular weight
shall be measured by EPA Method 3 or 3a. If the exhaust gas being sampled is ambient
air, the dry molecular weight can be assumed to equal 29 lbs/lb mol (29 g/g mol). If
feasible, these supplemental measurements should be conducted during each PM sample
run. Otherwise, these supplemental measurements should be conducted immediately
prior to and immediately following each PM sample run. The process operating
parameters realized during these supplemental measurements must be consistent with the
parameters encountered during the PM sampling collection.

7.0 Sample Recovery

7.1 Remove the nozzle plug, turn on the blower, insert the probe brush into the nozzle, and
brush the particulate from the nozzle and probe onto the filter. Do not insert the brush so
far in that it will come into contact with the filter. Turn off the blower and recover the
PM adhered to the brush. This brushing process must be performed after every PM
sample run.

7.2 Open the filter holder and carefully remove the filter. Inspect the filter for holes or tears.
A leak around the filter is likely if particulate deposits are found at the edge of the filter.
If any of these problems are found, the observations should be recorded on the field data
sheet and the sample should be voided (repeat the run). Fold the filter once lengthwise
with the dirty side in, and place in a folded manila tagboard (or equivalent), folded edge
down. Fasten the outside edge of the tagboard (or equivalent) with a paper clip, and
C-8.4
Source Sampling Manual

place in the manila envelope (or equivalent). Be aware that some filter material will
likely remain on the gasket and filter support. If possible, these filter remains should be
removed with a spatula and placed within the folded filter.

7.3 Rinse the inside front of the filter holder, probe, and nozzle with a measured amount of
acetone or methanol while brushing. Repeat the rinsing/brushing until all particulate and
filter remains is removed as evidenced by a lack of visible residue on the inside surfaces
after evaporation of the acetone or methanol. Be sure to also recover the PM matter
adhered to the recovery brushes. Retain the acetone or methanol rinse and a blank
sample of the acetone or methanol in labeled containers for laboratory analysis. This
rinsing process must be performed after every PM sample run.

8.0 Analytical Procedures

8.1 Desiccate the filter for 24-hours at room temperature (70ºF or less), and weigh to a
constant weight to the nearest 0.5mg.

NOTE: Make certain that any particulate that may have dislodged from the filter into
the tagboard or envelope (or their equivalent) is returned to the filter before weighing.
Alternatively, the filter and corresponding filter receptacle (envelope) may be tared
simultaneously and analyzed collectively. In this case, the filter receptacle must be
opened prior to being placed in the desiccator to instigate sample drying.

Since the relatively large filter and particulate catch may be hygroscopic, weigh
immediately upon removal from the desiccator.

8.2 Filter blanks shall be run in the field before and after the complete source testing
activity. A minimum of 2 filter blanks shall be collected for each source test. This is
accomplished by inserting a pre-weighed filter into the filter holder, performing a leak
check, removing the filter, and treating it as a sample filter in accordance with Section
7.2.

8.3 Quantitatively transfer the solvent rinse and blank solvent to tared beakers or
evaporating dishes, evaporate at room temperature (70ºF or less) and pressure, desiccate,
and weigh to a constant weight to the nearest 0.5 mg.

8.4 Record the data on forms similar to Figures 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, and 8-5.

9.0 Exhaust Gas Flow Rate Measurement

9.1 If the PM sampling location does not satisfy the flow disturbance requirements of EPA
Method 1, then an alternate sampling location shall be selected for a velocity traverse.
The velocity traverse location shall meet EPA Method 1 requirements and should
accurately represent the flow rate to the atmosphere at the particulate sampling point
(i.e., no air flows should be added to or removed from the system between the velocity
and the particulate sampling points).

C-8.5
Source Sampling Manual

9.2 The dry molecular weight of the gas stream shall be determined as per EPA Method 3 or
3a. If the exhaust gas being sampled is ambient air, the dry molecular weight can be
assumed to equal 29 lbs/lb mol (29 g/g mol).

9.3 In most cases, the moisture may be measured by the wet bulb/dry bulb technique as
described in Oregon Source Sampling Method 4. If Oregon Source Sampling Method 4
is not applicable, then exhaust moisture must be measured as per EPA Method 4.

9.4 The flow rate shall be measured as per EPA Method 2 at the location specified by
Section 9.1 of this DEQ method.

9.5 If possible, the flow rate (including velocity, molecular weight, & moisture) should be
measured during each PM sample run. Alternatively, these supplemental measurements
should be conducted immediately prior to and immediately following each PM sample
run. The process operating parameters realized during these supplemental measurements
must be consistent with the parameters encountered during the PM sampling collection.

10.0 Calibration

10.1 The orifice flow meter shall be calibrated at least once within twelve months of the
sampling date using a primary standard or a device which has been calibrated against a
primary standard. The calibration data and calibration curves for the orifice and
intermediate standard shall be included in the source test report, along with
documentation of the primary standard.

10.2 All S-type pitot tubes, differential pressure gauges, and thermometers or thermocouples,
shall be calibrated at least once within six months of the sampling date. The calibration
data and/or calibration curves shall be included in the source test report.

10.3 The calibration records shall include the date, place, and method of calibration.

10.4 Differential pressure gauges (if not liquid manometers) shall be calibrated against a
liquid manometer.

10.5 The following calibration and standardization procedures must be performed on the
analytical balance:

10.5.1 The balance must be audited utilizing 0.500 g, 1.0000 g, 10.0000 g, 50.0000 g,
and 100.0000 g Class-S standard weights. Alternatively, five (5) Class-S
standard weights may be substituted that accurately represent the anticipated
measurement range. The balance results must agree within +1 mg of the Class-S
weights. At a minimum, the balance calibration must be performed subsequent
to disturbing the analytical balance and annually thereafter.

10.5.2 Prior to weighing filters before and after sampling, adjust the analytical balance
to zero and check the accuracy with a 5 g Class-S weight. A Class-S standard
weight within 1 g of the filter weight may be used as an alternate. The balance
results must agree within +0.5 mg and the temperature in the weighing
environment must be <70oF.

C-8.6
Source Sampling Manual

10.5.3 Prior to weighing beakers before and after sampling, adjust the analytical
balance to zero and check the accuracy with a 100 g Class-S standard weight. A
Class-S standard weight within 1 g of the beaker weight may be used as an
alternate. The balance results must agree within +0.5 mg and the temperature in
the weighing environment must be < 70oF.

11.0 Calculations

11.1 Total particulate emissions from the system shall be calculated by multiplying the
measured particulate concentration by the flow rate through the exhaust system. An
index to the parameters utilized in these calculations are as follows:
Bws = Moisture content of sample stream as per EPA 4 or ODEQ 4, vol./vol.
Cg = Calculated PM concentration, gr/dscf.
Cp = Pitot tube coefficient for Method 8 apparatus, typically 0.99
Dn = Sample nozzle diameter, inches.
√dp = Average square root of velocity pressures measured at sample points, (“H2O)1/2.
E= PM emission rate, lb/hr
I = Isokinetic sampling rate percentage, %
Mc = Molecular weight of gas stream used to calibrate orifice, typically 29.0 #/#mol.
mn = Mass of PM recovered from sampling apparatus, mg
Ms = Molecular weight of sample gas stream on a wet basis, #/# mol.
Pbs = Barometric pressure during the course of sampling, “Hg.
Ps = Absolute exhaust pressure at sampling location, “Hg.
Qsstd = Standard exhaust gas flow rate, dscfm
SRstd=Standard sample rate (wet) as indicated by calibration curve, scfm
SRstd’ = Corrected standard sample rate (wet) for temp., pressure, & molecular weight,
scfm.
SRstd’i = Corrected standard sample rate (wet) at sample point “i”, scfm.
Tos = Orifice temperature measured at sample point, oR.
Ts=Average exhaust temperature at sampling location, oR
Vstd’ = Standard sample volume (dry) of entire test replicate, dscf.
Ø = Sampling time of entire test replicate, min.
Øi = Sampling time at sample point “i”, min.

11.2 Particulate Concentration: The following calculations shall be conducted for each test
run:

11.2.1 Total Sample Weight: Calculate the total sample weight from
laboratory results by adding the net weight gain of the filter sample(s),
adjusted for a blank value, to the net weight of particulate matter
collected in the acetone (or methanol) rinse, corrected for an acetone (or

C-8.7
Source Sampling Manual

methanol) blank. Record the results on a laboratory form similar to

Figure 8-5.

11.2.2 Sampling Rate: Sample flow rates for each point shall be determined
from the orifice calibration curve. Typically, the orifice calibration curve
is a plot of orifice pressure drop versus sample flow rates at standard
temperature and pressure. Some calibration curves account for varying
orifice temperatures, but rarely do they adjust for orifice pressure and
gaseous molecular weight.

Consequently, the calibration curve must be corrected to accurately

reflect the relationship between the orifice differential pressure and the
standard sampling flow rate. The correction to the standard sampling
flow rate for a constant orifice differential is specified by Equation 8.11-
1.

Pbs Mc
SRstd '  4.2  SRstd   (Eq. 8.11-1)
Tos Ms

Note: Equation 8.11-1 only applies to the calibration curve that

represents an orifice temperature of 68o F and an orifice pressure of
29.92”Hg. Set Mc equal to Ms (Mc:Ms ratio of 1) if sample gas is
mainly comprised of air with Bws less than 0.05 vol./vol.

11.2.3 Total Sample Gas Volume: Calculate the sample gas volume by
multiplying each sample point duration in minutes, times the average
sample rate (wet standard cubic feet per minute – wscfm) as determined
using the orifice calibration curve and the corrected sample rate from
Equation 8.11-1. Add the volume of all sample points and adjust for
exhaust gas moisture to get the total dry standard sample gas volume for
the entire test run as shown by Equation 8.11-2.

n 
Vstd '   SRstd 'i  i   1  Bws ) (Eq. 8.11-2)
 i 1 

11.2.4 Calculate the particulate concentration in gr/dscf by the following

equation:

mn
Cg  0.0154  (Eq. 8.11-3)
Vstd '
C-8.8
Source Sampling Manual

11.3 Total Exhaust Gas Flow Rate: Use EPA Method 2 calculations to determine the total
exhaust gas flow rate using the data obtained from Section 9 of this DEQ method.
For some cyclones, the total flow may be adjusted to account for air purposely
vented out the bottom of the cyclone.

11.4 Total Emissions: Calculate the total particulate emission rate (lb/hr) by the following
equation:

E  0.00857  Cg  Qsstd (Eq. 8.11-4)

11.5 Percent Isokinetic Sampling Rate: Calculate the isokinetic sampling rate, defined as
the ratio of the average velocity of the sample gas entering the sample nozzle to the
average sample point velocity. In order to achieve acceptable results, the value of this
parameter must be between 80% and 120%. Test results falling outside this range
shall be discarded, and the test repeated.

I  0.2017 
Vstd '

Ts  460  Ms (Eq. 8.11-5)
  (1  Bws )  Dn 2  Cp  dp Ps

12.0 Test Reports

The test report shall include as a minimum the information requested in Section 2.11 of this
manual.

C-8.9
Source Sampling Manual

Figure 8-1

C-8.10
Source Sampling Manual

Figure 8-2
METHOD 8 DATA ANALYSIS FORM
Facility_________________________________ Run Number________________
Sample Location________________________ Test Date___________________
Sample Recovered by________________________________________________

Reagent Date/Time Weight Audit* Lab Lab Analyst

(g) (g) Temp. RH
o
F %
Filter
Filter
ID:____________
Tare
Wt.:____________
Date/time into
desiccator:
___________

Acetone
Beaker
ID:___________
Tare
Wt.:____________
Solv.
Vol.:___________
Solv.
ID:_____________
Date/time into
desiccator:
____________

*filter 5.0000 g + 0.5 mg tolerance – NIST traceable Class S weight

beaker 100.0000 g + 0.5 mg tolerance – NIST traceable Class S weight

C-8.11
Source Sampling Manual

Figure 8-3
METHOD 8 BLANK ANALYSIS DATA FORM

Samples Prepared by________________________ Date________________

Reagent Date/Time Weight Audit* Lab Lab Analyst

(g) (g) Temp. RH
o
F %
Pre Test Blank
Filter
Filter
ID:____________
Tare
Wt.:____________

Post Test Blank

Filter
Filter
ID:____________
Tare
Wt.:____________

Blank Acetone
Beaker
ID:___________
Tare
Wt.:____________
Solv.
Vol.:___________
Solv.
ID:_____________

*filter 5.0000 g + 0.5 mg tolerance – NIST traceable Class S weight

beaker 100.0000 g + 0.5 mg tolerance – NIST traceable Class S weight

C-8.12
Source Sampling Manual

Figure 8-4
METHOD 8 TARE WEIGHT RECORD

Indicate: filters or evaporation containers (beakers)

Date_________ Date_________ Date_________ Date_________ Date_________

Time________ Time________ Time________ Time________ Time________
Temp_____ oF Temp_____ oF Temp_____ oF Temp_____ oF Temp_____ oF
Media ID RH_______ % RH_______ % RH_______ % RH_______ % RH_______ %
Audit____ gm Audit____ gm Audit____ gm Audit____ gm Audit_____ gm
By__________ By__________ By__________ By__________ By__________

Weight (g) Weight (g) Weight (g) Weight (g) Weight (g)

C-8.13
Source Sampling Manual

Figure 8-5
METHOD 8 ANALYSIS SUMMARY
Facility_________________________________ Run Number_________________
Sample Location________________________ Test Date____________________
Sample Recovered by_________________________________________________

ANALYSIS RUN _____ RUN _____ RUN _____ RUN _____ RUN _____

SAMPLE FILTER
Filter ID
Gross Weight, mg
Tare Weight, mg
Net Weight, mg
PRE TEST BLANK FILTER
Filter ID
Gross Weight, mg
Tare Weight, mg
Net Weight, mg
POST TEST BLANK FILTER
Filter ID
Gross Weight, mg
Tare Weight, mg
Net Weight, mg
ACETONE RINSE
Acetone ID
Acetone Volume, mls
Gross Weight, mg
Tare Weight, mg
Net Weight, mg
ACETONE BLANK
Acetone ID
Acetone Blk Vol., mls
Gross Weight, mg
Tare Weight, mg
Net Weight, mg
Net Weight, mg/ml
TOTAL PM RECOVERY*
PM Recovered, mg

C-8.14
Source Sampling Manual

*Total PM = (Filter) – (Average (pre-test blank & post-test blank)) + (Acetone Rinse) – (Acetone Blank Corrected for
Rinse Volume). Note: The blank corrections for the filter and/or rinse samples are ‘0’, if the blank filter or rinse
samples yield negative weight gains.

Oregon Source Sampling Method 8

High Volume Sampling Data
Form 1 of 2
Figure 8-6
VELOCITY PRE-SURVEY

Plant Name & Location______________________________________________________

Date____________ Time_________________ By (name)___________________________
Source Location or ID_______________________________________________________

□Low Pressure System □High Pressure System

Type of Exhaust: □Straight Vertical □China Hat
□Goose-Neck □Other (specify)_________
Temperature: Dry Bulb _______________ºF Wet Bulb ______________ºF

Velocity Survey: Record velocity head at enough points to roughly map the velocity
distribution across the exhaust cross-section. Select six points for sample
collection and show in diagram.

Check if
X Y P selected
Point inches inches “ H2O ( )

8 Y
9

10

11
X
C-8.15
Source Sampling Manual

12

Average

Figure 8-7
Sampling Data and Field Analysis
Plant Name/Location __________________________ Source Identification ________________Run #________
Date_________ Time_________ By (name)______________Process Operation During Test: ______________
Temperature: Dry bulb___________ Wet bulb___________ %Moisture__________ Ambient____________
Gas composition: %O2 _____________ %CO2 _____________ Pitot factor (Cp)____________
Static Press (Pg)______"H2O
Nozzle Dia. _________ Nozzle area (An)_____________ Barometric Pressure(Pb) __________________in. Hg

Location Velocity Pressure Orifice ΔH Sample Rate Sample Rate

Orifice Sample Sample
Indicated by Corrected for
Temperature Time Volume
Pt. Pre-set Actual Calibration Sampling
X Y ∆P √∆P Curve Conditions
“ H2 O “H2O o
F minutes dscf
scfm scfm

6
Avg. or Total -- -- -- --

Sample Filter ID:

Acetone ID:

Acetone Volume, mls.

Pre Test Blank Filter ID:

Post Test Blank Filter , ID:

C-8.16
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C-8.17
Source Sampling Manual

APPENDIX D

GENERAL CALIBRATION
REQUIREMENTS

FOR
OREGON SOURCE
SAMPLING METHODS

D
 Source Sampling Manual

Table D-1: CALIBRATION REQUIREMENTS FOR OREGON DEQ SOURCE SAMPLING METHODS

Applicable ODEQ
Measurement Acceptance
Reference Calibration Points Frequency Method
Equipment Criteria
M4 M5 M7 M8
TEMPERATURE MEASURING DEVICES
Stack/Exhaust ASTM mercury thermometer, 32oF & 212oF every 6 months +1.5% absolute X X X X
NIST traceable, or or or
thermocouple/potentiometer Sec. 10.3 of EPA EPA M2
M2
Oven/Filter ASTM mercury thermometer, or 32oF & 212oF every 6 months +1.5% absolute X X
NIST traceable
Impinger Exit ASTM mercury thermometer, or 32oF & 212oF every 6 months +1.5% absolute X X
NIST traceable
Dry Gas Meter ASTM mercury thermometer, or 32oF & 212oF every 6 months +1.5% absolute X X
NIST traceable
Orifice Meter ASTM mercury thermometer, or 32oF & 212oF every 6 months +1.5% absolute X
NIST traceable
Note: The entire measurement system including readout shall be calibrated. All thermocouples should be checked before each source test. This could be accomplished
by noting on the field data sheets that all of the thermocouples and/or thermometers register the same temperature at ambient conditions.
SAMPLE NOZZLE
Sample Nozzle micrometer 3 diameters 12 months & after high minus low X X X
(initial & thereafter) repair <0.004”

Sample Nozzle visual inspection tapered edge of prior to each field no nicks, dents, or X X X
(pre-test) opening use corrosion
PITOT TUBES
S-type pitot tube standard pitot tube 800; 1,500; every 6 months mean deviation X X X
(preferred procedure) (Cp=0.99) 3,000; & 4,500 <0.01
fpm A & B deviation
<0.01
S-type pitot tube specifications illustrated in face alignments & pre & post each EPA Method 2 X X X
(Dt, PA, PB, x, Z, & W in limits) Method 2, Figures, 2-2, 2-3, 2- dynamic field use
4, 2-7, & 2-8 interferences
Standard pitot tube specifications of EPA Method static pressure prior to initial use > 6 D to tip, >8 D X X X
2, Section 6.7 and Figure 2-5 holes location & to bend, 0.1D hole
size diam.

Note: Where inconsistencies exist, quality assurance requirements specified by method supersede those presented within Tables D-1 & D-2.

D-1
 Source Sampling Manual

Table D-2: CALIBRATION REQUIREMENTS FOR OREGON DEQ SOURCE SAMPLING METHODS

Applicable ODEQ
Measurement Acceptance
Reference Calibration Points Frequency Method
Equipment Criteria
M4 M5 M7 M8
SAMPLE VOLUME METERING EQUIPMENT
Dry Gas Meter standard meter 3 orifice pressures every 6 months Y + 0.02 from
X X
(pre test) (1.0”, 2.0”, & average
3.0”H2O) ΔH@ +0.2 from
average
Dry Gas Meter standard meter 3 replicates at following each Ypost +5% of Ypre X X
(post test) avg. ΔH and max. source test
vacuum during
test
Standard Gas Meter spyrometer or wet test meter 5 orifice pressures annual Ymax – Ymin<0.030
X X
(dry gas meter) over range 0.95<Y<1.05
Standard Gas Meter spyrometer 3 flow rates annual deviation < 1% X X
(wet test meter) (0.25, 0.5, & 0.75
cfm)
High-Volume Orifice standard orifice or meter 7 settings over every 12 months demonstrate
X
(pre test) (or approved equivalent) full range of linearity on a
orifice logarithmic plot
Critical Orifices standard meter duplicate runs for every 6 months K’ + 0.5% from
X X
(as a calibration standard) each orifice average
MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT
Magnehelic3 liquid manometer 3 points over after each +5% X X X
range field use
Barometer mercury barometer one point annual + 0.1”Hg X X X X
(aneroid type)

Note: Where inconsistencies exist, quality assurance requirements specified by method supersede those presented within Table D-1 & D-2.

3
Mention of trade names or specific products does not constitute endorsement by DEQ.

D-2