Effective Presentations
Skills
Dr. Shuchita Chandhok
AICC
Be a Powerful Presenter
Agenda
Plan the Presentation
Structure of a Good Presentation
Summaries
Practice
The Presentation
Planning Your Presentation
1. Determine Purpose : One should not stray
from the focal area or the thrust area. The
more one centers round the main point,
greater are the chances of the result being
positive.
Planning Your Presentation
The Script
A proper format has to be adopted: the speaker will begin from the periphery to
the core of the subject or from the core to the periphery.
Compare the presentation to the tip of an iceberg: 90% of which is in-visible
and only 10% is visible.
The speaker has to keep in mind:
Length: depends on time available
Style of presentation: conversation v/s formal; lucid v/s explanatory
Humour: making the talk more lively & interesting to engage the audience
fully.
Planning A Presentation
3. Plan Space
• Number of Seats
• Seating Arrangement
• Audio/Visual Equipment
• Distracters
4. What Day and Time?
• Any Day!
• Morning
More Planning
5. Organization
Determine Main Points
Evidence
Transitions
Prepare Outline
Visual Aids …
Supplement presentation
Outline of main points
Serve audience’s needs, not speaker’s
Simple and clear
Improve comprehension
Add variety
Illustrate complex ideas
Be Visible
1. Titles should be 38-44 point font size
2. Text should be 30 point font size
3. Use color wisely
• Contrasting colors
Build Rapport
Audience members who trust you and feel that you care
Start Before You Begin
Mingle; Learn Names
Opportunity to reinforce or correct audience
assessment
Good First Impression
People Listen To People They Like
Presentation Style
Elements
1. Vocal Techniques
• Loudness
• Pitch
• Rate
• Pause
• Deviations From the Norm for Emphasis
Presentation Style
Elements
2. Body Language
Eye Contact, Gestures, Posture
3. Use of Space
Can Everyone See You?
Movement
Common Problems
Verbal fillers
“Um”, “uh”, “like”
Any unrelated word or phrase
Swaying, rocking, and pacing
Hands in pockets
Lip smacking
Fidgeting
Failure to be audience-centered
Effective Presentations
Control Anxiety – Don’t Fight It
Audience Centered
Accomplishes Objective
Fun For Audience
Fun For You
Kawasaki Rule (10slides/20 minutes/30
font size)
5 Presentation Tips
1. Smile
2. Breathe
3. Water
4. Notes
5. Finish On Or Under Time
Today’s Agenda
Nuances of Delivery
Patterns of Content Arrangement
Visual Aids
Audience
Non Verbal Communication
Structure of a Presentation
A plan may consist of:
(a).Opening
(i) Introductory remarks
(ii) Stating the Objective of the presentation
(iii) Creating a rapport with the audience
(iv) Drawing the outline of the presentation
Structure of a Presentation
(b). Middle
(i) The main body of the presentation
(ii) Examples and visual aids
(iii) Explanation of the topic in points, as per the
priority.
Structure of a Presentation
(c). Closing
(i). Giving a clear message of the presentation
(ii). Summary of the presentation
(iii). Inviting queries
(iv). Thanking the audience and the organizers
Structure of a Presentation
Preparation should also be done according to this
sequential arrangements.
Ice breaker
Opening
Need for new idea
The idea
Results/benefits
Summary/Conclusion
Structure of a Presentation
Note:
Activities should be interspersed between these six stages
to involve the participants and make them realize the
importance of the presentation.
An individual is able to
Recollect 20% of what he listens
30% of what he witnesses,
50% of a combination of listening and viewing &
70% of what he does.
Organizing Your Presentation
Methods of Delivery/Nuances of Delivery
Memorization
Manuscript
Extempore
Impromptu
Organizing Your Presentation
Organizational Pattern of Content:
Topical
Chronological
Problem/Solution
Cause/Effect
Narrative
Descriptive
3. STRUCTURING MESSAGE CONTENTS
The inverted pyramid style of organizing
information or evidences, may be of help in
structuring the presentation so as to retain audience’s
attention
INVERTED
PYRAMID
START WITH
MOST IMPORTANT
GO TO
LEAST IMPORTANT
Inverted Pyramid
• Starting with the most important & going
down to least important point
• Starting with the conclusion & going down
to backup information
• Starting with the generic statement & going
down to specifics
Creating Effective Visual Aids
Visual Aids
Enhance Understanding
Add Variety
Support Claims
Lasting Impact
Used Poorly…A Distraction…Ineffective
Presentation
Visual Aids - Examples
PowerPoint Slides
Graphs/Charts
Pictures
Films/Video Clips
Nine Techniques for Gaining and
Keeping Audience Attention
A Promise
By the end of this presentation, you will be able
to . . . .
Drama
Tell a moving story; describe a serious problem.
Eye contact
Command attention at the beginning by making
eye contact with as many people as possible.
Nine Techniques for Gaining and
Keeping Audience Attention
Movement
Leave lectern area. Move toward audience.
Questions
Ask for show of hands. Use rhetorical questions.
Demonstrations
Include member of audience.
Nine Techniques for Gaining and
Keeping Audience Attention
Samples/gimmicks
Award prizes to volunteer participants; pass out
samples.
Visuals
Use a variety of visuals.
Self-interest
Audience wants to know “What’s in it for me?”
A GUIDE TO HUMOUR
• Facial expressions
• Timing
• Definite eye contact
• Practice before-hand
• Be brief
• Move directly to the point-directly
• Check effectiveness
Ways to Overcome Stage Fright
Give yourself permission to make an occasional
mistake.
Ignore stumbles; keep going. Don’t apologize.
Make the listeners your partners. Get them
involved.
Just before you speak, practice deep breathing.
NON-VERBAL IN PRESENTATIONS
1. KINESICS 1a POSTURES
SLOPPY RIGID ATTENTION,
CASUALNESS
ERRECT WITH EQUALLY
DISTRIBUTED WEIGHT ON
EACH FOOT
SITTING
STANDING
1 B GESTURES
TO ELABORATE
TO POINT
TO DESCRIBE
TO EMPHASISE VARRY & ADAPT
WATCH TIMING
1c EYE CONTACT
1d FACIAL EXPRESSIONS
1e OVERALL APPEARANCE
2. MOVEMENTS & PROXIMICS
GEN. PURPOSE: ATTENTION,INTERACTION
SPECIFIC PURPOSE:
1. Movements should help you
(TO GET RID OF NERVOUSNESS)
2. Movements should help your message (to increase
emphasis, suggest transitions)
3. Movements should help in gaining audience
attention
3. PARA-LANGUAGE
PICH
RATE
VOLUME
VOCAL QUALITY
PRONOUNCIATION
-
-
For: EMOTIONS, SIGNIFICANCE, MAGNITUDE…
In Sum……
Determine
Evaluate
Purpose Assess
Message/
Performance Your
Receiver
Review
Audience
Feedback Analyze the
Business Occasion
Rehearse Presentation
Process Select
Speaking
Develop Style
Visual
Aids
Write Establish
and Gather Your
Revise and Objectives
Organize
Support
Test Yourself
Questions?
