International
Journal of Emerging Technology and Innovative Engineering
Volume 5, Issue 10, October 2019 (ISSN: 2394 – 6598)
REVIEW OF SOFTWARE AND
WEB APPLICATIONS
DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
Engr. Sana Naz
Hamdard University, Karachi
[email protected] Waqas Ubaidullah Siddiqui
Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi
Umair Ahmed Khan
Federal Urdu University Karachi
Osama Naeem
Dadabhoy Institute of Higher Education
ABSTRACT
The software development process as well as the various phases involved in the development process needs to
be taken into account in order to ensure proper accomplishment of the goals. Software engineering deals with
the use of software systems for a variety of system operations. The use of this form of engineering is highly
common in the modern world and contributes to significant positive developments in regards to organisational
performances. Various common devices such as smart phones and computing devices require the use of
software for proper operations and achievement of performance goals.
Keywords: Software Engineering, Requirements Engineering, Software Development, System Operations
I. INTRODUCTION the use of exploratory, explanatory and descriptive
processes.
This research paper presents a detailed analysis on
various software engineering processes and also II. LITERATURE REVIEW
provides insights regarding new developments
In the modern digital age, the use of Big Data is a
within the organisational structure with the use of
major factor involved in the software and
these software processes. The study also provides a
application process developments. Big Data deals
critical analysis on information gained from various
with the collection of large sets of information
books and articles dealing with information
(Najafabadi et al. 2015). It is known as Big Data due
regarding the use of software engineering processes.
to the fact that these datasets are of high volume,
The use of various research designs help to ensure a
velocity and variety. This information is not
structured approach for the achievement of
properly structured and utilises a semi-structured or
organisational goals. These research designs involve
quasi-structured process (Suhaib, 2019). The
information needs to be refined in an efficient
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manner in order to achieve the necessary other hand, the risk assessment matrix presents
organisational goals. These datasets are significantly detailed insights on various possible risks, their
large and can provide a detailed understanding of effects and the methods by which these risks can be
various factors and issues involved in regards to a dealt with.
certain situation or event. Various organisations
III. RESEARCH PROBLEM
store large amounts of data relating to their
operational processes, performances and sale of
The prime research problem taken into account
various products and services. This data can include
within the study involves the development of a
information gained over the last few years and even
system operations process that utilises various
10 years in the case of some of the well known
hardware devices as well as software systems for
organisations.
improved development processes. The development
of high-value hardware and software devices can
The big data processes are highly effective in storing
ensure the accomplishment of a coordinated
large amounts of data which can lead to increased
approach that can lead to significant improvements
performances of the systems. It was found that the
in regards to performance of the system (Suhaib,
information collected from these systems is highly
2019). This research ensures that various systems
efficient in utilising a wide array of data. This data
are developed with the proper use of high quality
contributes to the development of High Performance
raw materials and resources as well as the software
Computing (HPC) technologies (Suhaib & Ohnishi,
systems are built in an efficient manner with the use
2018). The data collected by conducting these big
of a variety of programming languages.
data analysis processes can provide insights
regarding strategies used by various organisations
IV. AIMS AND RESEARCH QUESTION
and the results received. Additionally, information
can also be gained regarding the year or specific The main aims of the study involve keeping track of
years during which the performances of the the efficient development of software systems that
company were highest. High performances indicate can help to ensure coordinated operations of various
an effective implementation and selection of system components and features.
strategies for the brand and also have a considerable
number of positive effects on achieving data The research questions that can be utilised in order
software design needs. to ensure efficient operations of the systems are as
follows:
Various risks involved in the development process
can be evaluated in an efficient manner with the use ● To determine the various processes that can
of brainstorming processes (Dennis & Johnstone, be used in order to ensure proper system
2016). The proper use of brainstorming can help to operations
identify various risks involved. These risks can be ● To analyse the methods by which various
presented in detail with the proper use of a risk software systems can be developed in order
register or risk matrix. The use of a risk register can to ensure increased performances of the
help to keep track of a variety of risks faced by the systems
organisation and can help to develop new ideas and ● To recommend the necessary ways to
strategies in order to deal with the problems. On the improve the operations of software based
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systems in order to achieve a coordinated
approach within an organisation for proper
performances.
V. METHODOLOGY
This study has been conducted with the use of a
positivism philosophy. The positivism philosophy
involves the use of natural sciences that deal with
logical thinking processes in order to achieve the
necessary goals. On the other hand, as per Ryan
(2018), the interpretivist philosophy deals with the
use of social sciences which involve the collection
Fig 1: Software Development Cycle
of data based on the views of various respondents.
The positivism philosophy has been especially
This study has been conducted by collecting data
selected due to its ability to implement logical
from various secondary sources. These sources
thinking for various operational processes. The
include data collected from various books, journals,
deductive approach has also been selected in order
articles and websites. The data collected for this
to deduce various ideas and concepts involved in the
study is qualitative in nature and involves text-based
development of an efficient system. On the other
information regarding the use of software
hand, the inductive approach deals with introducing
engineering processes and big data analysis
a new scientific idea or concept and thus cannot be
processes. The quantitative methods have not been
utilised within this study.
used due to the fact that this study does not involve
any new implementations. The data has not been
The use of an exploratory design involves the
collected from primary sources due to the fact that
exploration of various new ideas and concepts
only a few people have proper knowledge regarding
involving scientific ideologies. On the other hand, as
the use of these processes. Additionally, due to the
opined by Creswell & Creswell (2017), the use of an
fact that skilled software engineers are rare, they
explanatory design deals with providing a detailed
receive significant positive feedbacks and a large
explanation of various factors involved in the
number of opportunities. Therefore, there are higher
development process. Finally, the descriptive design
chances to receive biased views than that of a true
focuses on providing a detailed description of
understanding of various processes.
various processes involved in the development
methods. This study utilises the explanatory method
VI. RESEARCH ETHICS
in order to provide the necessary explanations for
various system developments involved. The study has been conducted by collecting
information from various books, journals, articles
and websites. The information that has been
collected for the research has not been manipulated
in any way. Additionally, the information gained
from the study has been critically analysed in order
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to gain proper knowledge and ensure effective
understanding of a variety of factors. However, the
views gained from the insights of the author have
been respected due to the fact that the author may
have found the presented information based on the
data collected some years back. Information has
been collected, especially from books and journal
articles that have presented details with the use of
English language. This process has been used in
order to prevent issues relating to duplicacy
involving presenting unrealistic data by providing
journals in different languages as a cover.
Fig 2: Software Development Process
VII. RESULTS AND FINDINGS
System goals involved in software engineering
The use of software systems such as IBM Watson is
processes involve the implementation of a variety of
effective in conducting these big data analysis
ideologies and strategic actions that can lead to
processes and can also lead to knowledge and
better developments in regards to software systems
understanding regarding new possible developments
for the operations of a variety of hardware
that can be made in order to increase system
components (Yan et al. 2018). It was found that,
efficiencies. Additionally, as mentioned by Chen,
every organisation needs to have a set of goals that
Argentinis & Weber (2016), it can also provide they need to achieve within a provided time-frame.
insights regarding new developments that can be
The lack of organisational goals can lead to major
made in order to ensure proper accomplishment of
losses for the organisation and affect the brand in a
the system operational goals. In order to analyse big
negative way. It was found that in software
data sets, the information can be stored in the form
engineering processes, it is highly important for the
of .csv. The csv files can be imported to the IBM
project manager to identify various risks involved
Watson Studio AI Big Data Analysis software
and to develop the necessary processes that could
system. The information within these csv files is first lead to significant positive developments and can be
refined in order to gain significant amounts of data.
efficient in dealing with these risks.
Additionally, this refined information can be
reprocessed in order to gain insights on a variety of Conflict identification is a major factor that needs to
factors such as organisational performances over the be taken into account in software engineering
last few years (Suhaib, 2019). Furthermore, the processes. The conflict identification process deals
information on various strategies and operational with evaluating various possible conflicts between
processes are also taken into account in order to gain various software and hardware based system
proper knowledge and understanding on new components (Degiovanni et al. 2018). The use of
developments that need to be made. these conflict identification processes can also lead
to major positive developments in regards to the
implementation of various system components that
synchronize in an efficient manner. Proper
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synchronicity between systems can lead to major time and budgets are required in order to collect data
positive developments in regards to performances from various respondents. These respondents
and can lead to a significant increase in profits ad include employees and managers from various
sales of the selected brand (Suhaib & Ohnishi, organisations. Data needs to be specifically
2018). The employees within the brand need to be collected from employees and managers due to the
able to develop the necessary systems with the fact that they have proper knowledge regarding the
minimal use of resources and by cutting major costs issues as well as new developments that have been
involved in the development process. The made. The use of surveys and interviews as well as
development of good relations with various supplier a secondary analysis can be effective in order to gain
groups can help to ensure the availability of high- proper insights regarding possible new
quality resources that can help in improved system developments within the organisational system.
development.
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VIII. CONCLUSION
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IX. FUTURE RESEARCH
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