Fiat Tempra

The Fiat Tempra (Type 159) is a small family car

produced by the Italian automaker Fiat from 1990 to 1996 Fiat Tempra
in Italy.[6] The Tempra was intended as a replacement for
the Fiat Regata. The original project was called Tipo 3,
being a mid size car between the Fiat Tipo (project Tipo 2)
and the bigger Fiat Croma (project Tipo 4). The Tempra
shares its Type Three platform with the Lancia Dedra and
Alfa Romeo 155.

The Tempra was named the 1991 Semperit Irish Car of the
Year in Ireland. In Brazil, the Tempra was built from 1991
to 1998.[7] The car was also assembled in Turkey by Tofaş
and in Vietnam by Mekong Auto in complete knock down Overview
until 2000. Manufacturer Fiat
Tofaş
Mekong Auto[1]
Contents Also called Fiat Marengo (panel van)
Production 1990–1996 (Italy)
Overview
1991-1998 (Brazil)
Mechanics
1990-1999 (Turkey)
Equipment and trim levels 1996-2000 ( Vietnam ; CKD
Reports )
Qualities Assembly Cassino Plant, Piedimonte
F1 Safety Car San Germano, Lazio, Italy[2]
(1990–1997)
End of production
Bursa, Turkey (Tofaş;
Engines 1990–1999)
Notes Betim, Brazil (1991–1998)
External links Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
(Mekong Auto; 1996–
2000)[1]
Overview Designer Ercole Spada at I.DE.A
Institute
The saloon of the Tempra was shown for the first time in
Body and chassis
newspapers in November 1989, and introduced in
February 1990 at the Geneva Motor Show, with the Class Small family car (C)
station wagon (marketed as the "Tempra SW") arriving Body style 2-door saloon (Brazil)
two months later in Turin.[5] The initial engine range 4-door saloon
comprised 1.4, 1.6 and 1.8 petrol units and normally
5-door station wagon
aspirated and turbocharged 1.9 litre diesel units.
5-door panel van
Layout Front-engine, front-wheel
The car began to be produced in Brazil for Latin drive / four-wheel drive
American markets, after being introduced in Aruba, (estate)
September 1991. First seen in September 1992, a two door
Platform Type Three platform (Tipo
coupé version of it, was produced exclusively for the
Tre)[3]
market in Brazil.[8] It was built until 1995, and an
turbocharged petrol version was also available there.[9] Related Alfa Romeo 155
Lancia Dedra

Mechanics Powertrain
Engine 1.4 L I4
1.6 L I4
1.8 L I4
2.0 L I4
2.0 L turbo I4
1.9 L diesel I4
1.9 L turbodiesel I4
Transmission 5-speed manual
Fiat Tempra (rear view)
4-speed automatic
"Selecta" CVT[4]
Dimensions
Wheelbase 2,540 mm (100 in)
Length Saloon: 4,355 mm
(171.5 in)
Station Wagon: 4,472 mm
(176.1 in)
Fiat Tempra Station Wagon
Width 1,695 mm (66.7 in)
Height 1,445 mm (56.9 in)
Curb weight 1,030 kg
(2,271 lb)-1,220 kg
(2,690 lb)[5]
Chronology
Predecessor Fiat Regata
Fiat Tempra Station Wagon (rear) Successor Fiat Marea

The Tempra's engine range was similar to that of the Tipo. Initially
1.4 and 1.6 litre models had carburettor engines. Both of these
models were discontinued in 1992, due to the new European
emission standards, and thus all models from 1992 on had catalytic
converters and electronic injection.

Transmission was a standard five speed manual, but for the first
time a midsize sedan was offered as with a continuously variable
transmission which was previously available on the Fiat Uno,
Panda, Ritmo and Tipo.
Fiat Tempra Turbo
This, called the "Selecta", was available only with the 1.6 litre
engine with either bodystyle.[5] As of July 1991, the 2.0 litre SX
model became available with an optional four speed automatic transmission.[10]
Presented in Geneva 1992 (March), there was a version of the station wagon which offered the two litre
engine, combined with permanent four wheel drive. The four wheel drive version had a slight front bias
(56/44%).[11]

During its six year production run, few changes were made apart from a minor facelift in April 1993, which
resulted in a new front grille and other minor styling changes, as well as new equipment levels.

Main parts (most notably, the doors) were shared with the Fiat Tipo. Other vehicles, derived from the same
chassis were Lancia Dedra (Tempra's most similar cousin, sharing all mechanical components) and Alfa
Romeo 155.

The Fiat Tempra had two exclusive options in Brazil: two door version for any engine option (from 1992 to
1994), and a 2.0 litre turbo, which was sold with the two door as "Tempra Turbo" (1994 to 1995) and with
the four door as "Tempra Turbo Stile" (1996 to 1997).

The engine delivered around 163 hp (122 kW; 165 PS) and 26.5 kgf⋅m (192 lb⋅ft; 260 N⋅m) of torque.

Car magazine tests registered 0 to 100  km/h (62  mph) in 8.2 seconds, and a top speed of 213  km/h
(132  mph) by the Tempra Turbo two door 1994. As remark, the Tempra Turbo 1994 was the second
turbocharged car to be produced in Brazil. The first one was the Uno Turbo, also in 1994.

Equipment and trim levels

Only two trim levels were available in its early years: standard (S)
and SX, both reasonably equipped considering the Tempra's low
price.

SX models for example, featured power windows, power locks,

adjustable belts and steering wheel, front fog lights, body coloured
bumpers, velvet upholstery, a futuristic digital dashboard and many
other standard extras. They were also available with optional extras
like anti lock brakes, alloy wheels, sunroof, electronic climate
Fiat Marengo Van
control, etc.

A facelift in April 1993 featured more trim levels, now ranging

from the standard models ("L" in the United Kingdom, where it was only available with 1.4 engine) via the
S and SX to the top SLX, which was only available with 1.8, and 2.0 litre engines in the United Kingdom.
An optional driver's airbag was another innovation that year.

The four wheel drive Station Wagons continued to be available in some markets, such as Switzerland.[12]

In Turkey, where Tofaş built the car, there were also "SX  A" and "SX  AK" (climate control added)
versions available. The 1,000,000th Tofaş built was a Tempra 2.0 i.e. 16V. The Turkish 16 valve Tempra
was not sold in the rest of Europe; it was also available with station wagon bodywork and has a 148 PS
(109 kW) engine.[13]

There was also the domestic market Marengo, a name also used before with the Regata Weekend and later
again with the Marea Wagon. This is a commercial version of the Tempra which was based on the Station
Wagon version, but with basic equipment, heavily tinted rear windows, and no rear seats. The engines were
most commonly the naturally aspirated diesels.

Reports
 Quattroruote, a popular Italian motoring magazine, reported some
failures and defects with the Tempra. The first issue to be reported
was some water ingress through the windscreen seals, an issue that
previously plagued some other Fiat vehicles, especially Alfa 33,
which in rainy conditions would carry a significant quantity of
water on board.

This problem was reported from 1990–92, and was resolved with
using a higher quantity of sealant when fitting the glass.
Digital dashboard on SX models Another reported problem was a high oil consumption, especially
the 1,581 cc engine, which was a common defect with Tipo (with
the same engine) and Panda (1000 FIRE engine). The same was
reported for other Fiat's vehicles, but disappeared with the new 1.6 L 66 kW engine.

On the same model, from 1994, the car started to show some electronic malfunctions, with items such as
the electronic control unit, code key and electric system. A design flaw of the Tempra was that its rear
window was too small and inclined and the tail too tall, so that rear visibility was poor. This issue was
common with the 155 and Dedra, and was one of the reason the estate had more success than the
saloon,[14] especially in the United Kingdom.

Qualities
Since the beginning, the Tempra was presented as a cheap and reliable
car. 1.4 and 1.6 engines were able to run long distances with good fuel
economy, also aided by a high capacity tanks of 65 litres (17 US gal;
14  imp  gal) for the sedan and 70  L (18  US  gal; 15  imp  gal) for the
Station Wagon.

Average range for a 55  kW 1.6 litre sedan was around 920  km
(572 mi) (14 km/L or 7.1 l/100 km or 39.5 mpg‑imp ), and consumption
at constant speed was of 16.5  km/L (6.1  l/100  km; 46.6  mpg‑imp ) at Tempra Interior and standard
90  km/h (56  mph) and 11.6  km/L (8.6  l/100  km; 32.8  mpg‑imp ) at dashboard on S models
130 km/h (81 mph). All these were aided by a favourable aerodynamic
(Cx 0.297) and only 17.2 PS subtracted at 100 km/h (62 mph), which
was the best result among all the rivals.[15]

Another advantage was the galvanized structure, which allowed the model to be resistant against rust over
the time, also showing a good response to weather and bad climate conditions after many years. Other
qualities were the strength and reliability of the mechanics, thanks to the engine that could be used in urban
drive, extra urban and highways.

For its luggage capacity, especially the Marengo version, was also one of the favourites among companies
with the 1929 cc diesel engine, and the interior space was comfortable for five persons during long travels.

F1 Safety Car
A Brazilian produced version of the 16 valve Tempra had the External image
honourable role of being used in Formula One as the Safety Car Fiat Tempra at the Brazilian
during the season of 1993, most notably at the Brazilian Grand Grand Prix in 1993 (https://web.arc
Prix.[16]
 hive.org/web/20190802000010/http
End of production
s://i.imgur.com/0xLCG8b.jpg)

The Tempra was discontinued in Europe in August 1996, and in

Brazil in 1998. It was replaced by the Fiat Marea, which is based on the Fiat Bravo and Fiat Brava
platform, the replacements for the Tempra's sister car the Fiat Tipo. In Brazil, 204,795 Tempras were
produced in eight years,[17] and in Turkey, where the car was manufactured by Tofaş from November
1990[18] until 1999, 129,590 were made.

Engines
 Engine Engine
Model Displacement Power Torque Notes
layout code
DIN: 57 kW DIN: 108 N⋅m
(77 PS) at (80 lb⋅ft) at
I4 6,000 rpm 2,900 rpm

1.4 S 159A2.000 1,372 cc carburator

SOHC ECE: 56 kW ECE: 106 N⋅m
(76 PS) at (78 lb⋅ft) at
6,000 rpm 2,900 rpm
DIN: 52 kW DIN: 108 N⋅m
(71 PS) at (80 lb⋅ft) at
1.4 I4 6,000 rpm 2,900 rpm

160A1.046 1,372 cc cat and fuel injection

i.e. SOHC ECE: 51 kW ECE: 106 N⋅m
(69 PS) at (78 lb⋅ft) at
6,000 rpm 3,000 rpm
DIN: 63 kW DIN: 132 N⋅m
(86 PS) at (97 lb⋅ft) at
I4 5,800 rpm 2,900 rpm

1.6 S 159A3.000 1,581 cc carburator

SOHC ECE: 62 kW ECE: 130 N⋅m
(84 PS) at (96 lb⋅ft) at
5,800 rpm 2,900 rpm
DIN: 59 kW DIN: 128 N⋅m
(80 PS) at (94 lb⋅ft) at
1.6 I4 6,000 rpm 3,000 rpm
cat and fuel injection (until
159A3.000 1,581 cc
i.e. SOHC ECE: 57 kW ECE: 124 N⋅m 1992)
(77 PS) at (91 lb⋅ft) at
6,000 rpm 3,000 rpm
DIN: 56 kW DIN: 128 N⋅m
(76 PS) at (94 lb⋅ft) at
835C1.000
6,000 rpm 3,000 rpm
cat and fuel injection (after
159A3.048
ECE: 55 kW ECE: 125 N⋅m 1992)
1.6 I4 (Selecta)
1,581 cc (75 PS) at (92 lb⋅ft) at
i.e. SOHC 6,000 rpm 3,000 rpm
DIN: 68 kW DIN: 136 N⋅m No catalyzer (Turkey and
(93 PS) at (100 lb⋅ft) at
other markets)[13]
5,750 rpm 2,750 rpm
DIN: 81 kW DIN: 142 N⋅m
(110 PS) at (105 lb⋅ft) at
1.8 I4 6,000 rpm 2,500 rpm

159A4.000 1,756 cc fuel injection

i.e. DOHC ECE: 80 kW ECE: 140 N⋅m
(109 PS) at (100 lb⋅ft) at
6,000 rpm 2,500 rpm
DIN: 77 kW DIN: 140 N⋅m
(105 PS) at (103 lb⋅ft) at cat and fuel injection,
1.8 I4 6,000 rpm 3,000 rpm
1992–

835C2.000 1,756 cc
i.e. DOHC ECE: 76 kW ECE: 137 N⋅m 66 kW (90 PS) DIN in some
(103 PS) at (101 lb⋅ft) at markets[19]
6,000 rpm 3,000 rpm
DIN: 71 kW DIN: 159 N⋅m carburetted Brazilian
I4 8V
2.0 1,995 cc (97 PS) at (117 lb⋅ft) at
DOHC model[8]
5,250 rpm 3,000 rpm
DIN: 85 kW DIN: 159 N⋅m
(115 PS) at (117 lb⋅ft) at
2.0 I4 8V 5,750 rpm 3,300 rpm

159A6.046 1,995 cc cat and fuel injection

i.e. DOHC ECE: 83 kW ECE: 156 N⋅m
(113 PS) at (115 lb⋅ft) at
5,750 rpm 3,300 rpm
2.0 I4 16V 1,995 cc DIN: 92 kW DIN: 177 N⋅m Brazilian model[8]

i.e. DOHC (125 PS) at (131 lb⋅ft) at Turkish model[13]

 16V 5,750 rpm 4,750 rpm

DIN: 109 kW DIN: 186 N⋅m

(148 PS) at (137 lb⋅ft) at
6,250 rpm 5,000 rpm
(1993–1996 two door, and
2.0 DIN: 121 kW DIN: 260 N⋅m
I4 8V 1995–1998 four door
i.e. 1,995 cc (165 PS) at (192 lb⋅ft) at
DOHC Tempra Turbo Stile)
Turbo 5,250 rpm 3,000 rpm

Brazilian model
DIN: 48 kW 119 N⋅m
I4
1.9 D 160A7.000 1,929 cc (65 PS) at (88 lb⋅ft) at
SOHC
4,600 rpm 2,000 rpm
DIN: 60 kW
(82 PS) at DIN: 173 N⋅m
1.9 I4 4,000 rpm (128 lb⋅ft) at
160A6.000 1,929 cc with EGR
TD SOHC ECE: 59 kW 2,800 rpm

(80 PS) at  
4,000 rpm
DIN: 68 kW DIN: 191 N⋅m
(92 PS) at (141 lb⋅ft) at
1.9 I4 4,100 rpm 2,400 rpm

160A6.000 1,929 cc
TD SOHC ECE: 66 kW ECE: 186 N⋅m
(90 PS) at (137 lb⋅ft) at
4,100 rpm 2,400 rpm

Notes
1. David W. Conklin (2006). Cases in the Environment of Business (https://books.google.com/b
ooks?id=Ppjam4YUSiUC&pg=PA265). ISBN 9781412914369. Retrieved 1 January 2009.
2. "Fiat raggiunge l' accordo per Cassino" (http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/1995/febbraio/23/Fia
t_raggiunge_accordo_per_Cassino_co_0_95022310816.shtml). archiviostorico.corriere.it.
Retrieved 2 January 2009.
3. "Fiat Type platform" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120305183446/http://fiat-tipo-portugal.co
m/curiosidades.htm#TDUE). Fiat-tipo-portugal.com. Archived from the original (http://fiat-tipo
-portugal.com/curiosidades.htm#TDUE) on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
4. "Fiat Tempra" (http://www.carsfromitaly.net/fiat/index.html). carsfromitaly.net. Retrieved
30 December 2007.
5. Büschi, Hans-Ulrich, ed. (March 1991). Automobil Revue 1991 (in German and French).
Vol. 86. Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag AG. pp. 267–268. ISBN 3-444-00514-8.
6. "Domestic production - breakdown by makes and models" (https://webmail.anfia.it/autoincifr
e/areariservata/statisticheitalia/Produzione/05bisProdItaModello.xls). 31 March 2016.
Retrieved 13 August 2019.
7. "Tempra 1991-1998" (http://www.fcapress.com.br/pt/fiat/verhistoricoproduto/244.do).
Retrieved 13 August 2019.
8. Büschi, Hans-Ulrich, ed. (10 March 1994). Automobil Revue 1994 (in German and French).
Vol. 89. Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag AG. pp. 255–256. ISBN 3-444-00584-9.
9. Glon, Ronan (13 March 2011). "A quick look at the Fiat Tempra Coupe" (https://web.archive.
org/web/20110624193509/http://ranwhenparked.net/2011/03/13/a-quick-look-at-the-fiat-tem
pra-coupe/). Ran When Parked. Archived from the original (http://ranwhenparked.net/2011/0
3/13/a-quick-look-at-the-fiat-tempra-coupe/) on 24 June 2011.
10. Quattroruote: Tutte le Auto del Mondo 1992 (in Italian). Milano: Editoriale Domus S.p.A.
1992. p. 241.
11. Automobil Revue 1994, p. 252
12. Automobil Revue 1994, p. 102
13. Özenen, Hakan, ed. (December 1996). "Türk pazarındaki otomobillerin teknik verileri"
[Technical data for Turkish market automobiles]. Auto Capital (in Turkish). Istanbul, Turkey:
Hürgüç Gazetecilik A.Ş. (1): 114.
14. Quattroruote; December 1995
15. Quattroruote; September 1992
16. "The F1 Safety Car's Bumpy Ride" (http://karakullake.blogspot.com.au/2007/12/f1-safety-car
s-bumpy-ride.html). 22 December 2007. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
17. "Best Cars Web Site" (http://www2.uol.com.br/bestcars/classicos/tempra-7.htm). uol.com.br
(in Portuguese). Retrieved 30 December 2007.
18. Automobil Revue 1994, p. 526
19. Automobil Revue 1994, pp. 250-251

External links

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