Tutorial Problems
Q1. Determine the displacement response spectra of SDOF system subjected to earthquake
=
acceleration, =
xg 0.3 g cos(12t )
x0 cos(ωt ) .
Q2. A two-story building is modeled as 2-DOF system and rigid floors shown in Figure 4.14.
The inter-story lateral stiffness of first and second floor is k1 and k2, respectively. Take
mass value, m=10000 kg. Determine the k1 and k2 so that the time periods in first and
second mode of vibration of building are 0.2 sec and 0.1 sec, respectively. Take 2%
damping in each mode of vibration. Determine maximum base shear and top floor
displacement due to earthquake excitation whose response spectra for 2% damping are
given below.
Period (sec) S a ( m/s2) S d ( m)
0.1 6.45 1.65×10-3
0.2 10.29 10.42 ×10-3
m
x2
k2
2m
x1
k1
Figure 4.14
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Q3. A uniform bridge deck is simply supported as shown in Figure 4.15. The mass per unit
length of the bridge deck is m and flexural rigidity, EI. The bridge is modeled as a two-
degrees-of-freedom discrete system as indicated in the figure. Assuming same
earthquake acts simultaneously on both the supports in the vertical direction. Determine
the mid-span bending moment and deflection. Take L = 8m, m = 1000 kg/m and EI = 8
× 108 kN.m2. Use SRSS method for combining the response in two modes. The spectra
of the ground motion is given in the Figure 4.15(b).
Sa/g
x1 x2
/ g (0.1 + T ) e−T
Sa =
Time Period, T (sec)
L L L
(a) Model of Bridge (b) Response Spectra
Figure 4.15
Q4. A 5-story building is to be constructed in the area of seismic zone III having medium
soil. The dimension of the building is 15m × 20m. The height of each story is 3.5m. The
live and dead load on each floor is 2.5 kN/m2 and 10 kN/m2, respectively. The live and
dead load on the roof is 1.5 kN/m2 and 5 kN /m2, respectively. Take importance factor as
1 and response reduction factor as 5. Determine the seismic shear force in each story and
overturning moment at the base as per IS: 1893 (Part 1)-2002. Take the value of Z=0.16
for Zone III and spectral acceleration for medium soil from IS: 1893 (Part 1)-2002 as
1 + 15T for 0 ≤ T ≤ 0.1
Sa
= 2.5 0.1 ≤ T ≤ 0.55
g
1.36 / T 0.55 ≤ T ≤ 4
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Q5.An 9-story RCC residential building, shown in Figure
k9
4.16 is to be constructed in an area of seismic Zone III
having medium soil. The plan dimension of the k8
building is 20m x 30m with storey height of 3.65m. k7
Determine the base shear and lateral forces on each
k6
floor as per the IS: 1893-2002 code. Use both seismic
coefficient and response spectrum approach. Take inter- k5
story lateral stiffness of floors i.e. k1=k2=k3=1326×106 k4
6 6
N/m, k4=k5=k6= 994.5×10 and k7=k8=k9=663×10 N/m.
k3
The loading on the floors shall be taken as
k2
Location Floors Roof
k1
Self Wt + Dead load (kN/m2) 10 4
Live load (kN/m2) 5 1.5
Figure 4.16
Natural Frequencies (rad/sec)
6.98 18.78 30.40 41.96 50.91 59.79 62.21 69.64 79.60
Mode-shapes
1.91 2.01 1.79 2.21 1.91 3.07 2.11 0.17 0.00
1.87 1.69 1.04 0.45 -0.33 -1.90 -1.59 -0.20 -0.01
1.73 0.72 -0.75 -2.17 -1.64 0.50 1.38 0.48 0.03
1.50 -.52 -1.79 -.64 1.67 0.95 -1.46 -1.38 -0.14
1.29 -1.22 -1.29 1.20 0.75 -1.21 0.74 2.22 0.39
1.04 -1.60 0.08 1.51 -1.58 -0.24 0.87 -1.98 -0.88
.75 -1.58 1.39 -0.10 -0.94 1.35 -1.43 0.76 1.88
.51 -1.25 1.68 -1.21 0.86 -.08 -0.15 0.81 -2.52
.26 -.69 1.12 -1.16 1.45 -1.36 1.45 -1.28 1.75
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Answers to Tutorial Problems
Q1. The displacement spectra is given by
x0 1
Sd =
ω02 (1 − β ) + ( 2ξβ )
2 2
ω 12
where, =
β = and
x0 = 0.3 g
ω0 ω0
Q2. For first set of values of stiffness (i.e. k1=59157600 N/m and k2= 13146133.33 N/m)
Mode Top floor displacement (mm) Base shear(kN)
1 13.7544 203.919
2 -0.5445 65
SRSS 13.765 214.03
For second set of values of stiffness (i.e. k1=39438400 N/m and k2= 19719200 N/m)
Mode Top floor displacement (mm) Base shear(kN)
1 13.7544 271.225
2 -0.5445 21.474
SRSS 13.765 272.073
Q3. The maximum displacement of each mass = 36.37mm
Q4.
Qi (kN) Vi (kN)
4014.1 4014.1
5459.2 9473.2
3070.8 12544.0
1364.8 13908.8
341.2 14250.0
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Q5.
Floor/Roof Seismic Coefficient Method Response Spectrum Method
Qi (kN) Vi (kN) Qi (kN) Vi (kN)
Roof 222.8 222.8 160.7 160.7
8 422.5 645.3 217.4 378.2
7 323.5 968.8 236.0 614.2
6 237.7 1206.5 218.8 833.0
5 165.0 1371.5 194.7 1027.8
4 105.6 1477.1 175.3 1203.1
3 59.4 1536.5 137.0 1340.1
2 26.4 1562.9 148.1 1488.2
1 6.6 1569.5 81.4 1569.5
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