HCMC University of Technology

Embedded Systems

Vending Machine

Lecturer Dr. Pham Hoang Anh

Students ID
Hồ Hoàng Thiên Long 1852161
Đoàn Anh Tiến 1852789
Nguyễn Duy Tịnh 1852797
 Requirements 01
Table of
Contents
Implementation 02
01.

Requirements
Requirements gathering
Requirements analysis

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Requirements

Requirements gathering
PSI420

*Images are for illustrative purposes only.

Functional Requirements
- Stock box shall consists a number of cells, each cell is a
row of products with the same type and SKU code

- Cash validation:
⫶ 10.000 VND

● Vietnamese paper currency only

● Divisible by 10.000 VND
● No changes
“Money please”

- Workflow:
1. User deposits money, wait for display screen notify
“Deposits more or press Enter to continue”
2. Enter the product’s code, the machine will push the
“Got my 7Up”
product at specific cell to the receiving box “12.000 VND left, Timeout = 1 min
you want more?
3. Display screen shows remaining cash, user can either
choose another product or input more money.
4. System will reset after 1 minute of no interactions
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Requirements

Requirements gathering
Non-functional Requirements, the vending machine shall…

- Stock layout: 4 rows x 4 columns - Money reader is always polling the money every 10ms,
with the accuracy of successful charge of 0.9
- Components:

● A money reader (cash) - Total of 3 steps for user to get drink:

● A keypad with number keys (0-9), an enter Money charge -> Select product -> Receive product

key, a clear key

- The system is always available with 99% uptime
● A display screen
● Motors to drop drink
● A receiving drink box
● A closet storing bottle products

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 Requirements

Requirements analysis
Hardware
- Software: compiled binary file
containing operating code

- Complexity when implementing the algorithm

LED display Keypad Currency detector/
to find money respect to drink code:
(min 13 keys) Bill acceptor
● O(n) time

● O(1) space

where n is the number of drink codes

16 motors MCU

*Images are for illustrative purposes only. 6

02.

Implementation
System design
System implementation

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Implementation

System design
Solution 1: Payment in cash
Hardware

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Implementation

System design
Solution 1: Payment in cash
Software

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Implementation

System design
Solution 2: Pay by E-Wallet
Hardware

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Implementation

System design
Solution 2: Pay by E-Wallet
Software

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Implementation

System design
Tradeoff
Solution 1: Payment in cash Solution 2: Pay by E-wallet
Pros: Pros:
- No internet required - No change handling needed
- Can buy multiple products Cons:
continuously - Internet required
Cons: - Cannot buy multiple products
- Change cannot be returned continuously
- Paper money required - Mobile phone with E-wallet required

Complexity when implementing the algorithm to find money respect to drink code:
- O(n) time
- O(1) space Choose solution 1
where n is the number of drink codes
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Implementation

System design
Testing strategy for Solution 1

Functional testing:
- Test workflow
- Total malfunction buttons / total buttons
- Total malfunction motors / total motors
- Number of money acceptance / Total number of times input money

Non-functional testing:
- Response time of processing money
- Response time of dropping drink
- Malfunction LED screen show in a unit time

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Implementation

System implementation
Paper money reader:
- BRV2300
- money acceptance rate > 96%
- read Vietnam paper money
- box can hold ~300 papers
- Protocol: RS232

Buttons matrix:
- IP65, 4x4 (items)
- waterproof
- backlit
- Protocol: USB

Display screen:
- LCD1602 + I2C
- 2 rows, enough to show information
- I2C have reduced number of pins to 4
- Protocol: I2C 14
Implementation

System implementation
RS232 relays (additional):
- 2 x 8 + 1 x 4 (items)
- Protocol: RS232

Motors:
- DC Servo Deceleration motor
+ springs, 4x4 (items)
- Protocol: on/off via relays

MCU:
- STM32F103C8T6
- 8MHz
- 2 x I2C
- 3 x UART
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Implementation

System implementation
Power:
- DC 12V - 20A
- 2.5A (money sensor) + 16 x 1A (motors) + others ≈ 20A

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Implementation

System implementation
Software:
- Program STM32 MCU with C/C++, with open-source libraries.

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Thank you for your attention!
Do you have any questions for us?

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