AoPS Community 2020 AMC 10

AMC 10 2020
www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c1116106
by djmathman, countTO100, Frestho, Stran1234, GCA, Airplane50, P Groudon, franchester, owm, kc5170,
Owjebra, aie8920, kootrapali, a1b2, nsato, euler123, austinchen2005, Eyed, TheMathateer, Susanssluk,
montana mathlete, Williamgolly, proshi, Welp..., naenaendr, AOPS12142015, rrusczyk

– A

1 What value of x satisfies

3 5 1
x− = − ?
4 12 3
2 7 7 2 5
(A) − 3 (B) 36 (C) 12 (D) 3 (E) 6

2 The numbers 3, 5, 7, a, and b have an average (arithmetic mean) of 15. What is the average of
a and b?
(A) 0 (B) 15 (C) 30 (D) 45 (E) 60

3 Assuming a 6= 3, b 6= 4, and c 6= 5, what is the value in simplest form of the following expres-
sion?
a−3 b−4 c−5
· ·
5−c 3−a 4−b
abc 1 1 1 1
(A) − 1 (B) 1 (C) 60 (D) abc − 60 (E) 60 − abc

4 A driver travels for 2 hours at 60 miles per hour, during which her car gets 30 miles per gallon
of gasoline. She is paid $0.50 per mile, and her only expense is gasoline at $2.00 per gallon.
What is her net rate of pay, in dollars per hour, after this expense?
(A) 20 (B) 22 (C) 24 (D) 25 (E) 26

5 What is the sum of all real numbers x for which |x2 − 12x + 34| = 2?
(A) 12 (B) 15 (C) 18 (D) 21 (E) 25

6 How many 4-digit positive integers (that is, integers between 1000 and 9999, inclusive) having
only even digits are divisible by 5?
(A) 80 (B) 100 (C) 125 (D) 200 (E) 500

7 The 25 integers from −10 to 14, inclusive, can be arranged to form a 5-by-5 square in which the
sum of the numbers in each row, the sum of the numbers in each column, and the sum of the

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numbers along each of the main diagonals are all the same. What is the value of this common
sum?
(A) 2 (B) 5 (C) 10 (D) 25 (E) 50

8 What is the value of

1 + 2 + 3 − 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 − 8 + · · · + 197 + 198 + 199 − 200?

(A) 9, 800 (B) 9, 900 (C) 10, 000 (D) 10, 100 (E) 10, 200

9 A single bench section at a school event can hold either 7 adults or 11 children. When N bench
sections are connected end to end, an equal number of adults and children seated together
will occupy all the bench space. What is the least possible positive integer value of N ?
(A) 9 (B) 18 (C) 27 (D) 36 (E) 77

10 Seven cubes, whose volumes are 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, and 343 cubic units, are stacked vertically
to form a tower in which the volumes of the cubes decrease from bottom to top. Except for
the bottom cube, the bottom face of each cube lies completely on top of the cube below it.
What is the total surface area of the tower (including the bottom) in square units?
(A) 644 (B) 658 (C) 664 (D) 720 (E) 749

11 What is the median of the following list of 4040 numbers?

1, 2, 3, ..., 2020, 12 , 22 , 32 , ..., 20202

(A) 1974.5 (B) 1975.5 (C) 1976.5 (D) 1977.5 (E) 1978.5

12 Triangle AM C is isoceles with AM = AC. Medians M V and CU are perpendicular to each

other, and M V = CU = 12. What is the area of 4AM C?

U V

M C

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(A) 48 (B) 72 (C) 96 (D) 144 (E) 192

13 A frog sitting at the point (1, 2) begins a sequence of jumps, where each jump is parallel to one
of the coordinate axes and has length 1, and the direction of each jump (up, down, right, or left)
is chosen independently at random. The sequence ends when the frog reaches a side of the
square with vertices (0, 0), (0, 4), (4, 4), and (4, 0). What is the probability that the sequence of
jumps ends on a vertical side of the square?
1 5 2 3 7
(A) 2 (B) 8 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 8

14 Real numbers x and y satisfy x + y = 4 and x · y = −2. What is the value of

x3 y3
x+ + + y?
y2 x2

(A) 360 (B) 400 (C) 420 (D) 440 (E) 480

15 A positive integer divisor of 12! is chosen at random. The probability that the divisor chosen is
a perfect square can be expressed as m n , where m and n are relatively prime positive integers.
What is m + n?
(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 12 (D) 18 (E) 23

16 A point is chosen at random within the square in the coordinate plane whose vertices are
(0, 0), (2020, 0), (2020, 2020), and (0, 2020). The probability that the point is within d units of a
lattice point is 21 . (A point (x, y) is a lattice point if x and y are both integers.) What is d to the
nearest tenth?
(A) 0.3 (B) 0.4 (C) 0.5 (D) 0.6 (E) 0.7

17 Define
P (x) = (x − 12 )(x − 22 ) · · · (x − 1002 ).
How many integers n are there such that P (n) ≤ 0?
(A) 4900 (B) 4950 (C) 5000 (D) 5050 (E) 5100

18 Let (a, b, c, d) be an ordered quadruple of not necessarily distinct integers, each one of them in
the set {0, 1, 2, 3}. For how many such quadruples is it true that a · d − b · c is odd? (For example,
(0, 3, 1, 1) is one such quadruple, because 0 · 1 − 3 · 1 = −3 is odd.)
(A) 48 (B) 64 (C) 96 (D) 128 (E) 192

19 As shown in the figure below a regular dodecahedron (the polyhedron consisting of 12 con-
gruent regular pentagonal faces) floats in space with two horizontal faces. Note that there is
a ring of five slanted faces adjacent to the top face, and a ring of five slanted faces adjacent

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to the bottom face. How many ways are there to move from the top face to the bottom face
via a sequence of adjacent faces so that each face is visited at most once and moves are not
permitted from the bottom ring to the top ring?

(A) 125 (B) 250 (C) 405 (D) 640 (E) 810

20 Quadrilateral ABCD satisfies ∠ABC = ∠ACD = 90◦ , AC = 20, and CD = 30. Diagonals AC
and BD intersect at point E, and AE = 5. What is the area of quadrilateral ABCD?
(A) 330 (B) 340 (C) 350 (D) 360 (E) 370

21 There exists a unique strictly increasing sequence of nonnegative integers a1 < a2 < < ak
such that
2289 + 1
= 2a1 + 2a2 + + 2ak .
217 + 1
What is k?
(A) 117 (B) 136 (C) 137 (D) 273 (E) 306

22 For how many positive integers n ≤ 1000 is

     
998 999 1000
+ +
n n n

not divisible by 3? (Recall that bxc is the greatest integer less than or equal to x.)
(A) 22 (B) 23 (C) 24 (D) 25 (E) 26

23 Let T be the triangle in the coordinate plane with vertices (0, 0), (4, 0), and (0, 3). Consider
the following five isometries (rigid transformations) of the plane: rotations of 90◦ , 180◦ , and
270◦ counterclockwise around the origin, reflection across the x-axis, and reflection across
the y-axis. How many of the 125 sequences of three of these transformations (not necessar-
ily distinct) will return T to its original position? (For example, a 180◦ rotation, followed by a

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reflection across the x-axis, followed by a reflection across the y-axis will return T to its origi-
nal position, but a 90◦ rotation, followed by a reflection across the x-axis, followed by another
reflection across the x-axis will not return T to its original position.)
(A) 12 (B) 15 (C) 17 (D) 20 (E) 25

24 Let n be the least positive integer greater than 1000 for which

gcd(63, n + 120) = 21 and gcd(n + 63, 120) = 60.

What is the sum of the digits of n?

(A) 12 (B) 15 (C) 18 (D) 21 (E) 24

25 Jason rolls three fair standard six-sided dice. Then he looks at the rolls and chooses a subset
of the dice (possibly empty, possibly all three dice) to reroll. After rerolling, he wins if and only if
the sum of the numbers face up on the three dice is exactly 7. Jason always plays to optimize
his chances of winning. What is the probability that he chooses to reroll exactly two of the
dice?
7 5 2 17 1
(A) 36 (B) 24 (C) 9 (D) 72 (E) 4

– B

1 What is the value of

1 − (−2) − 3 − (−4) − 5 − (−6)?
(A) − 20 (B) − 3 (C) 3 (D) 5 (E) 21

2 Carl has 5 cubes each having side length 1, and Kate has 5 cubes each having side length 2.
What is the total volume of the 10 cubes?
(A) 24 (B) 25 (C) 28 (D) 40 (E) 45

3 The ratio of w to x is 4 : 3, the ratio of y to z is 3 : 2, and the ratio of z to x is 1 : 6. What is the

ratio of w to y?
(A) 4 : 3 (B) 3 : 2 (C) 8 : 3 (D) 4 : 1 (E) 16 : 3

4 The acute angles of a right triangle are a◦ and b◦ , where a > b and both a and b are prime
numbers. What is the least possible value of b?
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 7 (E) 11

5 How many distinguishable arrangements are there of 1 brown tile, 1 purple tile, 2 green tiles,
and 3 yellow tiles in a row from left to right? (Tiles of the same color are indistinguishable)
(A) 210 (B) 420 (C) 630 (D) 840 (E) 1050

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6 Driving along a highway, Megan noticed that her odometer showed 15951 (miles). This number
is a palindromeit reads the same forward and backward. Then 2 hours later, the odometer
displayed the next higher palindrome. What was her average speed, in miles per hour, during
this 2-hour period?
(A) 50 (B) 55 (C) 60 (D) 65 (E) 70

7 How many positive even multiples of 3 less than 2020 are perfect squares?
(A) 7 (B) 8 (C) 9 (D) 10 (E) 12

8 Points P and Q lie in a plane with P Q = 8. How many locations for point R in this plane are
there such that the triangle with vertices P, Q, and R is a right triangle with area 12 square
units?
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8 (E) 12

9 How many ordered pairs of integers (x, y) satisfy the equation

x2020 + y 2 = 2y?

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) infinitely many

10 A three-quarter sector of a circle of radius 4 inches together with its interior can be rolled up
to form the lateral surface area of a right circular cone by taping together along the two radii
shown. What is the volume of the cone in cubic inches?

√ √ √ √ √
(A) 3π 5 (B) 4π 3 (C) 3π 7 (D) 6π 3 (E) 6π 7

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11 Ms. Carr asks her students to read any 5 of the 10 books on a reading list. Harold randomly
selects 5 books from this list, and Betty does the same. What is the probability that there are
exactly 2 books that they both select?
1 5 14 25 1
(A) 8 (B) 36 (C) 45 (D) 63 (E) 2

12 The decimal representation of

1
2020
consists of a string of zeros after the decimal point, followed by a 9 and then several more
digits. How many zeros are in that initial string of zeros after the decimal point?
(A) 23 (B) 24 (C) 25 (D) 26 (E) 27

13 Andy the Ant lives on a coordinate plane and is currently at (−20, 20) facing east (that is, in
the positive x-direction). Andy moves 1 unit and then turns 90◦ degrees left. From there, Andy
moves 2 units (north) and then turns 90◦ degrees left. He then moves 3 units (west) and again
turns 90◦ degrees left. Andy continues his progress, increasing his distance each time by 1
unit and always turning left. What is the location of the point at which Andy makes the 2020th
left turn?
(A) (−1030, −994) (B) (−1030, −990) (C) (−1026, −994) (D) (−1026, −990) (E) (−1022, −994)

14 As shown in the figure below, six semicircles lie in the interior of a regular hexagon with side
length 2 so that the diameters of the semicircles coincide with the sides of the hexagon. What
is the area of the shaded regioninside the hexagon but outside all of the semicircles?

√ √
9 3
√
3 3 π
√
(A) 6 3 − 3π (B) 2 − 2π (C) 2 − 3 (D) 3 3 − π
√
9 3
(E) 2 −π

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15 Steve wrote the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 in order repeatedly from left to right, forming a list of
10, 000 digits, beginning 123451234512 . . . . He then erased every third digit from his list (that
is, the 3rd, 6th, 9th, . . . digits from the left), then erased every fourth digit from the resulting list
(that is, the 4th, 8th, 12th, . . . digits from the left in what remained), and then erased every fifth
digit from what remained at that point. What is the sum of the three digits that were then in
the positions 2019, 2020, 2021?
(A) 7 (B) 9 (C) 10 (D) 11 (E) 12

16 Bela and Jenn play the following game on the closed interval [0, n] of the real number line,
where n is a fixed integer greater than 4. They take turns playing, with Bela going first. At his
first turn, Bela chooses any real number in the interval [0, n]. Thereafter, the player whose turn it
is chooses a real number that is more than one unit away from all numbers previously chosen
by either player. A player unable to choose such a number loses. Using optimal strategy, which
player will win the game?
(A) Bela will always win. (B) Jenn will always win. (C) Bela will win if and only if n is odd. (D) Jenn will win
(E) Jenn will win if and only if n > 8.

17 There are 10 people standing equally spaced around a circle. Each person knows exactly 3
of the other 9 people: the 2 people standing next to her or him, as well as the person directly
across the circle. How many ways are there for the 10 people to split up into 5 pairs so that
the members of each pair know each other?
(A) 11 (B) 12 (C) 13 (D) 14 (E) 15

18 An urn contains one red ball and one blue ball. A box of extra red and blue balls lie nearby.
George performs the following operation four times: he draws a ball from the urn at random
and then takes a ball of the same color from the box and returns those two matching balls to
the urn. After the four iterations the urn contains six balls. What is the probability that the urn
contains three balls of each color?
1 1 1 1 1
(A) 6 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 3 (E) 2

19 In a certain card game, a player is dealt a hand of 10 cards from a deck of 52 distinct cards.
The number of distinct (unordered) hands that can be dealt to the player can be written as
158A00A4AA0. What is the digit A?
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 6 (E) 7

20 Let B be a right rectangular prism (box) with edges lengths 1, 3, and 4, together with its interior.
For real r ≥ 0, let S(r) be the set of points in 3-dimensional space that lie within a distance r
of some point B. The volume of S(r) can be expressed as ar3 + br2 + cr + d, where a, b, c, and
d are positive real numbers. What is ad bc
?

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(A) 6 (B) 19 (C) 24 (D) 26 (E) 38

21 In square ABCD, points E and H lie on AB and DA, respectively, so that AE = AH. Points
F and G lie on BC and CD, respectively, and points I and J lie on EH so that F I ⊥ EH and
GJ ⊥ EH. See the figure below. Triangle AEH, quadrilateral BF IE, quadrilateral DHJG, and
pentagon F CGJI each has area 1. What is F I 2 ?

D G C

F
H

A E B

7
√ √ 7
√ √
(A) 3 (B) 8 − 4 2 (C) 1 + 2 (D) 4 2 (E) 2 2

22 What is the remainder when 2202 + 202 is divided by 2101 + 251 + 1?

(A) 100 (B) 101 (C) 200 (D) 201 (E) 202

23 Square ABCD in the coordinate plane has vertices at the points A(1, 1), B(−1, 1), C(−1, −1),
and D(1, −1). Consider the following four transformations:

-L, a rotation of 90◦ counterclockwise around the origin;

-R, a rotation of 90◦ clockwise around the origin;
-H, a reflection across the x-axis; and
-V, a reflection across the y-axis.

Each of these transformations maps the squares onto itself, but the positions of the labeled
vertices will change. For example, applying R and then V would send the vertex A at (1, 1) to
(−1, −1) and would send the vertex B at (−1, 1) to itself. How many sequences of 20 trans-
formations chosen from {L, R, H, V } will send all of the labeled vertices back to their original
positions? (For example, R, R, V, H is one sequence of 4 transformations that will send the
vertices back to their original positions.)
(A) 237 (B) 3 · 236 (C) 238 (D) 3 · 237 (E) 239

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24 How many positive integers n satisfy

n + 1000 √
= b nc?
70
(Recall that bxc is the greatest integer not exceeding x.)
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 30 (E) 32

25 Let D(n) denote the number of ways of writing the positive integer n as a product

n = f1 · f2 · · · fk ,

where k ≥ 1, the fi are integers strictly greater than 1, and the order in which the factors
are listed matters (that is, two representations that differ only in the order of the factors are
counted as distinct). For example, the number 6 can be written as 6, 2 · 3, and 3 · 2, so D(6) = 3.
What is D(96)?
(A) 112 (B) 128 (C) 144 (D) 172 (E) 184

–
These problems are copyright © Mathematical Association of America (http://maa.org).

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Art of Problem Solving is an ACS WASC Accredited School.