koolearn WTRF TES [ — FE 7 DS MRE SAO!CO BR 1 BEMRBANE LL BBP ner 1.2 BAG FTRERU LE. Oe se 5 2 VERY RRA ones esscsessesscsecsesecscsesseeesseessseee 11 2.1 SENTENCE COMPLETION=-- ©) FFBBRL sen sng OM ze 2.2 GRAM/FLOW CHART/ TABLE - EAE a nnnnninninninninninnnnnnnnnnnnsnns LS 2.3 eyed. vse vse sess sugvenmnsneesnennssnnnsnnnanenunnnnasonensnennestaassnesseee 16 3 SUMMARY #22 EEE Ra na eeccseecceeseceneeeeneee 19 BL HEIL 2 cnn 19 3.2 BEI nnn 4 TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN # Enea AL PURER nnn 4.2 HUE... pee rrnere Sr ne QS SOE Tenens yh G 44 T/F/NG SHERRIBRDA. iW 26 N! 45 SE: EERIE REY on Ae woe ecemennnrenrenernnnneen 30CO 5.1 PERIL IMB ese — - mr Oe eneenr SE 5.2 PFMAAONPAE RE, 33 5.3 FRE. 34 54 ESE 55 SiRaLAOMie 6 MATCHING $BBCRR .......seesscseeseessesseesesseesecene 39 6.1 FRSA SIAMCM ( Matching2 # ) 39 6.2 TSAO ( eAESLIREEE ) 6.3 #8B0HI ( Matching] % ) 7 LIST OF HEADINGS ( LOH ) FRiStnaagii ...... 50 RNG eee a eee ee ee son SL 7.2 ER 51 7.3 SEB ssn 52CE 1 PEWRBATME NRRBAS RR Ae aa FEAR BAMER NBR a5 ‘Summary SEAM RUBLE =5 PULA DT AAS aos PRT AAR ( B+ Si ) Bap ‘FISERRY ( Summary ) SIERRA BG SRBCRARIAFE ( Matching’ & ) att FSBCRERUNFIA (Matching 2) BM List of Headings Sn AAANARGSCR BARMBAKE 1. FDS ST 2. AGRA AR 3. SCRA 4. SLES 1.1 PUSIRSS HIE axER 2 39-40 9 37-38 85 35-36 8.0 33-34, 75 30-32 7.0 S 27-29 65 & 23-26 6 SS 19.22 55 5 5. % 15-18 5 %Hen BSBA IB BEI a ESHA BRS as BRAS BRR MRE SERNA ARS apr hemes 10 BALE W BARA a Bis Axa EARS ADB LAE 098 S »a 10 xe na al Testi 1 Stepwells mee 2 European Transport Systems wan 3 The Psychology of Innovation ‘cme Test2 1 Tea and the Industrial Revolution meee 2 Gifted Children and Learning 3 Museums of Fine art and Their Public > ae Ly ee vp Test3 1 The Cont Meaning ar jcope of rc itext, 1 vs nase Tourism ‘ 2 Autumn Leaves: ay SeisCE 3 Beyond the Blue Horizon i Testa 1 The Megafires of California se 2 Second Nature cmt 3 When Evolution Runs Backwards eset 1.2 SEO PDSEAY BR wl wk RE Co | SAIC 8000 BORE FGi] = 5000 SQBR: SN, RE, RAGA DHBR , ES 13 REM creme “ 2Matching (1%, 28) SS 3.True/False/Not Given 4.Multiple Choice LY 5.Summary % 6 Sentence Completion Ke 7.Short-answer Questions 1 vy 8.Diagram/Flow Chart/Table WB Ny 1.3.1 List of Headings ERR) ay + Questions 1-5CE Reading Passage 1 has five marked paragraphs, AcE. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below. Write the correct number, i-vili, in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet. of Headings i Avoiding an overcrowded centre ii A successful exercise in people power iii. The benefits of working together in cities iv Higher incomes need not mean more cars vv Eeonomic arguments fail to persuade vi The impact of telecommunications on population distribution vii Increases in travelling time viii Responding to arguments against public transport Paragraph A Paragraph B Paragraph C Paragraph D Paragraph E SE: FM: RBS: MERA anhone 1.3.2. Matching (1%) 1.3.21 ASBCSRG Questions 5-9 Look at the following statements (Questions 5-9) and the Jigt,o®eople in the box below. Match each statement with the correct person A-E. Write the appropriate letter A-E in boxes 5-9 on your sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once. 5 Endangered languages cannot be saved 3 Joe leam to speak more than one language. 6 Saving languages from extinction, Qe satisfactory goal 7 The way we think may be determi Tir language. 8 Young people often reject the hed way of life in their community. 9 Acchange of language may loss of traditional culture. === ©CE Michael Krauss Salikoko Mufwene Nicholas Ostler Mark Pagel Doug Whalen ALPE | SRADRSIA, ARM EN moom> iE 1.3.2.2 SSH Classify the following as first occurring ‘A between 1945 and 1950 B_ between 1950 and 1980 © after 1980 Write the correct letter A, B or C in boxes 32-35 on your answer sheet. 32. the realisation that the resources of the national health systems were limited 33a sharp rise in the cost of health-care 34 a belief that all the health-care resources the community needed would be produced by economic growth 35 an acceptance of the role of the state in guaranteeing the provision of health-care al! 13.2.3 DFAS Questions 27-31 Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G, below. ee) Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet. OS 27 Adeveloped system of numbering 28 An additional hand signal S 29 In seventh-century Europe, the ability to count to a certain number 30 Thinking about numbers as concepts separate from oh objects 31. Expressing number differently according to class of iter was necessary when people began farming. Ye was necessary for the development of arith persists in all societies was used when the range of number. can be traced back to early Europ was a characteristic of early Be x was necessary in order to fulfil a civic role. ss ‘ ommoom>r fr systems.CE iE: GR ANB 1.3.3 Matching (2%) RSGSERa Reading Passage 2 has nine paragraphs, Al Which paragraph contains the following information? Write the correct letter, Act, in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet. 14 a suggestion for improving trade in the future 15 the effects of the introduction of electronic delivery 16 the similar cost involved in transporting a product from abroad or from a local supplier 17 the weakening relationship between the value of goods and the cost of their delivery SE: CUE! SEAS! TBH 1.3.4 True/False/Not en or Yes/No/Not Given(#)Ef) In boxes 18-20 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this, 18 International trade is increasing at a greater rate than the world economy. 19 Cheap labour guarantees effective trade conditions. 20 Japan imports more meat and steel than France. PUBRRDAOISME : IOFRRE ; SS | Ly '* 1.3.5 Multiple Choice e388 (Si , Sit) Ky Mi Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D. << Write the correct letter in boxes 10-13 on your ai Bet 10. The writer refers to the film of the train “gs ‘demonstrate A the simplicity of early films. B the impact of early films. iS © how short early films were is D how imaginative early films, a Questions 9 and 10 XP —xxx= # <CE Choose TWO letters A-E. Write your answers in boxes 9 and 10 on your answer sheet. NB Your answers may be given in either order. Which TWO of the following factors influencing the design of Bakelite objects are ‘mentioned in the text? ‘A. the function which the object would serve B the ease with which the resin could fil the mould CC the facility with which the object could be removed from the mould D the limitations of the materials used to manufacture the mould E the fashionable styles of the period SE: SAAHMAREASRAE—D ! 13.6 HBR. BR, Bik mmaEsit PUREARAER 1. Scanning for details 2. Skimming for overall meaning 3. Recognizing paraphrase BRSCi ‘Scanning aaa Sa A Ea RES RZ MRO ‘Skimming REESRY naa PRE 1. ete 2 SROPIBEA ( SEAT SHAS ) aR SLI] 60 29 & RMALA , BRAAAKE “ RIDES NS REMRDABR Ls” EE ian, ease HARCR 2 ERP RRR ¥ + FRE MINA ) Y= (Lik MH y- BILBBRA J 2.1 SENTENCE COMPLETION---4)F-EAERH Sentence Completion BSsomay FeRSomk _( SACRE ROB crite ) ReeeROF S ess) Questions 4-6 ‘Complete the sentences below. AV Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each ans ey Write your answers in boxes 4-6 on your answer sheet. \ 4 EPRI receives financial support from... \ 5 The advantage of the technique being developed by Rielss that it can be used. 6The main difficulty associated with using the segment is related to 5. 3 wy io aR F > Questions 23-26 cn Complete each sentence with the. Xe @hding, A-H, below. Write the correct letter, A-H, in, 16 on your answer sheet. 23 Home medical aids =zCO 24 Regular amounts of exercise 25 Feelings of control over life 26 Feelings of loneliness A. may cause heart disease. can be helped by hormone treatment. may cause rises in levels of stress hormones. have cost the United States government more than $200 billion. ‘may help prevent mental deciine. may get stronger at night. allow old people to be more independent. can reduce stress in difficult situations. Zrommooo RSAMDF Ge Fe Bia ESR Ebay ER ea Poel tai Rea RAR RIC ELAR EAA 1. Sea BFSA5 8F MA 2. Bil 3. thi, WEI BLASS ites ?CE 1. REA ( ERT) 4&4] concept, opinion, idea, explanation, information, theory... 3. HiBi@ statement, argument, comment, response EGS 4 | C4PIO ‘Complete the sentences below with words taken from Reading Passage 1. Use ONE WORD for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet. 7. According to Professor Yessis, American runners are relying for their current success on. . 8. Yessis describes a training approach from the former Soviet Union that aims to develop an athlete's. 9. Yessis links an inadequate diet to. 10. Yessis claims that the key to setting new records is better. ‘eC Biase Beni Sea a $ a (He) iD Vy S Amn eae \ AAA LA , YZ Het : HRA S \S WN They may also have produced the world’s atmespiige WN Day length is a useful cue for breeding in are > _are unpredictable. ‘The word ‘echolocation’ was first used by s\ working as @_ In recent years, many of them have be to give up their___ lifestyle. EPRI receives financial support fro Vi The advantage of the technique b ‘veloped by Diels is that it can be used_. =xPHBA PNHERAR FARR and, also, or, as well as, consistent with, both...and..., either...or..., furthermore, in addition, moreover, even, -—not_—onily...but_—_(also), for example, for instance, such as, from...10..., SAR however, butwhile, nevertheless, whereas, yet, conversely, contrary to, on the contrary, by contrast although, though, even if, even though, despite, in spite of, even when, BERR “ because, as, for , in that, (since), because of, on the ground of, in view ners light of, ‘on account of, due to, as a result of, pyt down to, therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, in consequence, as a roots to, affect, contribute to os ays BERR ANY not, no, rather than, dis-, un-, im-, mee t far from, lack, hardly, against, RR similar, morefless than, like, as, re:CE sa AMA B ROGET , PEFR AI MTF RR , ASHI , REIS) 2.2. GRAM/FLOW CHART/ TABLE -Eq#et Early methods of producing flat glass * Glass remained 2. Ribbon + Glass was 5 . * 20% of glass rubbed away * Machines were expensive * Could produce glass sheets OF VaIYING 4 sonnei + Non-stop process. Passage: (1-3) The first successful method for making clear, flat glass involved spinning. This method was very effective as the glass had not touched any surfaces between being soft ada, becoming hard, so it stayed perfectly unblemished, with a ‘fire finish’. However, process took a long time and was labour intensive. Os Passage: (4-5) sv The first continuous ribbon process involved squeezing molten glass threighwo hot (eles, sro an od anal. Thi alowed lass of way any thekges Np non-stop, but the rollers would leave both sides of the glass marked, and he need to be ground and polished. je made would thenCE Questions 21-23 Right prefrontal cortex lights up ~ area of brain linked to a Orbital prefrontal cortex is 2 svnennses BRCOME activated — involved with active too 2B 21. His scans showed that at the beginning of a joke the listener's prefrontal cortex lit up, particularly the right prefrontal believed to be critical for problem solving. 22, But there was also activity in the temporal lobes at the side of the head.. 23. Then when the punchline arrived, a new area sprang to life - the orbital prefrontal cortex. This patch of brain tucked behind the orbits of the eyes is associated with evaluating information. Bata zates , Rp (2, Bib , SEES. FRR aay RR 2.3 (aH By" Questions 12 and 13 vo Answer the questions below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS yoy NUMBER from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 12 and 13 geen sheet 12 Whatis produced to help an athle| ei performance in an event? 13 By how much did some eo jance improve at the 1996 Olympic Games? =UHR BAS SARAD , BARMERA. PROBA SEE Bae EL EUR , BELT Se RIS RESRRADRRESRAE Sec ‘STRETTON ‘N aT Tak} what,who BASIE) , HHA, ASaia een nue Pete Rl Reelig SS aha o ‘SCAUpleA COT1 Vv S 12 Whats produced to help an athlete pian their performance in an event? Passage: Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches stattyd prepare the athlete by developing a ‘competition model’, based on what they: oe will be the winning KA” times. Ve 13 By how much did some cyclists’ performance imprays SG? 1996 Olympic Games? cyelss'and rowers times, oD ‘9 What potential did Perkin immediately anaes that his new dye had? c10P20 Passage: But perhaps the most x ‘of all Perkin's reactions to his find was his nearly instant recognition that th tye had commercial possibilities. =xCE 12. In what country did Perkin’s newly invented colour first become fashionable. The company received a commercial boost from the Empress Eugenie of France, when she decided the new colour flattered her. Very soon, mauve was the necessary shade for all the fashionable ladies in that country.CE 3 Summary {Hee 3.1 BRP WARE Et9 3 AMEE FAL Questions 1-3 (C5P40) Complete the summary. ‘Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet, ‘Some plastics behave in a similar way to 1 in that they melt under heat and can be moulded into new forms. Bakelite was unique because it was the first material to be both entirely 2 ............ in origin, and thermosetting, There were several reasons for the research into plastics in the nineteenth century, among them the great advances that had been made in the field of 3 ........... and the search for alternatives to natural resources like ivory Questions 18-23 ((C5P92) Complete the summary with the list of words A-P below. Write your answers in boxes 18-23 on your answer sheet es Toughened Glass Toughened glass is favoured by architects because it is much stronger than eof sldne glass, and the fragments are not as 18 when it breaks. However, disadvantage: it can shatter 19...» This fault is a result of the ae uring process. Ordinary glass is first heated, then cooled very 20 The’wuter layer 21 . before the inner layer, and the tension between the two layers Anumerous Bdetected — C quickly ° D agreed E warm F sharp Ly ° G expands H slowly I unexpectedly os Jremoved K contracts L disputed K P calculated a LeeeHa XS SRBARGCE RRB BRLEMOAS , RESTA CEME A BRSNSaRS BRsMsaRSOAT Questions 37-40 Complete the summary of paragraph G below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet. 3.2 GEE JASE PARE) ABASMNSRAAVURA ASEAN , MATMANADETTLLITALE EER + GBRSSNASERS S HUB OS op aE, RAE RY REMANANEMRR 205 SRT ) cee) MEA ENAS 2 6 ¥ - RRPRERS SR to aA > SEEMS BFOFHESCE ‘seykia] (IMAL , 13a) ) ai A: (BABAi)prep. (of, in ,at from, with, to, as, on, about... ) prep.+n. B: (2SHSBi)a/an +n SURE 1 C4P77 Obtaining Linguistic Data 237-40 : Complete the summary of paragraph G below Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer A Linguist can use a corpus to comment objectively on 37 .......... Some corpora include a wide range of language while others are used to focus On @ 3B.........0. THE length of time the process takes will affect the 39............ of the corpus. No corpus can ever cover the whole language and so linguists often find themselves relying on the additional information that can be gained from the 40.....of those who speak the language concerned. How? Step 1 PRES, REBRAA HTS RAE Complete the summary of paragraph G below UB SMTE GC ERPS Step 2 * FASE AERA ARAL AS y XY Ka 37 A linguist! comment objectively K 3E¢P : Acorpus enables the linguists to make unbiasdk(Gtatement about the frequency of sage oo BEER Sai AY iy i Step 3 p EEE aCE UEIEAS DSRNA ARIES RIES 37—BIEZINAl on , PILARTHIRTSSHESEBIAl , #RASGULIEE. , about the frequency of usage. #SiH Step 4 BRFLERASSS BEER ; NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS PALA, frequency of usage RIFE ESE ‘A Linguist can use a corpus to comment objectively on 37 ...n..... Some corpora include a wide range of language while others are used to focus on a 38...n(1)... The length of time the process takes will affect the 39......n...... of the corpus. No corpus can ever cover the whole language and so linguists often find themselves relying on the additional information that can be gained from the 40...n...of those who speak the language concemed ‘corpus enables the linguist to make unbiased statements about frequency of usage, and it provides accessible data for the use of different researchers. Its range and size are variable. Some corpora attempt to cover the language as a whole, taking extracts from many kinds of text; others are extremely selective, providing a collection of material that deals only with a particular linguistic feature, ‘Sometimes a small sample of data will be enough to decide a linguistic hypothesis; by contrast, corpora in major research projects can total millions of words. An important, principle is that all corpora, what-ever their size, are inevitably limited in their coverag and always need to be supplemented by data derived from the intuitions of speakers of the language, through either introspection or experimentation. sv IRR 2 \ C5P18 Johnson's Dictionary Questions 4-7 Ly . Complete the summary. vy Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the oC each answer. Write your answers in boxes 4-7 on your answer in 1764 Dr Johnson accepted the contract a dictionary. Having rented a garret, he took on a number of 4 wt ES a long central desk. Johnson did not have a5 available to him, but a produced definitions of in excess of 40,000 words written down in 80 large Passage: an James Boswell, his beara ed the garret where Johnson worked as ‘fitted x 9.CE up like a counting house’ with @ long desk running down the middle at which the copying clerks would work standing up. ‘The work was immense; filing about eighty large notebooks (and without a library to hand), Johnson wrote the definitions of over 40,000 words,... ‘On publication, the Dictionary was immediately hailed in many European countries as a landmark. According to his biographer, James Boswell, Johnson's principal achievement was to bring 6 ........... to the English language. As a reward for his hard work, he was granted a7 by the king Itis the cornerstone of Standard English, an achievement which, in James Boswell’s words, ‘conferred stability on the language of his country’. ‘The Dictionary, together with his other writing, made Johnson famous and so well esteemed that his friends were able to prevail upon King George III to offer him a pension From then on, he was to become the Johnson of folklore. PRR AFR , “NSIT ‘Summary HOEY TEU (B-TGH, MPSELN: HOSE: BEG, MENG) SRPEAES SURED, BERLIN HAL OTE (BRAS ASALFAICE 4 TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN #URER BAS PA BHAORSA GI FDR SOT FUT AS Ri] TIFING ERAGE Sa: MPRA 4.1 AUT True/False/Not Given SUL Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage X? Yes/NoINot Given ea Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage x? aa 1, ARRAS SIU EL Vv 2. SUE ( MESS ) S 37MM AE (LAURIN ) 2" 4. ARRON , ESE se 4.2 AARCE BREA. « REAR AH Hao hb He RAO Soe PAI SERNA ( $553) 1 BFSAS BF Me MAR OR 2. Bia 3. aia) Wasa) REGS 27 Environmentalists take a pessimistic view of the world for a number of reasons. 28 Data on the Earth’s natural resources has only been collected since 1972. 29. The number of starving people in the world has increased in recent years. 30 Extinct species are being replaced by new species. 31. Some pollution problems have been correctly linked to industrialisation. 32 It would be best to attempt to slow down economic growth. 4.3 UAE ial 1. Be 17 Between 1983 and 1990 the numbers of patients visiting ates therapists rose to vy 1 2 Besa w® ANY 24 Little doubt was expressed about the ret" the Bishops Walk accident. ( C5P93 ) include a further 8% of the population. ( C4P48 ) BERL little, few, reject, not, limit, restrict, rather than...CE 3. WEES ( adv.tv., adj.+n. ) 12. Bakelite was immediately welcomed as a practical and versatile material. (C5P42) 27 There is plenty of scientific evidence to support photoperiodism. (C5P96) 4. HR, RR, RR In 1995, Al was at its lowest point. Research into agent technology was more costly than research into neural network. In the follow-up class, the teaching activities are similar to those used in conventional classes. 5. SoA only, always, must, all, every, guarantee. 6. BRS ‘Sediment in the irrigation canals on the Nile delta causes flooding. 7. BSR The Aswan dams were built to increase the fertility of the Nile delta, 8. BAER increase, decrease, develop, rise, decline, fade. 29. The number of starving people in the world has increased in recent years. 7. The spread of tourism in certain hill-regions has resulted in a fall in the amount ge produced locally MS 9. SUPER Ss If a signal from outer space is received, it will be important to respond prompt, (C9P24) e yo 10. SMBS (iB or RIBS ) So far SETI scientists have picked up radio signals ee MY 4.4 TIFING ERR ies xe TRUE/YES fStSR 5" 1. BF RRLA ASCE P: The rise of dictionaries is associated with the rise of the English middle class. Q: The growing importance of the middle classes led to an increased demand for dictionaries. (C5P19) 2, FRB HAH Anthropologists define culture in more than one way. (C4P94) P: Culture in this sense includes what the anthropologist, Edward Tylor, summarised in 1871 as ‘knowledge, belief, art, morals, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society’. Anthropologists also use the term ‘culture’ in a more restricted sense when they refer to the ‘culture' of a particular society, meaning the non-biological characteristics unique to that society. FALSE/NO BSI 1. DORR P. Fewer people are starving Q. The number of starving people in the world has increased in recent years. (C5P26) 2. EIROUVIAGHECSETASFE 3. Performance has improved most greatly in events requiring an intensive burst of energy. (C4P90) For the so-called power events - that require a relatively brief, explosive release of energy, like the 100-metre sprint and the long jump - times and distances have improved ten to twenty per cent. In the endurance events the results have been more dramatic. NOT GIVEN A9fa 7 EPA MULTE , ERC a 1. BRIER S 2, ICRU AANA ITE 3. MBPEROCENFRUSRACH , RAMA! 15, ° Several of the subjects were psychology st deg at Yale University. (c5P23) we ‘Stanely Milgram of Yale University tested oes from all walks of life for their i 4, DE PRECBER , ROCA: ERASE | Early peoples found it easier to c ‘using their fingers than than a group of pebbles. =x 9CE (C6P51040) Counting is not directly related to the formation of a number concept because it is possible to count by matching the items being counted against a group of pebbles, grains of corn, or the counters fingers. P: Aandior/as well as B Q Athan B wURESHT — ( C4PE9) 9 Any street child can set up their own small business if given enough support. Passage: Being an entrepreneur is not for everyone, nor for every street child. Ideally, potential participants will have been involved in the organisation's programs for at least six months, and trust and relationship-building will have already been established. FALSE 10. In some cases, the families of street children may need financial support from S. K. | Passage: There are tremendous advantages to involving parents or guardians in the program, where such relationships exist. Home visits allow staff the opportunity to know where the participants live, and to understand more about each individual's situation. NOT GIVEN 11 Only one fixed loan should be given to each child, Passage: ‘Small loans are provided intially for purchasing fixed assets such as bicycles, shoe shine kits and basic building materials for a market stall. As the entrepreneurs gain experience, the enterprises can be gradually expanded and consideration can be given to increasing loan amounts. The loan amounts in S. K. |. programs have generally ranged from US, $30-$100. FALSE 12. The children have to pay back slightly more money than they borrowed. Vv Passage: as AILS. K. |. programs have charged interest on the loans, primarily to get the’ reneurs, used to the concept of paying interest on borrowed money. Generally the Pips have been modest (lower than bank rates). Q TRUE on FALSE #] NOT GIVEN ASKS) ve : » 1. UHR AECL AAS ALL, TG, PERERA E.g. You can go to Shanghai by train sre XK Q: You must fly to Shanghai, y 2. (RAPS ELMER! Y) , PTRETEWSB TRE IEMS , FRRETORHNG, Q: You may probably opera by bus EEE 28CE SLE; : True/False/Not given 1. Doctors make decisions according to the symptoms that a patient describes. 2. Ourabilty to deal with a lot of input material has improved over time. 3. We tend to know when we have made an error of judgement. We are constantly required to process a wide range of information to make decisions. ‘Sometimes, these decisions are trivial, such as what marmalade to buy. At other times, the stakes are higher, such as deciding which symptoms to report to the doctor. However, the fact that we are accustomed to processing large amounts of information dose not mean that we are better at it, Our sensory and cognitive systems have systematic ways of failing of which we are often, perhaps blissfully, unaware. (0G,72,RP3) Questions 8-13, Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this 8. The growing importance of the middle classes led to an increased demand for dictionaries. Beyond the practical need to make order out of chaos, the rise of dictionaries is associated with the rise of the English middle class. 9. Johnson has become more well known since his death ..that Dr Samuel Johnson, the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man, as, famous in his own time as in ours... oS o 10. Johnson had been planning to write a dictionary for several years. 11, Johnson set up an academy to help with the writing of his Dictionary. VY Johnson decided he did not need an academy to settle arguments about Jaffyaye; he would write a dictionary himself: \ 42, Johnson only received payment for his Dictionary on its completion. > He was to be paid £1,575 in instalments, and from this he took ipontnto rent 17 Gough ‘Square, in which he set up his ‘dictionary workshop’. % 13. Not all of the assistants survived to see the econ He was also helped by six assistants, two of whom ilst the Dictionary was still in @ Tips: as 1 BEER ETISH regime Fi preparation.CE 2. DEAS CNEMAREET | 3. REDE 4. ALZIG , GRA 1-2 DRIER FRAGRMELA TRAN ¢ 1. AUTRES ERAT REE NG 2. AE RA= MA, TFING BS8 3. T AOHESE KELL NG & 4. BEAU 338] True: RCS TS EMER False: RUESHURAEAA NG : ROR REL ARB ERASER 45 Si: MESIAL ess) 1. WUBDF PAIBBAR ( Hi or $47) “ ‘The sense of smell or olfaction, is powerful ae Computers have been used for most kinds of crime, including larceny, zzlement, burglary, sabotage, murder and forgery, since the first cases wers,repeyted in 1985. Baekeland’s invention, although treated with disdain in its earl esnent on to enjoy an unparalleled popularity which lasted throughout the first wees ‘twentieth century. Q: Bakelite was immediately welcomed as a practical ar file material. 2. AUDEN STRAAIROB, YY Another practice that is prohibited under sr ws is a form of freebie marketing known as “tying”. This is when a seller m sale of one good conditional on the acquisition of a second good. ENDMBBMASA :CE be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to,be called, be known as, define, represent, signify, constitute 3 RAIMI ( UE ) ‘Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read i ntelligently. PER : or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely... 4. HUBER If we think of a book we studied months or years ago, we will find it easier to recall peripheral details~the colour, the binding, the typeface, the table at the library where we sat while studying it-than the content on which we were concentrating, 28.Lozanov's theory claims that, when we ty to remember things (C7P28) ‘A unimportant details are the easiest to recall B concentrating hard produces the best results. C__ the most significant facts are most easily recalled D__ peripheral vision is not important. 5. BAS . RA ERIM: dis- un- in- im- over. ITF’, GilkM overcrowded , overstate , overestimateCE 5 MULTIPLE CHOICE je} RH + RRL + Bae + FRR ASE + SSE ¥ + Se 5.1 PPAR aaa 1. ike 2. Sik 3. $BARE 32. Children who are bullied ‘Aare twice as likely to commit suicide as the average person. op B find it more dificult to relate to adults. wv Care less likely to be violent in later life. SS D may have difficulty forming relationships in later life. SS) csT4 Questions 9 and 10 XY ‘* Choose TWO letters A-E. a Write your answers in boxes 9 and 10 on your answer EO NB Your answers may be given in either order. Sy Which TWO of the following factors influencingzihSesign of Bakelite objects are mentioned in the text? > AA the function which the object would serw ae B the ease with which the resin could ule the factty with which the object co®t{@etemoved from the mould D_ the limitations of the materials manufacture the mould 3CE E the fashionable styles of the period Question 40 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D. ‘Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet, ‘Which of the following is the most suitable title for Reading Passage 3? ‘A Bullying: what parents can do B__ Bullying: are the media to blame? C Bullying: the link with academic failure D__ Bullying: from crisis management to prevention SEM HE BUF Baie a) FSC 5.2 PPR RARORAE IR BET mEM RET, RICHE EURO, REN, BEATS , Mabe RAK, Baie Haat: . ‘ The book Educating Psyche is mainly concemed with Ly A. the power of suggestion in learning G B a particular technique for learning based on emotior Ke the effects of emotion on the imagination and the UNgarscious D wma ctlewih wich ae ata oi Educating Psyche by Berine Neville is a h looks at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of em: ‘aQjination and the unconscious on learning, ‘One theory discussed in the book SD posed by George Lozanoy, which focuses on the power of suggestion. =xCE 5.3 Fie HE 1, ORE 2. FOR SF 3. ae 4. GIES mA PABMERSA WAAR ASSL, Busi 32. Children who are bullied Aare twice as likely to commit suicide as the average person. B find it more difficult to relate to adults. Care less likely to be violent in later life. D__ may have difficulty forming relationships in later life. B Bullying is clearly unpleasant, and can make the child experiencing it feel unworthy and depressed. In extreme cases it can even lead to suicide, though thankfully rare, Victimised pupils are more likely to experience difficulties with interpersonal relationshi as adults, while children who persistently bully are more likely to grow up to be phys violent, and convicted of anti-social offences. ah = $ ja S A HE twice B FREARGOLNY as, (ERA AR REL x 2) & C MEDUEERIER wy N! D RURRLAESTEL LB ms Ks RAT 3 x According to the text, every year liCE does considerable damage to buildings during thunderstorms Kills or injures mainly golfers in the United States. Kills or injures around 500 people throughout the world damages more than 100 American power companies. com> Their electrical fury inflicts death or serious injury on around 500 people each year in the United States... _ leisurely round of golf can become a terrifying dice with death-out in the open, a lone golfer may be a lightning bolt's most inviting target. ‘And there is damage to property too. Lightning damage costs American power companies more than 100 million a year. RST 4 36 The writer suggests that newspapers print items that are intended to A. educate readers B meet their readers’ expectations encourage feedback from readers D mislead readers Newspapers and broadcasters are there to provide what the public wants. 5.4 ERA BaAE The most suitable title of the passage. The aims/objectives/purposes of the writer. Which one best summarises the conclusion? The main idea of a paragraph... Beat Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D. Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet. . Which of the following is the most suitable ttle for Reading PasSaqe'y? ‘A Bullying: what parents can do G B Bullying: are the media to blame? Ke C Bullying: the link with academic failure Ru D Bullying: from crisis management to meron Banu e PHBEC SME 4 EEE 35CE HFSHSUR , BiCwRBt SHB BARE : RESTA RST 1 ‘What does the writer say about America’s waste problem? ‘A. {twill increase in line with population growth. B_ tis notas important as we have been led to believe. C_Ithas been reduced through public awareness of the issues. D_ tis only significant in certain areas of the country. The fourth factor is poor individual perception. People worry that the endless rise in the amount of stuff everyone throws away will cause the world to run out of places to dispose of waste. Yet, even if America’s trash output continues to rise as it has done in the past, and even if the American population doubles by 2100, all the rubbish America produces through the entire 21st century will still take up only one-12,000th of the area of the entire United States. RUT 2 34 The experiment described in paragraph B ‘A. shows how we make use of smell without realising it. B demonstrates that family members have a similar smell, C proves that a sense of smell is learnt. D_ compares the sense of smell in males and females. % In one well-known test, women and men were able to distinguish by smell alone cl worn by their marriage partners from similar clothing worn by other people. Mgst*oL she subjects would probably never have given much thought to odour as a cue { ket fying family members before being involved in the test, but as the experimen} Opt I, even when not consciously considered, smells register. AW FRRUNES 8M : Be me) ° ee ‘Striking Back at Lightning With Lasers Ru & ESS a RED (C8) XS =x;CE 35. What is the writer doing in paragraph C? ‘A. supporting other research B_ making a proposal C rejecting a common belief D_ describing limitations In spite of its importance to our emotional and sensory lives, smell is probably the most undervalued sense in many cultures. The reason often given for the low regard in which ‘smell is held is that, in comparison with its importance among animals, the human sense of smell is feeble and undeveloped. While it is true that the olfactory powers of humans are nothing like as fine as those possessed by certain animals, they are still remarkably acute. Our noses are able to recognise thousands of smells, and to perceive odours which are present only in extremely small quantities. HoT 5 (C8) 36 What does the writer suggest about the study of smell in the atmosphere in paragraph E? ‘A. The measurement of smell is becoming more accurate. B_ Researchers believe smell is a purely physical reaction, Most smelis are inoffensive. D_ Smells yet to be defined. Most of the research on smell undertaken to date has been of a physical scientific nature. Significant advances have been made in the understanding of the biological and chemical nature of olfaction, but many fundamental questions have yet to be answere Researchers have sil to decide whether smells one sense of two - one responding ‘odours proper and the other registering odourless chemicals in the air. ap 5B S 5.5 SieeAAee SS Beat Questions 9 and 10 Ly” Choose TWO letters A-E. YY, Wit your answers in boxes 9 and 10 on your answer saga” NB_ Your answers may be given in either order. 1 Which TWO of the folowing fects inuenciggAke Nesign of Bakelite objects are mentioned in the text? ‘A. the function which the object would send the ease with which the resin coul Rous B C the facility with which the object-seuitWye removed from the mould D_ the limitations of the materials. manufacture the mould << —CE E the fashionable styles of the period The design of Bakelite objects, everything from earrings to television sets, was governed toa large extent by the technical requirements of the moulding process. The object could not be designed so that it was locked into the mould and therefore difficult to extract. A ‘common general rule was that objects should taper towards the deepest part of the mould, and if necessary the product was moulded in separate pieces. SHOVES BARES RRE—W NB HRA , TRI RALE eae SROMURUELMEA OD , ATRL , BMRB PRATER PS) , ATS , APLAR FR BaTR SPA , SEH ; EMT AR , AREMAEROUIER | ARMACAAVARA A , BA SHBRARHTA ; SRB BRECON” , EAE WMS , RARE TRAECE 6 MATCHING #2Bcea 6.1 BSS4hSiSBce ( Matching2 # ) Which paragraph contains the following information? ceP6s Write the correct letter, A-J, in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet. 1 the location of the first cinema how cinema came to focus on stories the speed with which cinema has changed how cinema teaches us about other cultures 2 3 4 5 the attraction of actors in films aR BEBE 1. BR, BB NB Vv 2. REET , HORA SS 3. MS SHEE 4, RE SMOOENE NR yo ° 5. FRRUAREOORRREHE AND answer (MH) a @ al Pisa 2 how cinema came to focus on sto, x : xP =CE 9 Storylines were important in very early cinema. ( YIN/NG ) —1 RABE SREB: overview /pastiintroduction/initiation/orientation/main idea/view/concepl! RARE: future / solution / conclusion / suggest or suggestion / Summaryiprediction EEE SRBM RIES HETRANE 1. Wee 2. WRaAURARIT 3. PISGERRANIER 4. MTSE RSI 5. SFHRANARES SH 1. SGA RINE 2. SUGAR (IGE, GTR... ) 3. STIG FSS 4. THAT 5. SCMESRANS TALE 6. BASICCE ABE (C5. P22. Q14-19) 14-19 Reading passage has 9 paragraphs. A-H Which paragraph contains the following information? 14. A biological explanation of the teacher-subjects’ behavior 15, The explanation Milgram gave the teacher-subjects for the experiment 16, The identity of the pupils 17. The expected statistical outcome 18, The general aim of sociabiological study 19, The way Milgram persuaded the teacher subjects to continue. 62 ie (Eee ) aed ‘HE, 2B NB SP ATTAUERUAE , S328 Pee ERB SR Questions 23-26 ( C5P25) Complete the summary using the list of words, A-K, below. Write the correct letter, A-K, in boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet. ‘THE TRANSPORT REVOLUTION Ry Modem cargo-handling methods have had a significant effect on 23 SS s the business of moving freight around the word becomes inceasingly treaty Manufacturers of computers, for instance, are able to import 24. ne overseas, rather than having to rely on a local supplier. The introduction ons ages. has meant that bulk cargo can be safely and efficiently moved ove distances. While international shipping is now efficient, there is still a estore to reduce ips 26 .ennsnsnns i OFder to free up the domestic cargo sect A. tariffs B_ components c ca D_ output E employees F iggoxanve costs G trade H_ freight fares J software K_ international stan ay E To see how this influences tr ider the business of making disk drives for ‘computers. Most of the world's hive manufacturing is concentrated in South-east <—_—=x i £@£& & « .CE Asia. This is possible only because disk drives, while valuable, are small and light and so cost litle to ship. Computer manufacturers in Japan or Texas will not face hugely bigger freight bills if they import drives from Singapore rather than purchasing them on the domestic market. H The shipping container transformed ocean shipping into a highly efficient, intensely ‘competitive business. But getting the cargo to and from the dock was a different story. National governments, by and large, Kept a much firmer hand on truck and railroad tariffs, than on charges for ocean freight. Soe SPREE BENET -EERURA 6.3 #S3AcRA ( Matching1 # ) “ASR + BY RHAAC + DASBEC + Tear ] a ABC SAP #1 : (C4, Pad, Q5-9) ve Match each statement with the correct person A-E Ru NB You may use any letter more than once 6. Endangered langueges cannot be saved ugktaSGebple lear o speak mere than one language se 6. Saving languages from extinction is, one a satisfactory goal 7. The way we think may be deter ‘our language 8. Young people often reject the onthe way of life in their community 6.3.1 RUE IBA aA, MRSA RA NB: you may use any letter more than once BERENS 63.2 ASCE ree aed eet) ABBE #1 = (C4, P44. 5-9) 44CE Match each statement with the correct person A-E NB You may use any letter more than once 5. Endangered languages cannot be saved unless people learn to speak more than one language 6. Saving languages from extinction is not in itself a satisfactory goal. 7. The way we think may be determined by our language 8. Young people often reject the established way of life in their community, 9. Achange of language may mean a loss of traditional culture ‘A Michael Krauss MK B_ Salikoko Mufwene SM C Nicholas Ostler No D. Mark Pagel MP. E Doug Whalen Dw MK-~ The critically endangered languages are those that are only spoken by the elderly, according to Michael Krauss No- It begins with a crisis of confidence, when a small community finds itself alongside a larger, wealthier society, says Nicholas Ostler, of Britain's Foundation for Endangered Languages, in Bath. ‘People lose faith in their culture,” he says. ‘When the next generation reaches their teens, they might not want to be induced into the old traditions.” Dw-- “The key to fostering diversity is for people to learn their ancestral tongue, as well as the dominant language,’ says Doug Whalen, founder and president of the Endangered Language Fund in New Haven, Connecticut. ‘Most of these languages will not survive without a large degree of bilingualism,’ he says. MP oO At the moment, we are heading for about three or four languages dominating the ro saye Mark Pagel an evolutionary Blog tthe Uriveriy of Renan, Tae extinction, and whether we will ever rebound from the loss is difficult to know,” “Your brain and mine are different from the brain of some one who ehch, for instance,’ Pagel says, and this could affect our thoughts and perceptions 5. Endangered languages cannot be saved unless people eam fp speak more than one language- 6. Saving languages from extinction is not in itself a satisfactaty goal. —-B 7. The way we think may be determined by our languag 8. Young people often reject the established way of wpe ony 9. A change of language may mean a loss of mags ture -B 1 ay BONE AS ALAND ARH ( ren 45CE aL RR! 63.3 PMG EER el (2 (ERED) FRUSEEAZANIES . Hostels PERCEMAMEIES , OAT SE Questions 5-10 (C5P64) Classify the following features as characterising A the ‘Headstart’ programme B__ the ‘Missouri’ programme C both the ‘Headstart’ and the ‘Missouri’ programmes D__ neither the ‘Headstart’ nor the ‘Missouri’ programme Write the correct letter A, B, C or D in boxes 5-10 on your answer sheet. 5 was administered to a variety of poor and wealthy families 6 continued with follow-up assistance in elementary schools 7 did not succeed in its aim 8 supplied many forms of support and training to parents 9 received insufficient funding 10. was designed to improve pre-schoolers’ educational development Passage: C —‘Headstart'-- Despite substantial funding, results have been disap oi D —“Missouri-—-The four-year pilot study included 380 families where about to have their first child and who represented a cross-section of socio-economic stalus, age and gamily configuration A ‘The programme involved trained parent-educators visiting agg ’ home and working with the parent, or parents, and the child. We the a E The results were phenomenal. By the age of ren in the programme were significantly more advanced in language di t than their peers, had made greater strides in problem solving and other int | skills, and were further along in social development. C In an attempt to overcome that ional under-achievement, a nationwide programme called ‘Headstart’ was lau the United States in 1965, D Asa result of the growing evidence of the importance of the first three 48CE years of a child's life and the disappointing results from ‘Headstart’, a pilot programme was launched in Missouri in the US that focused on parents as the child's first teachers. The ‘Missouri’ programme was predicated on research showing that working with the family Write the correct letter A, B, C or D in boxes 5-10 on your answer sheet. 5 was administered to a variety of poor and wealthy families = B 6 continued with follow-up assistance in elementary schools D. 7 didnot succeed in its aim A 8 supplied many forms of support and training to parents B 9 received insufficient funding D 10. was designed to improve pre-schoolers’ educational development —C TIP PRBOVEARA , BARAT , BARRE , OS RE. aL! 63.4 HARARE 2-PeARRE , Be Tie ATER FENB IFRDY , (APTRERRER RETR sa [e025 R2Sa Lith a7CE PROBE Questions 24-27 (C5P47) Complete each sentence with the correct ending A-G below. Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 24-27 on your answer sheet. 24 One of the brain’s most difficult tasks is to 25 Because of the language they have developed, humans. 26 Individual responses to humour 27 Peter Derks believes that humour react to their own thoughts. helped create language in humans. respond instantly to whatever is happening. may provide valuable information about the operation of the brain. cope with difficult situations relate to a person’s subjective views. led our ancestors to smile and then laugh ormmooa> 24, Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain, animal or human. c 25. All warm-blooded animals make constant tiny adjustments in arousal in response to external events, but humans, who have developed a much more complicated internal life as a result of language, respond emotionally not only to their surroundings, but to their ‘own thoughts. A 26. Whether a joke gives pleasure or pain depends on a person's outlook. F 27. As Peter Decks, a psychologist at Wiliam and Mary College in Virginia, say: ke (CO think of humour as the distorted mirror of the mind. It's creative, perceptual, analyti Gp lingual. If we can figure out how the mind processes humour, then we'll have a pi d handle on how it works in general’—ee 7 List of Headings ( LOH ) FRistneiea 1. JGR LOH 2. URES LOH AOWPREZE SR 3. AAEM 4, BERNE 5. SRBMBAG 6. BRRABER 7. ASABE Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A-H. Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A and C-H from the list of headings below. oot List of Headings i Scientists’ call for a revision of policy ii An explanation for reduced water use ili How a global challenge was met iv Irigation systems fall nto disuse Vv Environmental effects 205 vi The financial cost of recent technological improvements SS) The relevance to health Addressing the concern over increasing populations Ls” ix Asurprising downward trend in demand for water, x The need to raise standards Xe xi Adescription of ancient water supplies SsCR 14 Paragraph A Example Answer Paragraph B iii 15 Paragraph C 16 Paragraph D 17 Paragraph E 18 Paragraph F 19 Paragraph G 20 Paragraph H 71 BSR SOIT He EET LATEST La BEA 7.2 BER ae a ELOHPHEHOT | 0 apccee ha op RCE ina =a Kws t LUERDIF (GEIR, EE)CR 7.3 Sea) SOsRELEO PRRLIIUEE (24 ) RE sath : ED sRISiON aOSREE {il 6 Test3 Passage Reading 2. Q 14 KEY POINT TWO The literature on goal-setting theory suggests that managers should ensure that all ‘employees have specific goals and receive comments on how well they are doing in those goals. For those with high achievement needs, typically a minority in any organisation. List of Headings i Ensure the reward system is fair ji Match rewards to individuals iii Ensure targets are realistic iv Link rewards to achievement Vv Encourage managers to take more responsibility vi Recognise changes in employees’ performance over time Establish targets and give feedback Ensure employees are suited to their jobs RAMAVLSD suggest that... consider that believe that. recognize that show that... ie * BREAD , BAS TMINESAS LA ROARBED BUBUEE (89) BF ata : DRED.14 Testé Passage Reading 3 _Section C i The connection between health-care and other human rights ii The development of market-based health systems C iv Aproblem shared by every economically developed country v_ The impact of recent change ~ The views of the medical establishment The end of an illusion ‘Sustainable economic development However ,at exactly the same time as this new realization of the finite character of health-care resources was sinking in ,an awareness of a contrary kind was developing in Western societies:that people have a basic right to health-care as a necessary condition of a proper human life .Like education D Although the language of ‘rights’ sometimes leads to confusion, by the late 1970s it was recognised in most societies that people have a right to health-care (though there has been considerable resistance in the United States to the idea that there is a formal right to health-care). It is also accepted that this right generates an obligation or duty for the state to ensure that adequate health-care resources are provided out of the public purse. The state PaRRHOERIE ee) C7T1 Passage Reading 2 < making every drop count> Q 16 Paragraph D Vv Section C Yet there is a dark side to this picture:... Preventable water-related SD kill an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 children every day and the latest evidence. © Section D ‘Th consequence of our water policies extend beyond iekgasina human health, Tens of millions of people have been forced to move from thar fiomies-often....more than 20% of all freshwater. WORMS , HALLE Y i RDARBLGD 3 XS BLUR ( 93-81) RE xP EEE 53CE Sata%s : GUE C6T2Passage Reading 1. < The Advantages of Public Transport > Q4 D_ Newman believes one of the best studies on how cities built for cars might be converted to rail use is The Urban Village report, which used Melbourne as an example. It found that pushing everyone into the city centre was not the best approach. Instead, the proposal advocated the creation of urban villages at hundreds of sites, mostly around railway stations List of Headings i Avoiding an overcrowded centre ii Asuccessful exercise in people power ii’ The benefits of working together in cities iv Higher incomes need not mean more cars, Vv Economic arguments fail to persuade vi__ The impact of telecommunications on population distribution Increases in travelling time Responding to arguments against public transport RSRABLLED C6TARS B_ Bullying is clearly unpleasant, and can make the child experiencing it feel unworthy and depressed. In extreme cases it can even lead to suicide, though this is thankfully rare. Victimised pupils are more likely to experience difficulties with interpersonal relationships as adults, while children who persistently bully are more likely to grow up to be physically, violent, and convicted of anti-social offences. List of Headings i The role of video violence ii The failure of government policy ili Reasons for the increased rate of bullying iv Research into how common bullying is in British schools v__ The reaction from schools to enquiries about bullying vi_ The effect of bullying on the children involved vii Developments that have led to a new approach by Section A Voleanoes are the ultimate e: 7.4 SERS LOH RAE e Y?CE top of. But the classic eruption...is only of a tiny part of global story. Volcanoes have not only made the continents, they are also thought to have made the world's first stable atmosphere and provided all the water for the oceans. What comes out of volcanic craters is mostly gas. More than... RS—-RURENE—D Bare 75 7AiRaoa RS , ASSES C3P42_ iii farming and soil erosion C5P85vi_ the economic benefits of mass tourism FAME C5P85_ i The expar of international tourism in recent years. 8a See BSGeR4n RRA Bea 1. List of Headings 2. Matching 3. True/False/Not Given 4, Multiple ChoiceCE 5. Summary 6. Sentence Completion 7. Short-answer Questions 8. Diagram/Flow Chart/Table SSONRBS-——2S , FAKE MiSPSEL BES Bidet FBR SAR eR BER