Ayesa Mielle D.
Maneclang
Geometry
Reviewer
I. Kinds of Triangles and their Parts
BASIC PARTS OF TRIANGLE
Sample Questions:
Two lines intersect perpendicularly producing one angle that measures (12x – 36) ˚. What is the value of x?
SOLUTION:
Two lines intersect perpendicularly = right angle or 90 ˚
90 ˚= (12x – 36) ˚
90 ˚= 12 (10.5) - 36 ˚
90 ˚ = 90 ˚
x= 10.5
Orthocenter - point of concurrency of the three
altitudes of triangle
SOLUTION:
It is an isosceles triangle so two sides are equal (sides AC and BC)
AB= 32
AC= 38
BC= 38 = 6x-28
38 = 6 (11) – 28
38 = 38
x= 11 xD
II. Sum of the Measures of the Interior Angles of a Polygon
The sum of interior angles of a triangle is equal to 180°
S= (n-2) x 180
Polygon Name Number of Interior Angles Sum of Interior Angles = (n-2) x
180°
Triangle 3 180°
Quadrilateral 4 360°
Pentagon 5 540°
Hexagon 6 720°
Heptagon 7 900°
Octagon 8 1080°
Nonagon 9 1260°
Decagon 10 1440°
1. What is the measure of the third angle of a triangle if the measures of the two angles are?
a. 46º, 82º
b. 51 ½º, 67 ½º
Solutions: Let x be the measure of the third angle
a. x + (46º + 82º) = 180 º
x + 128º = 180º
x = 180º - 128º
x = 52º, measure of the third angle
b. x + (51 ½ º + 67 ½ º) = 180º
x + 119º = 180º
x = 180º - 119º
x =61º, measure of the third angle
The sum of the measures of the exterior angles of a triangle one on each vertex is equal to 360 º
Find the number of sides in each regular polygon with exterior angle.
Formula: 360/n
1. 360/90= 4 sides
2. 360/45= 8 sides
3. 360/36= 10 sides
Find how many sides does a regular polygon if each angle measures:
Formula: (180-n) if you get the answer divide n from 360.
1. 180-120= 60 360/60= 6 sides
2. 180-90= 90 360/90= 4 sides
3. 180-135= 45 360/45= 8 sides
Find the sum of the measures of the exterior angles one of each vertex, of each of the following convex
polygon.
If a polygon is convex, then the sum of the measures of the exterior angles, one at each vertex, is 360°.
Find the measure of each angle of any polygons.
Formula: (n-2)180 divided by number of sides of polygon.
1. (5-2)180= 540/5= 108
2. (4-2)180= 360/4= 90
SAMPLE QUESTIONS:
1. The measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is (20x-54) ˚ while the remote interior angles of the same
triangle measures [10(x-1)]˚ and (4x+16)˚. What is the value of x?
SOLUTION: CHECK:
20x – 54= 10 (x-1) + 4x+16 20x – 54= 10 (x-1) + 4x+16
20x – 54= 14x + 6 20 (10) – 54= 10 (10-1) + 4(10) +16
20x – 54 = 14x + 6 + 54 146 = 146
20x – 54 = 14x + 60
20x -14x=14x + 60 - 14x
6x = 60
6x/6 = 60/6
x = 10
III. Perimeter of a Triangle, Square, Trapezoid, Rectangle and Parallelograms And
Circumference of a Circle
PERIMETER OF TRIANGLE:
GENERAL TRIANGLE: a + b + c
ISOSCELES TRIANGLE: m + m + n
EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE: 3s
POLYGON WITH 4 DIFFERENT SIDES: w + x + y + z
SQUARE: P= 4s
RECTANGLE: P= l + l + w + w or 2l + 2w or 2(l + w)
PARALLELOGRAM: a + a + b + b or 2a + 2b or 2(a +b)
CIRCUMFERENCE OF A CIRCLE: 2 π r
SAMPLE QUESTIONS:
1. An Isosceles trapezoid has a base which is two less than the other base and the same shorter base is equal to
the sum of the two legs. If the perimeter of the said isosceles trapezoid is 26cm, what is the measure of a leg?
P= a + b + c + d
26= a + b + c + d
A= 2 less than x A= 2 less than D P= 8 + 4 + 4 + 10
B= A-C ANS: 4 cm 1 leg
B C C= A-B
D= A+ 2
D P= 26
2. The length of a rectangle is 4 less than three times its width. If the perimeter of the rectangle is 272, what are
the dimensions?
SOLUTION:
L= 3w-4 L= 3w – 4
P= 272 l= 3(35) – 4
P= 2L + 2W l= 101
272= 2 (3w – 4) + 2w
272= 6w – 8
8w= 280
W= 35
IV. Area of a Triangle, Square, Rectangle and Parallelograms
RECTANGLE: lw
SQUARE: s2
PARALLELOGRAM: bh
TRIANGLE: ½ bh
TRAPEZOID: ½ h (b1 + b1)
CIRCLE: r2
SAMPLE QUESTIONS:
1. If the base of a quadrilateral is 4times longer than that of the height, how long is the base if the area of the
parallelogram is 576cm²?
A= bh Height = b/4
576 cm² = (4x) (x) = 48/4
576 cm² = 4x2 Height = 12
576 x 4= 2304
Sq. root of 2304= 48
Base= 48
SOLUTION:
1. Step 1: Find the area of square.
A= s2
= 2x2
= 4cm2
Step 2: Find the area of rectangle:
A= lw
= 3x2
= 6cm2
Step 3: To find the area, add the area of rectangle and the area of square.
6cm2 + 4cm2= 10 cm2
2. Step 1: Find the area of square 1
A= s2
= 3x3
= 9 cm2
Step 2: Find the area of square 2
A= s2
= 22
= 4 cm2
Step 3: To find the area, add the area of square 1 and the area of square 2.
9cm2 + 4cm2= 13 cm2
4. Step 1: Find the area of semicircle.
A= π r2 /2
= 3.14 x 152/2
= 353.25
Since there are 2 semicircles, multiply 353.25 into 2= 706.5
Step 2: Find the area of the rectangle.
A= lw
= 60x30
= 1800 cm2
Step 3: To get the final area, add the area of 2 semicircles and rectangle.
706.5 cm2 + 1800 cm2= 2506.5 cm2
1. Step 1: Find the area of the bigger circle.
A= π r2
= π 82
= 64 π cm2
Step 2: Find the area of the smaller circle.
A= π r2
= π 62
= 36 π cm2
Step 3: Subtract the area of two circles.
64 π cm2– 36 π cm2 = 28 π cm2
V. Surface Area of a Cube, Prisms, and Pyramids
Surface Area of a Cylinder, Cone and Sphere
CUBE: 6s2
RECTANGULAR PRISM: 2B + LA or 2 (lh) + 2 (lw) + 2 (hw)
TRIANGULAR PRISM: 2B + LA or [2 (1/2) (L) (base) + 2 (h) (one side of triangle) + (l) (h)]
SQUARE PYRAMID: B + 4 (bh/2)
RECTANGULAR PYRAMID: B + 2A1 +2A2 or B + (b1 + h1) + (b2 + h2)
TRIANGULAR PYRAMID: B + LA
CYLINDER: 2πr2 + 2πrh
CONE: πr2 + πrs
SPHERE: 4πr2
SAMPLE QUESTIONS:
What is the length of a candy box having a surface area of 88 cm 2, height of 2 cm and a width of 4 cm?
6 cm
VI. VOLUME
CUBE: e3
RECTANGULAR PRISM: BH or LWH
TRIANGULAR PRISM: ½ BH x H
PYRAMID: 1/3 BH
CYLINDER: V = Bh or V = r2h.
1 1
CONE: 3 Bh or V = 3 π r2h
4
SPHERE: 3 π r3
SAMPLE QUESTION:
How much volume of fresh milk is needed to fill up a half part of the spherical cup having a diameter of 10 cm ?
4
V= 3 π r3
V= 4/3 (3.14) (5)3
V= 523. 33
523.33/ 2
= 261.67
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