2021
Republic of the Philippines
CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY
Bacoor City Campus
SHIV, Molino VI, City of Bacoor
ITEC 70:
MULTIMEDIA
SYSTEM
PAOLO M. RODRIGUEZ
INSTRUCTOR
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER STUDIES
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The premier university in historic Cavite recognized for
excellence in the development of globally competitive and
morally upright individuals.
Republic of the Philippines
CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY Bacoor City
Campus
SHIV, Molino VI, City of Bacoor PAOLO M. RODRIGUEZ
Instructor, ITEC 70: Multimedia System
[email protected] COURSE DESCRIPTION
ITEC 70 – Multimedia System
This is an introductory course in digital media. It is intended
for students from all backgrounds who are interested in
MISSION learning the foundational scientific concepts and the basic
techniques of digital media production.
Cavite State University shall provide excellent, equitable and
relevant educational opportunities in the arts, science and Knowing about the connection between scientific concepts
technology through quality instruction and relevant research and applications will help you in making educated guesses,
rather than relying on defaults or recipes, in using tools and
and development activities.
techniques in application programs. The practical component
It shall produce professional, skilled and morally upright
of the course is organized around learning about, and using
individuals for global competitiveness. various software for manipulating digital sound, digital
images, and digital video.
VISION
PROGRAM OUTCOMES ADDRESSED BY 6. Demonstrate competence in using editing software
programs;
THE COURSE. AFTER COMPLETING THIS 7. Apply gain skills necessary for the study of advanced
COURSE, THE STUDENTS MUST BE ABLE concepts and techniques in multimedia; 8. Develop skills
involving design, manipulation, and animation; and
TO: 9. Demonstrate the use of animation, digitalized sound, video
control, and scanned images.
1. Attain the vision, mission, goals and objectives of the
university, campus and department; COURSE REQUIREMENTS
2. Deliver a gender fair and gender sensitive instruction to
students aligned with University goals and objectives;
3. Understand the core concepts of multimedia; 4. Learn the
1. Major Examinations
fundamental conceptual skills for effective visual
communication; 2. Student’s Portfolio/Quizzes/Activities
5. Formulate a working definition of interactive multimedia; 3. Class Participation
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Republic of the Philippines
CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY
Bacoor City Campus
SHIV, Molino VI, City of Bacoor
MODULE 04: THE NEED FOR IMAGES
After the completion of the unit, students will be able to:
1. understand the importance of image in multimedia applications; and
2. demonstrate different image techniques appropriately.
3. familiarize Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Lightroom Interface; and
4. use Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Lightroom tools appropriately.
IMAGES
2.1 The Need for Images
Multimedia applications should be developed in a more attractive way. Multimedia applications
“come to life” if it has good, useful images.
It is not exciting to just READ. It would be more exciting to SEE pictures that will describe the
subject matter. The image below shows how image can affect the excitement of the people
who will see it.
Figure 4.1. Text vs Text and Image
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2.2 Using Image Appropriately
The trick to good multimedia application designs is to match the image with the intended
message or theme. We do not want to use images that are “extra” to the screen. These types
of images are just useless decoration.
In multimedia, knowing how to capture, select and use the right images are essential.
2.3 Where do we Get Images?
There are ways to get images; you can capture it your own or get it from online image
galleries.
Capturing Images (Digital Camera & DSLR)
The only way to capture digital images is with a digital camera.
Point and Shoot. These camera are compact, small and portable, and suitable for casual and
“snapshot” use. Images taken by this camera are stored in JPEG format. Some features of it
are as follows:
▪ Resolution of 3 – 15 megapixels or more
▪ Built-in flash
▪ Memory card slot for external storage
▪ Live preview on an LCD screen to frame the photo
▪ Autofocus, macro, and zoom capability
▪ Self Timer
Digital Camera vs. Film Cameras. Film cameras are also useful, but images would still have to
be processed and scanned to become a digital form. Digital cameras are more advantageous
over film cameras. It displays images on a screen immediately and can store thousands of
images on a single small memory device. It can also preview what has been stored, Delete
images to free storage space and can perform basic image manipulation and editing.
DSLR vs. Point and Shoot. Digital Single-Lens Reflex camera are more expensive, heavier,
and bigger but give better resolution, quality, and focus. SLRs have a faster shutter speed.
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It does not have much of a delay when clicking several snaps consecutively. SLRs allow you
to change lenses according to what you need to shoot Landscape photos – wide-angle lens,
Pugs and flowers – macro lens, and Animals – telephoto lens. SLRs take high quality photos
even in low lighting (without the flash). Taking pictures is within your control if you use an SLR.
Other Camera Devices
Digital cameras are also incorporated into many other devices today. We can use
webcam, video cameras and mobile phones to capture images.
Transferring Images
Images from a digital camera need to be transferred to the computer so that you can
print them, share them with others, and back them up for safe keeping. There are two
ways to transfer images: via USB Cable or via Memory Card and Memory Card
Reader.
Online Image Galleries
Online galleries or database provide royalty-free stock photos. Examples are iStockPhoto,
Flickr, and Shutterstock. Royalty-free means that you will pay a one-time to use the image
multiple times for multiple purposes (with limits). No one can have exclusive rights of a
Royalty-free image. The photographer can sell the image as many times as he/she wants.
2.4 Image Editing
Through image editing, photos can be enhanced and manipulated. Below are different image
editing techniques that can be done depending on how you would like your image would look
like.
Straightening
Straightening is about rotating a picture a few degrees to straighten. This will make the picture
more accurate representation of the object.
Figure 4.2. Straightening
Cropping
Cropping refers to the removal of some parts of an image that may be unnecessary or clutter.
It is usually done to improve framing, accentuate the subject matter and change the aspect
ratio.
Figure 4.3. Cropping
Adjusting Brightness and Contrast
Brightness means how much bright or dark an image is while contrast means how sharp or
dull an image is.
Figure 4.4. Adjusting Brightness and Contrast
Removing Red-Eye
Red-eye occurs when the flash is too close to the person. This effect happens mostly in people
who have no “eyeshine” - usually those people with blue, green or gray eyes.
Figure 4.5. Removing Red-Eye
Adjusting Color Modes
Color modes are models that define the colors of the picture. It can be Colored, Grayscale or
Sepia.
Colored Grayscale Sepia
Figure 4.6. Color Modes
Adjusting Saturation
Saturation is defined as the amount of gray in a particular color. A colored image with more
gray is considered less saturated, while a bright colored image, with little gray in it, is
considered highly saturated.
Ideal Saturation Low Saturation High Saturation Figure 4.7. Adjusting Saturation
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Adjusting Temperature
The temperature of an image is often a reflection of the lighting. Warm temperature creates an
image that is more yellowish or orange while a cool temperature creates an image that is more
greenish or bluish.
Original Cool temperature Warm Temperature Figure 4.8. Adjusting Temperature
Adjusting Exposure
Low lighting leads to under-exposed picture or very dark pictures. Extreme bright lights can
lead to over-exposed pictures.
Original Under-Exposed Over-Exposed Figure 4.9. Adjusting Exposure
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Selective Color Change
This technique shows us that we can change the color on selected portions of an image.
Figure 4.10. Selective Color Change
Blur and Sharpen
Blur and Sharpen effects are also used to accentuate the subject matter among a crowded or
cluttered background.
Figure 4.11. Blur and Sharpen
Photo Manipulation
Adding creative elements to an image like interesting backgrounds, shape, text, and other
images that overlap each other.
Original Manipulated
Figure 5.12. Photo Manipulation
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2.5 Tips in Editing Images
∙ Duplicate the original images first before applying any changes.
∙ Take your time in editing.
∙ Learn editing techniques from experts.
IMAGE EDITING SOFTWARES
3.1 Introduction
Images can be better and can be enhanced using different image editing
software or applications available in your laptops, desktop, or in mobile
phones. One of the best known image editing software is the Adobe
Photoshop.
3.2 Adobe Photoshop
Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphic editor developed and published by Adobe
Inc. available for Windows and macOS. It was originally created in 1988 by
Thomas and John Knoll.
Figure 5.1. Adobe Photoshop Logo
3.2.1 Photoshop Versions
Creative Suite
Photoshop CS was launched in the fall of 2003. It had great improvements in
the user’s control which made it very popular.
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Photoshop CS, CS2, CS3, CS4, CS5, CS6
Creative Cloud
Starting in June 2013, the Adobe Creative Cloud was launched online. The
program stopped being Photoshop CS (Creative Suite) and became
Photoshop CC (Creative Cloud).
Photoshop CC
5.2.2 Adobe Photoshop Interface
Figure 5.2. Adobe Photoshop Interface (CS6)
The Document Window
The Document window is the large area in the center of the interface where the
image is displayed. It's also where we edit the image. The actual area where
the image is visible is known as the canvas.
Menu Bar
The Menu Bar is where we find various options and commands. For example
the File menu, holds options for opening, saving and closing documents. The
Layer menu lists options for working with layers. Photoshop's many filters are
found under the Filter menu, and so on.
Toolbar
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Toolbar is also known as toolbox or tools panel. Toolbar holds all of Adobe
Photoshop tools. There are different tools that can be used for editing and
retouching images, for adding text and more.
The Panels
Panels can be found on the right side of the Photoshop’s interface. It holds the
most important panel which is the Layers panel. Layers panel is where we add,
delete, or re-arrange layers in the document.
The Zoom Level and Status Bar
At the bottom left of the interface, the current zoom level is displayed together
with the Status Bar. The status Bar displays the color profile of the image.
5.2.3 Tools and Function
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Selection Tools
The marquee tools make rectangular, elliptical, single row, and single
column selections.
The Move tool moves selections, layers, and guides.
The lasso tools make freehand, polygonal (straight-edged), and
magnetic (snap-to) selections.
The Quick Selection Tool Makes a selection based on color and texture
similarity when you click or click-drag the area you want to select.
The Magic Wand tool selects similarly colored areas.
Crop and Slice Tools
The Crop tool trims images.
The Slice tool creates slices.
The Slice Select tool selects slices.
Retouching Tools
The Spot Healing Brush tool removes blemishes and objects.
The Healing Brush tool paints with a sample or pattern to repair
imperfections in a image.
The Patch tool repairs imperfections in a selected area of an image
using a sample or pattern.
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The Red Eye tool removes the red reflection caused by a flash.
The Clone Stamp tool paints with a sample of an image.
The Pattern Stamp tool paints with part of an image as a pattern.
The Eraser tool erases pixels and restores parts of an image to a
previously saved state
The Background Eraser tool erases areas to transparency by dragging.
The Magic Eraser tool erases solid-colored areas to transparency with a
single click.
The Blur tool blurs hard edges in an image.
The Sharpen tool sharpens soft edges in an image.
The Smudge tool smudges data in an image.
The Dodge tool lightens areas in an image.
The Burn tool darkens areas in an image.
The Sponge tool changes the color saturation of an area.
Painting Tools
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The Brush tool paints brush strokes.
The Pencil tool paints hard-edged strokes.
The Color Replacement tool replaces a selected color with a new color
The Mixer Brush tool Simulates realistic painting techniques such as
blending canvas colors and varying paint wetness.
The History Brush tool paints a copy of the selected state or snapshot
into the current image window.
The Art History Brush tool paints with stylized strokes that simulate the
look of different paint styles, using a selected state or snapshot.
The gradient tools create straight-line, radial, angle, reflected, and
diamond blends between colors.
The Paint Bucket tool fills similarly colored areas with the foreground
color.
Drawing and Type Tools
The path selection tools make shape or segment selections showing
anchor points, direction lines, and direction points.
The type tools create type on an image.
The type mask tools create a selection in the shape of type.
The pen tools let you draw smooth-edged paths.
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The shape tools and Line tool draw shapes and lines in a normal layer or
a shape layer.
The Custom Shape tool makes customized shapes selected from a
custom shape list.
Navigation, Notes and Measuring Tools
The Hand tool moves an image within its window.
The Rotate View tool non-destructively rotates the canvas.
The Zoom tool magnifies and reduces the view of an image
The Note tool makes notes that can be attached to an image.
The Eyedropper tool samples colors in an image.
The Color Sampler tool displays color values for up to four areas.
The Ruler tool measures distances, locations, and angles.
The Count tool counts objects in an image.
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3.3 Adobe Lightroom
It is a photo editing and management computer program developed by Adobe
Systems, designed to assist users in managing large quantities of digital
images and doing post production work.
Lightroom combines photo management and editing in one interface.
Lightroom and Photoshop share many of the same photo editing capabilities
but with very different strengths.
Lightroom's closest competitor is Apple's Aperture program which similarly
provides photo management and non-destructive editing capabilities.
Figure 5.3. Adobe Lightroom Logo
3.3.1 Adobe Lightroom Interface
Figure 5.4. Adobe Lightroom Interface
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Title Bar
The Title Bar shows the name of the current catalog, along with the standard
window buttons. If it goes missing, along with the minimize/maximize/close
buttons, press Shift-F once or twice to cancel the Full Screen modes.
Identity Plate
The Identity Plate allows you to add your own branding to your catalogs. You’ll
find the settings under the Edit menu (Windows) / Lightroom menu (Mac) >
Identity Plate Setup.
Panels
Panels can be opened and closed by clicking on the panel header. If you right-
click on the panel header, you can show/hide specific panels. In that right-click
menu you’ll also find Solo Mode, which automatically closes a panel when you
open another panel in the same panel group. It’s particularly useful when
working on a small screen.
Show/Hide Panel Groups
The left and right hand sides are called panel groups.
If you click on the black bars along the outer edges of the screen, you can
show/hide the left/right panel groups, as well as the Module Picker and the
Filmstrip. Right-clicking on the black bars gives additional options
Breadcrumb Bar
The breadcrumb bar has controls for the secondary window, as well as
information about the selected source folder or collection, the number of
photos in the current view and the number of selected photos. If you click on it,
there’s a list of recent sources for easy access.
Module Picker
The Module Picker gives you access to the Library, Develop, Map, Book,
Slideshow, Print and Web modules. The selected module is highlighted, and
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you can click on another module name to switch modules. If you right-click on
a module name, you can hide modules from view.
Filter Bar
When viewing Grid view, the Filter Bar will appear above the thumbnails. It
allows you to filter the current view to only show photos meeting your chosen
criteria. If it goes missing, press the \ key on your keyboard. You can also
access frequently used filters by clicking the word Filter on the Filmstrip.
Preview Area
The central area of the screen is the Preview Area or main work area.
Toolbar
The Toolbar gives easy access to often used tools. Press T on your keyboard
if it goes missing, and click on the arrow at the right hand end to choose which
tools show in the Toolbar.
Filmstrip
The Filmstrip is available in all modules and shows the set of photos you’re
currently viewing. When you select a different photo in the Filmstrip, the main
Preview Area will be updated too.
3.3.2 Sidebar Shortcuts
G = Grid View
E = Loupe View
C = Compare View
N = Survey View
Tab = Show/Hide Side Panels
Shift+Tab = Show/Hide AllPanels
Shift+F = Full Screen Mode
T = Show/Hide Toolbar
\ = Show/Hide Filter Bar
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