f (t 1) B.Sc. - THIRD YEAR CHEMISTRY ‘There shall be three written papers and a practical examination as follows: Max. Marks “Peper=| Inorganic Chemisty % Paper-tl Organic Chemistry 6 Paper—Ill Physical Chemistry B TOTAL 225 PRACTICAL 75 GRAND TOTAL 309 Candidate will be required to pass in Theory and Practical Separately. A 4 ae Drs han ( Gee Yok,B.Sc. — Il emistiy (Paper-l) Inorganic Chemistry = Wv. vi. vil. vil, Metal-ligand bonding in Transition Metal Complexes Limitations of valance bond theory, an elementary idea of crystal field theory, crystal field splitting in octahedral, tetrahedral and square pianner complexes, factors affecting the erystal-ield parameters. Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects of Metal Complexes A brief outline of thermodynamics stability of metal complexes and factors affecting the stability, stabilty constants of complexes and their determination, substitution reactions of square planar complexes. Magnetic Properties of Transition Metal Complexes Types of magnetic behavior, methods of determining magnetic susceptibility, spin-only formula, L-S coupling, correlation of us and pey values, orbital contribution to magnetic moments, application of magnetic moment data for 3d- metal complexes. Electronic spectra of Transition Metal Complexes Types of olectronic transitions, selection rules for d-d transitions, spectroscopic ground states, spectrochemical series, Orgel-eneray level diagram for d’ anc d? states, discussion of the electronic spectrum of [T(H-O)<]°* complex ion. Unit= itt Organometallic Chemistry Definition, nomenciature and classification of organometallic compounds, Preparation, propertiss, bonding and applicetions of alky's and aryls of Li, Al, Hg, Sn. Metal carbonyls: 18 electron rule, preparation, siructure and nature of bonding in the mononuclear carbonyls. Silicones and Phosphazenes Silicone. ed phosphazenes as examples of inorganic polymers, nature of bonding in triphosphazenes. Unit= Iv Hard and Soft Acids and Bases (HSAB) Classitication of acids and bases as hard and soft, Pearson's HSAB concept acid-base strength and hardness and softness, Symbiosis, theoretical basis o! hardness and sofiness, electro negativity and hardness and softness. Bioinorganic Chemistry Essential and trace elements in biological processes, metalloporphyrins with special reference to hemoglobin and myoglobin, Biological role of alkali and alkalinecearth metal ions with special reference io Ca’Organic Chemistry 1 Vv. f (é B.Sc. ~ Ill Chemistry (Paper-tl) Spectroscopy Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Proion magnetic resonance ('H NMR) spectroscopy, nuclear shielding and deshielding, chemical s! molecular structure, spin-spin splitting and coupling constants, areas of signals, interpretation of 'H NMR spectra of simple organic molecules such as ethyi bromide, ethanol, acetaldehyde, 1, 1, 2-tribromoethane, ethyl acetate, toluene and acetophenone, Problems pertaining to the structures elucidation of simple organic compounds using UV, IR and 'H NMR spectroscopio, techniques. Organometallic Compounds Organomagnesium compounds : the Grignard reagents, formation, structure and chemical reactions. Organozinc compounds: formation and chemical reactions. Organoiithium compounds: formation and chemical reactions. Organosulphur Compounds Nomenclature, structural formation, methods of formation and chemical reactions of thiols, thioethers, sulphonic acids, sulphonamides and Sulphaguanidine. Hetrocyctic Compounds Introduction : Molecular orbital picture and aromatic characteristics of pyrrole, furan, thiophene and pyridine, Methods of synthesis and chemical reactions with particular emphasis on the mechanism of electrophilic substitution, Mechanism of nucleophilic substitution reaction in pyridine derivatives, Comparison of basicity of pyridine, piperidine and pyrrole. Introduction to condensed five and six membered heterocycles, Preparation and react‘ons of indole, quinoline and isoquinoline with special reference to Fishor ‘le synthesis, Skraup synthesis and Bischler-Nepieralski synthesis, Mechas:s.° of eleciropnil¢ substitution reactions of indole, quinoline and isoquite Unit =I Carbohydrates Classification and nomenclature, Monosaccharides, mechanism of osazone formation, interconversion of glucose and fructose, chain lengthening and chain shortening of aldoses. Configuration of monosaccharides, Erythro and threo diastereomers, Conversion of glucose intro mannose, Formation of gleosides, ethers and esters, Determination of ring size of monosaccharides, Cyclic structure of D(+)-glucose, Mechanism of mutarotation. Structuses.of ribose and deoxyribose, An_ irt#SGuction to disaccharides (meltose, sucrose and lactose) and polysatcHatides (starch and cellulose) without involving structure determination. ce + eS bu hen 2. ONY wa LAN K@g ‘ve vit. vill. IX. Amino Acids, Peptides, Proteins and Nucleic Acids: Classification, structure and stereochemistry of amino acids, Acid-base behaviour isoelectric point and elecirophoresis, Preparation and reactions of o- amino acids, Structure and nomenclature of peplides and proteins, Classification of proteins, peptide structure determination, end group analysis, selective hydrolysis of peptides, classical peptide synthesis, solid-phase peptide synthesis, Structures of peptides and proteins, Levels of protein structure, Proiein denaturation’ renaturation; Nucleic acids : Introduction, constituents of nucleic acids, Ribonucleosides and ribonucleotides, The double helical structure of DNA. Unit—IV Fats, Oils and Detergents Natural fats, edible and industrial oils of vegetable origin, common fatty acids, glycerides, hydrogenation of unsaturated oils, Saponification value, iodine value, acid value, Soaps, synthetic detergents, alkyl and ary! sulphonates. Synthetic Polymers ‘Addition or chain-growth polymerization, Free radical vinyl polymerization, ionic vinyl polymerization, Ziegler-Natta polymerization end vinyl polymers, Condensation or step growth-polymerization, Polyesters, plyamides, phenol formaldehyde resins, urea formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins and polyurethanes, Natural and synthetic rubbers, Elementary idea of organic conducting polymers. Synthetic Dyes Colour and constitution (electronic Concept), Classification of dyes, Chemistry and synthesis of Methy! orange, Congo red, Malachite green, crystal violet, phenelphthalein, fluorescein, Alizarin and Indigo. Organic Synthesis via Enolates Acidity of o-hydrogens, alkylation of diethyl malonate and ethyl acetoacetate, Synthesis of ethyl acetoacetate: the Giaisen condensation, Keto-enol tautomerism of ethyl acetoacetate. Alkylation of 1, 3-dithianes, Alkylation and acylation of enamines.B.Sc. —Ill Chemistry (Paper-tll) Physical Chemistry. mM. Wv. Molecular Structur Introductory Quantum Mechanics: Black-body radiation, Planck's radiation law, photoelectric effect, heat capa of solids, Bohr's model of hydrogen atom (without derivation) their solution of overall solution and its defects, Compton effect, de-Broglie’s hypothesis, the Hoisenberg's uncertainty principle, Hamiltonian Operator. Spectroscopy: Introduction : electromagnetic radietion, regions of the spectrum, basic features of different specirophotorneters, statement of the _born-oppenh: approximation, degrees of freedom. Physical Properties and Molecular Structure: Optical activity, polarization ~ (Clausius — Mossotti equation), orientation of dipoles in an electric field, dipole moment, induced dipole moment, measurement of dipole moment-temperature method and refractivity method, dipole ~moment and structure of molecules, magnetic _proporties- paramagnetism, diamagnetism and ferromagnetic, Magnetic susceptbiliy, iis measurements and its importance. Unit=1 Elementary Quantum Mechanics: Schiddinger wave equation and its importance, physical interpretation of the wave function, postulates of quantum mechanics, particle in a one dimensional box. Schrddinger wave equation for H-atom, separation into three equations (without derivation), quantum numbers and their importance, hydrogen like wave functions, radial wave functions, angular wave functions, Molecular orbital theory, basic ideas ~ ctiteria for forming M.O. from AO., construction of M.0's by LCAO — "ion, calculation of energy levels from wave functions, physical picture of bonding and anti-bonding wave functions, concept of 6, o*, r, 2” orbitals and their characteristics, Hybrid orbitals — sp, sp’, sp’, calculation of coefficients of A.O's used in sp and sp* hybrid orbitals and interpretation of geometry Introduction to valence bond model of Hz, comparison of M.O. and V.B. models, Rotational Spectrum: Diatomic Molecules: Energy lovels of a tigid rotor (semi-classical principles), selection rules, spectral intensity, distibution using population distribution (Maxwell-Bolizmann distribution) determination of bond length, qualitative desoription of non-tigid rotor, isotope effect 5 > C 6é A Durst UA Qorat— Ne Jo, a1 \vi C1) Infrared Spectrum: Energy levels of simple harmonic oscillator, selection ules, pure vibrational spectrum, intensity, determination of force constant and qualitative relation of force constant and bond energies, effect of anharmonic motion and isotope on the spectrum, idea of vibrational frequencies of different functional groups Raman Spectrum : Concept of polarizability, pure rotational and pure vibrational Raman spectra of diatomic molecules, selection rules. Vibrational Spectrum : Electronic Spectrum : Concept o potential energy curves for bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals, qualitative description of selection rules and Franck-Condon principle. Qualitative description of o, x and n MO, their energy levels and the respective transition, Unit= Iv. (Photochemistry, Solutions, Dilute Solutions and Colligative Properties) Photochemistry Interaction of radietion with matter, difference between thermal and photochemical processes, Laws of photochemistry: Grothus — Drapper law. Stark ~ Einstein law, Jablonski diagram depicting various processes occurring in the excited state, qualitative description of fiuorescence, phosphorescence. non- radiative processes (intemal conversion, intersystem crossing), quantum yield, photosensitized reactions — energy transfer processes (simple examples), Kinetics of Photo chemical reaction. Solutions, Dilute Solutions and Colligative Properties: Ideal and non-ideal solutions, methods of expressing concentrations of solutions, activity and activity coefficient. Dilute solution, colligative properties, Raoult's law, relative lowering of vapour pressure, molecular weight determination, Osmosis, law of osmotic pressure and its measurement, determination of molecular weight from osmotic pressure, Elevation of boiling point and depression of freezing, Thermodynamic derivation of relation between molecular weight and elevation in boiling point and depression in freezing point. Experimental methods for determining various, coligative properties. v Abnormal molar mass, fan't Hoff factor, Colligative properties of degree of dissociation and association of solutes.B.Sc. —Ill (PRACTICAL) 160 hrs. (12 his week) Inorganic Chemistry Synthesis and Analysis: (a) Preparation of sodium trioxalator terrate (III), Na[Fe{C20.)s] and determination of its composition by permagonometry. (b) Preparation of Ni-DMG complex, [Ni(DMG)2] (c) Preparation of copper tetraammine complex. {(Cu(NHo),]SOx. (d) Preparation of cis-and trans-bisoxalato diaqua chromate (Ill) ion. Instrumentation: Colorimetry (a) Job's method (0) Mole-ratio method Adulteration — Food stuffs. Effiuent analysis, water analysis Solvent Extraction Separation and estimation of Mg(Il) and Fe({!) Jon Exchange Method Separation and estimation of Mg(tl) and Zn({t) Organic Chemistry : Laboratory Techniques: Steam Distillation Naphtalene from its suspension in water Clove' cil from cloves ‘Separation of o-and p-nitrophenols Column Chromatography Separation of fluorescein and methylene blue Separation of leaf pigments from spinach leaves Resolution of racemic mixture of (4) mandelic acid Qualitative Analysis Analysis of an organic mixture containing two solid components using water, NaHCOs, NaOH for separation and preparation of suitable derivatives Synthesis of Organic Compounds (a) Acetylation of salicylic acid, aniline, glucose and hydroquinone, Benzoylation of aniline and phenol (b) Aliphatic electrophilic substitution Preparation of iodoform from ethanol and acetone (c) Aromatic electrophilic substitution Nitration Proparation of m-dinitrobenzenePreparation of p-nitroacetanilide Halogenation Preparation of p-bromoacetanilide Preparation of 2, 4, 6-trlbromophenol (¢)__Diazotization/coupling Preparation of methyl orange and methyl red (e) Oxidation Preparation of benzoic acid irom toluence (f, Reduction Proparation of aniline from nitrobenzene Preparation of m-nitroaniline from m-dinitrobenzene Stereochemical Study of Organic Compounds via Models R and S configuration of optical isomers E, Z configuration of geometrical isomers Coformational analysis of cyclohexanes and substituted cyclohexanes Physical Chemistry : Electrochemistry: 1. To determine the strength of the civen acid conductometrically using standard alkali solution. 2. to determine the solubility and solubility of a sparingly soluble electrolyte conducometrically 8. to study the saponification of ethyl acetate condutometrically 4, To determine the ionization constant of a weak acid condutometrically. 5. To titrate potentiometrically the given ferrous ammonium sulphate solution using KMnO4«/K2CrzO; as titrant and calculate the redox potential of Fe""/Fe""" system on the hyorogen scale. Rofractromotry, Polarimetry: 4. To vorify law of refraction of mixtures (e.g. of glycerol and water) using Abbe's refractometer. 2. To determine the specific rotation of a given optically active compound. 3. To determine stoichiometry and stability constant of complexes Molecular Weight Determination: 1. Determination of molecular weight of a non-volatile solute by Rast method Beckmann treezing point method. 2. Determination ‘of the apparent degree of dissociation of an olectrolyte (e.g., NaCl) in aqueous solution at aifferent concentrations by ebullioscopy Colorimetry: QR 4. To verily Beer ~ Lambert Law for KMnOgKeCroOr and determining the concentration of the given solution of the substance from absorption measurement ‘Ce SEEoo aX - / A - Mee LS Qe aS a Vek