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PROGRM

This regular expression reference document summarizes key elements of regex including quantifiers, groups, character classes, escape sequences, word boundaries, lookahead and lookbehind assertions, and replacement patterns. It explains common metacharacters such as ^, $, ., |, ?, *, +, (), [], {}, \b, and \ along with modifiers like i, m, s, x, and flags such as g and i. Special characters, control codes, and POSIX character classes are also covered at a high level.

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Elsa Balliu
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70 views2 pages

PROGRM

This regular expression reference document summarizes key elements of regex including quantifiers, groups, character classes, escape sequences, word boundaries, lookahead and lookbehind assertions, and replacement patterns. It explains common metacharacters such as ^, $, ., |, ?, *, +, (), [], {}, \b, and \ along with modifiers like i, m, s, x, and flags such as g and i. Special characters, control codes, and POSIX character classes are also covered at a high level.

Uploaded by

Elsa Balliu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Start of string, or start of line Quantifiers Groups and Ranges

in multi-line pattern
* 0 or more {3} . Any character except new line (\n)
\A Start of string
+ 1 or more {3,} (a|b) a or b
$ End of string, or end of line in
? 0 or 1 {3,5} (...) Group
multi-line pattern
Add a ? to a quantifier to make it (?:...) Passive (non-capturing) group
\Z End of string
ungreedy.
[abc] Range (a or b or c)
\b Word boundary
Escape Sequences
[^abc] Not (a or b or c)
\B Not word boundary
\ Escape following character
[a-q] Lower case letter from a to q
\< Start of word
\Q Begin literal sequence
[A-Q] Upper case letter from A to Q
\> End of word
\E End literal sequence
[0-7] Digit from 0 to 7
Character Classes
"Escaping" is a way of treating
\x Group/subpattern number "
\c Control character characters which have a special
meaning in regular expressions Ranges are inclusive.
\s White space
literally, rather than as special
characters. Pattern Modifiers
\S Not white space
Common Metacharacters g Global match
\d Digit
^ [ . i * Case-insensitive
\D Not digit

\w Word  { * (  m * Multiple lines

+ ) | s * Treat string as single line


\W Not word
< > x * Allow comments and whitespace in pattern
\x Hexadecimal digit
The escape character is usually \ e * Evaluate replacement
\O Octal digit
Special Characters U * Ungreedy pattern
POSIX
\n New line * PCRE modifier
[:upper:] Upper case letters
\r Carriage return String Replacement
[:lower:] Lower case letters
\t Tab $n nth non-passive group
[:alpha:] All letters
\v Vertical tab $2 "xyz" in /^(abc(xyz))$/
[:alnum:] Digits and letters
\f Form feed $1 "xyz" in /^(?:abc)(xyz)$/
[:digit:] Digits
\xxx Octal character xxx $` Before matched string
[:xdigit:] Hexadecimal digits
\xhh Hex character hh $' After matched string
[:punct:] Punctuation
$+ Last matched string
[:blank:] Space and tab
$& Entire matched string
[:space:] Blank characters
Some regex implementati
[:cntrl:] Control characters

[:graph:] Printed characters


[:print:] Printed characters and spaces

[:word:] Digits, letters and underscore

Assertions

?= Lookahead assertion

?! Negative lookahead

?<= Lookbehind assertion

?!= or ?<! Negative lookbehind

?> Once-only Subexpression

?() Condition [if then]

?()| Condition [if then else]

?# Comment

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