8.

A beam is said to be loaded in pure bending

when
1. Limit within which Hooke’s law holds good (a) bending moment and shear force are
is known as constant but not zero
(a) elastic limit (b) bending moment is changing linearly
(b) plastic limit (c) bending moment and shear force both are
(c) yield point changing linearly
(d) proportional limit. (d) bending moment is constant.
2. The magnitude of shear stress induced in a 9. A high carbon steel specimen as compared
shaft due to applied torque varies with mild steel specimen
(a) from maximum at the centre to zero at the (a) is more ductile
circumference (b) is stronger
(b) from zero at the centre to maximum at the (c) has a more defined yeild point
circumference (d) has more Poisson’s ratio.
(c) from maximum at the centre to minimum
at the circumference and not zero 10. One kgf / cm2 when converted into SI unit is
(a) 0.0981 MPa (b) 0.981 Pa
(d) from minimum at the centre and not zero
(c) 104 Pa (d) 1 Pa.
to maximum at the circumference.
3. Polar moment of inertia of the cross-section 11. To express the stress-strain relations for a
homogeneous isotropic, linearly elastic
of a shaft of diameter d is
material, minimum number of material
d3 d4 constant needed is
(a) (b)
32 32 (a) two (b) three
(c) six (d) nine.
(c) d3 (d) d4 .
16 16 12. Deflection of the free end of a cantilever beam,
4. A hollow shaft of the same cross-sectional subjected to a concentrated load at the middle
area as that of a solid shaft can of its span is given by
(a) resists less torque
(b) resist more torque Pl 3 Pl 3
(a) (b)
(c) resist equal torque. 3 EI 8 EI
5. The flexural rigidity of a beam is
(a) EI (b) E/1 Pl 3 5 Pl 3
(c) (d) .
(c) I/E (d) E/I2. 24 EI 48 EI
6. A thick curved bar has an original curvature 13. Shear centre
which (a) always coincides with the centroid of the
(a) is large beam cross-section
(b) is small (b) always lies within the boundaries of the
(c) is zero cross-section
(d) could be any one of the above. (c) is a point in the plane of the beam cross-
7. A thin curved bar has an original curvature section through which the resultant of
which shear forces must pass
(a) is large (d) is a point in the beam cross-section
(b) is small representing zero shear stress.
(c) is zero 14. The maximum eccentricity of a compressive
(d) could be any one of the above. load acting on a short strut of diameter d

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 without producing tension at the base section 21. The deflection of a cantilever beam at the free
is end due to concentrated load P at the free end
(a) d/2 (b) d/4 is given by
(c) d/6 (d) d/8. Pl 3 Pl 2
15. Pure torsion of a circular shaft produces (a) (b)
2 El 2 El
(a) longitudinal normal stress in the shaft
(b) only direct shear stress in the transverse Pl 3 Pl 3
(c) (d) .
section of the shaft 3 El 4 El
(c) circumferential shear stress on a surface
22. The maximum stress used in the analysis of
element of the shaft
bending beyond elastic limit is
(d) a longitudinal shear stress and a (a) ultimate stress
circumferential shear stress on a surface (b) allowable stress
element of the shaft.
(c) yield stress
16. The rigidity modulus G, in terms of modulus (d) none of the above.
of elasticity E and Poisson’s ratio v is given
23. If two springs with stiffness k1 and k2 are
by
connected in series, then stiffness of the
2E E composite spring is given by
(a) (1 v ) (b) 2(1 – v) 1 1
(a) k1 + k2 (b) k k
1 2
E E
(c) 2(1 v ) (d) . 1 1
(1 – v) (c) k – k (d) k1 k2.
1 2
17. A bar is subjected to an uniaxial load P, having 24. A compressive member always tends to
length = l, area of cross-section A, and E is buckle in the direction of
modulus of elasticity. The strain energy stored (a) axis of load
in the bar is given by
(b) minimum cross-section
Pl Pl 2 (c) least radius of gyration
(a) (b)
AE AE (d) perpendicular to the axis of load.
25. If the normal cross-section a of a member is
P 2l P2 l
(c) (d) . subjected to a tensile force P, the resulting
AE 2 AE normal stress on an oblique plane inclined at
18. If 1 and 2 are principal stresses, the shear to the transverse plane will be
stress on the principal planes is given by P P
(a) sin 2 (b) cos 2
1– 2 A A
(a) (b) zero
2 P P
(c) sin 2 (d) cos 2 .
(c)
1
(d) 1 2. 2A 2A
2 26. The maximum bending moment due to a
19. A circular shaft of length l subjected to a torque moving load on a simply supported beam
T, G is rgidity modulus and J is polar moment occurs
of inertia, then the total angle of twist is given (a) at the midspan
by (b) at the supports
Tl TJ (c) under the load
(a) (b) (d) anywhere on the beam.
GJ Gl
TG GJ 27. A simply supported beam carries two equal
(c) (d) . concentrated load W at distance L/3 from
Jl Tl
either support. The maximum BM is
20. Point of contraflexure where
WL WL
(a) bending moment is maximum (a) (b)
3 4
(b) shear force is maximum
(c) shear force is zero 5WL 2
(c) (d) WL.
(d) bending moment is zero. 8 5

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28. The equivalent length of a column fixed at
both ends is WR3 N 2WR3
(a) (b)
(a) 0.7 l (b) 0.5 l Gr 4 Gr 4
(c) l (d) 2 l.
29. The maximum deflection of a simply 3WR3 N 4WR3 N
(c) (d) .
supported beam of length L with central Gr 4 Gr 4
concentrated load W is
34. Strain energy of a member may be equated to
WL2 WL2 (a) average resistance × displacement
(a) (b) 1
48 EI 24 EI (b) stress × strain
2
WL3 WL2 × area of its cross-section
(c) (d) . 1
48 EI 8 EI (c) stress × strain
2
30. If a solid shaft is subjected to a torque T at its × volume of the member
end such that maximum shear stress does not
exceed a, the diameter of shaft will be 1 (stress)2 × volume of member
(d) .
2 Young's modulus E
16 T
(a) 35. The work done on a unit volume of material
a
as a simple tensile force is gradually increased
16T from zero to the value causing ruputre is called
(b) (a) modulus of resilience
a
(b) modulus of toughness
1/ 3 (c) tangent modulus
16 T (d) none of the above.
(c)
a 36. The ratio of maximum shear stress to average
(d) None of the above. shear is 4/3 in a beam of
31. If a shaft is simultaneously subjected to a (a) circular cross-section
torque T and bending moment M, the ratio of (b) rectangular cross-section
the maximum bending stress to maximum (c) triangular cross-section
shearing stress is (d) none of the above.
M T 37. The Young’s modulus E, the shear modulus
(a) (b) G and the Poisson’s ratio are related by
T M
(a) E = 2G (1 );
2M 2T (b) E = 2G (1 + 2 );
(c) (d) .
T M (c) E = 2G (1 + )
32. Euler’s formula states that the buckling load (d) none of these.
P for a column of length L, both ends hinged 38. Poisson’s ratio, is defined as
and whose least moment of inertia and (a) ratio of transverse strain to axial strain;
modulus of elasticity of the material of column (b) modulus of ratio of transverse strain to
are I and E respectively is given by axial strain;
2 (c) modulus of ratio of axial strain to
EI EI
(a) P (b) P transverse strain
2 2
L L (d) none of the above.
39. The point of contraflexure in a loaded beam
L2 EI
(c) P (d) P . is the point where
EI L2 (a) the bending moment is maximum;
33. A closely coiled helical spring of radius R (b) the bending moment changes sign;
contains W. The radius of the coil wire is r (c) the shear force changes sign
and the modulus of rigidity of the coil material
(d) none of the above.
is G. The deflection of the coil is

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40. A thin cylindrical tube of inner diameter d, stress associated with the plane of maximum
and thickness t is closed at both ends and shear is
subjected to an internal pressure p. The tube (a) ( 1 + 2)/2; (b) ( 1 2)/2;
also carries a torque T. The stresses at any (c) zero (d) none of these.
point ( s, q and xq) are 46. When mild steel is subjected to axial tension,
pd pd 2T the ratio of engineering stress to actual stress
(a) , , 2
2t 4t d t is
(a) < 1; (b) = 1;
pd pd T (c) > 1 (d) none of above.
(b) , ,
4t 2t d 2t 47. A uniform rod of length L, cross-sectional area
A and modulus of elasticity E is held rigidly
pd pd T by fixed supports at the ends. An axial load P
(c) , ,
4t 2t 2 d 2t is applied at mid-length of the rod. The elastic
strain energy stored is
(d) None of the above. (a) P2L / 8AE; (b) P2L/4 AE;
41. A rod of length L and area of cross-section A, 2
(c) P L/16 AE (d) none of these.
whose material has a modulus of elasticity E 48. Maximum normal stress theory is used for
and coefficient of thermal expansion is
(a) ductile materials
subjected to a change of temperature T. The
(b) brittle materials
change in length is
(c) visco-elastic materials.
(a) L T; (b) L T/E;
(d) none of the above.
(c) L T/AE; (d) none of these.
49. A circular shaft is subjected to a torque T. The
42. An axial core of 100 mm is bored throughout maximum shear stress develped is . The
the length of a 200 mm diameter solid circular maximum tensile stress developed in the shaft
shaft. For the same maximum shear stress, the is
percentage torque carrying capacity lost by (a) /2 (b) 2 ;
this operation is (c) (d) 3 .
1 1 50. The moment of inertia of a rectangular lamina
(a) 6 ; (b) 12 ;
4 2 of sides b and d about its centroidal axis
(c) 25 (d) 30. parallel to the side d is given by
43. A hole is to be punched in a mild steel plate (a) bd3/12
of 10 mm thickness with the help of a (b) db3/12
hardened punch. The allowable crushing (c) bd3/36
strength of the punch is 4 times the shearing (d) none of the these.
strength of the plate. The diameter of the 51. Number of elastic constants sufficient for
smallest hole that can be punched in the plate homogeneous isotropic materials is
is (a) 3 (b) 4
(a) 20 mm; (b) 10 mm; (c) 2 (d) 1.
(c) 5 mm. (d) 2 mm. 52. Number of equilibrium equations for a two-
44. A close-coiled helical spring with wire dimensional system is
diameter d, mean coil radius R and active (a) 6; (b) 3;
number of coils n is subjected to an axial (c) 2 (d) 1
compressive load P. The shear modulus of the 53. For an element under a biaxial state of stress
spring material is G. The deflection of the
x= y in the x y plane, the radius of the
spring is given by Mohr’s circle is
(a) 8 PR3n/Gd4; (a) 2 x; (b) 2 y;
(b) 64 PR3n/Gd4; (c) x (d) 3 x.
(c) 32PR3n/Gd4 54. The buckling load for a fixed-fixed column
(d) none of the above. is
45. In a two-dimensional problem the principal (a) 2EI/L2 (b) 2EI/4L2
(c) 2 EI/2L2 (d) none of these.
stress at a point are 1, and 2. The normal

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55. Stress developed in an elastic body due to (c) linear structure
external force (d) any of these.
(a) does not depend on elastic constants 64. In a curved beam subjected to pure bending
(b) depends on elastic constants the neutral axis
(c) depends partly on elastic constants (a) passes through the centroid of the section
(d) none of the above. (b) is shifted towards the centre of curvature
56. Modulus of resilience is defined by (c) is shifted away from the centre of
(a) strain energy stored in an elastic body curvature
(b) strain energy per unit volume of the elastic (d) none of these.
body 65. A beam with hinged ends is subjected to a
(c) percentage of elongation of a ductile metal moment at one end. The slope at the other
(d) any of the above. end is given by
57. In the simple bending formula relating the Ml Ml
B.M, bending stress and curvature, plane of (a) 2 EI (b) 6 EI
external loading should pass through
(a) the shear centre at any angle Ml Ml
(b) the shear centre vertically (c) 3 EI (d) 12 EI .
(c) the principal axis of the section
(d) none of the above. 66. A hollow prismatic beam of circular section
58. Relation amongst Young’s modulus, is subjected to a torsional moment. The
Poisson’s ratio and Bulk modulus is given by maximum shear stress occurs at
(a) E = 3K (1 2 ) (b) E = 3K / (1 2 ) (a) the inner wall of the cross-section
(c) E = 2K (1 + ) (d) none of these (b) the middle of the thickness
59. In a beam of I-Section the maximum shear (c) the outer surface of the shaft
force is carried by (d) none of the above.
(a) the upper flange (b) the web 67. A beam of length l and thermal coefficient
(c) the lower flange (d) any of these. is fixed at two ends without stress. Then
60. In a short column with eccentric loading, the temperature drops by T°C. Axial force
neutral axis developed is
(a) passes through the centroid of the section AE
(a) AE T tensile (b) tensile
(b) passes through the point of application of T
load
(c) A T compressive (d) none of these.
(c) does not pass through the centroid of the
section 68. The reaction at the prop in a propped
cantilever beam subjected to u.d.l. is
(d) none of the above.
61. In a long column with hinged ends, the critical wl 3wl
(a) (b)
stress is 4 8
(a) more than the yield stress
5wl 6 wl
(b) equal to the yield stress (c) (d)
8 7
(c) less than the yield stress
(d) any of these. 69. In a long column, with one end fixed and the
62. In a thick walled cylinder subject to internal other free, if slenderness ratio increases,
pressure, the maximum hoop stress occurs at critical stress
the (a) remains constant (b) increases
(a) inner wall (c) decreases (d) any of these.
(b) outer wall 70. The ratio of maximum shear stress to average
(c) middle point of thickness shear stress is 1.5 in a beam of
(d) none of these. (a) circular cross-section
63. Castigliano’s theorem is valid for (b) rectangular cross-section
(a) any structure (c) triangular cross-section
(b) non-linear structure (d) any cross-section

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71. A material having identical properties in all 78. Leaf springs are subjected to :
directions, is called : (a) shear stress (b) direct stress
(a) elastic (b) homogeneous (c) bending stress (d) none of these.
(c) isotropic (d) any of these. 79. Load required to produce unit deflection is
72. The ratio of the deformation of a bar due to known as :
its own weight, to the deformation due to axial (a) toughness (b) stiffness
load equal to its weight is: (c) flexibility (d) none of these.
1 80. The maximum energy stored at ...... is called
(a) 1 (b) proof resilience
2
(c) 2 (d) 4. (a) elastic limit
(b) plastic limit
73. If the Poisson’s ratio of a material is 0.4, then
(c) limit of proportionality
the ratio of the shear modulus of elasticity to
(d) any of these.
modulus of elasticity is:
5 7 81. A cylinder is said to be thick if :
(a) (b) (a) it is made of thick plates
7 5
5 5 (b) the internal pressure is large
(c) (d) . (c) the ratio of its wall thickness to its
14 12
74. At a point in a strained material there acts a 1
diameter is more than
tensile stress of 100 N/mm2 on one plane and 10
a tensile stress of 50 N/mm2 on a plane at (d) none of these.
right angles to it. These planes also carry a 82. The maximum stress produces in a thin
shear stress of 50 N/mm2 . The angle of cylinder is ...... times that in a thin spherical
inclination of principal stresses with the 100 shell, having same diameter, thickness and
N/mm2 stress is : internal pressure:
1 (a) 1 (b) 2
(a) tan –1 (2); (b) tan –1 (2);
2 1 1
1 –1 2 (c) (d) .
(c) tan (d) none of these. 2 3
2 3
83. The strength of a column with both ends fixed
75. A cantilever beam is loaded uniformly
is ....... times the strength when its one end is
throughout its length. The shape of the shear
fixed and other free, other parameters
force diagram will be
remaining same.
(a) a right angle triangle
(a) two (b) four
(b) an isosceles triangle (c) sixteen (d) eighteen.
(c) a rectangle
84. Euler’s formula is applicable to :
(d) none of these.
(a) only long columns
76. Two prismaic beams A and B have same (b) only short columns
length. The one having larger ....... will be (c) long as well as short columns
stronger in flexure: (d) any of these.
(a) moment of inertia
85. The variation of the shear stress on the
(b) section modulus
transverse plane of a normal beam section
(c) area of cross-section
caused by a transverse shear force is usually:
(d) none of these.
(a) linear
77. The strength of a beam of square cross-section (b) parabolic
placed with its diagonal horizontal is ......times (c) non-linear
the strength when it is placed with its sides (d) none of these.
horizontal;
86. In all sections having symmetry about the load
1 axis, the shear centre is at
(a) (b) 2
2 (a) centroid of the section
(b) neutral axis of the section
1 1 (c) geometric centre of the section
(c) (d) .
2 3 (d) any of these.

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87. The Poisson’s ratio is given by : 94. A bar of square cross-section of side a is
subjected to a tensile load P. On a plane
– Lateral strain
(a) inclined at 45° to the axis of the bar, the
Longitudinal strain normal stress will be
Lateral strain 2P P
(b) Longitudinal strain (a) 2 (b)
a a2
Longitudinal strain P P
(c) (d) .
(c) 2a 2
4a 2
Lateral strain
95. The ratio of lateral strain to linear strain is
Longitudinal strain known as
(d) .
– Lateral strain (a) Modulus of elasticity
(b) Modulus of rigidity
88. The work done per unit volume in elongating
a body by a uniaxial force is : (c) Poisson’s ratio
(d) Elastic limit.
Stress
(a) (b) Stress × strain 96. In a cantilever carrying a load whose intensity
Strain varies uniformly from zero at the free end to
1 w per unit run at the fixed end, the S.F.
(c) Stress × strain (d) none of these. changes following a
2
(a) linear law
89. 4 wires of same material are stretched by same (b) parabolic law
load. Their dimensions are given below. In (c) cubic law
which wire will the extension be a max.? (d) none of the above.
(a) length 2m, dia. 1 mm
(b) l = 1m, d = 0.5 mm 97. At the point of application of a concentrated
load on a beam there is
(c) l = 4m, d = 2mm
(a) sudden change of slope of B.M. diagram
(d) l = 6 m, d = 3mm.
(b) maximum B.M.
90. The stresses in thick cylinder subjected to (c) point of contraflexure
uniform pressure vary proportional to (d) maximum deflection.
1 98. The diameter of kernel of a circular section
(a) r (b)
r of diameter d is
1 d d
. (a) (b)
(c) r2 (d) 2 3
r2
d d
91. Max. deflection for a cantilever of span L, (c) (d) .
2 4
loaded at the free end by P is given by:
99. A simply supported beam of span 4m carries
PL2 PL2 a u.d.l. of 30 kN/m throughout. If EI = 25000
(a) (b) kN-m2, the maximum deflection of the beam
3 EI 6 EI
is
PL3 PL3 (a) 0.5 mm (b) 1.5 mm
(c) (d) .
8 EI 3 EI (c) 3.5 mm (d) 4.0 mm.
92. A helical spring is subjected to an axial tensile 100. Maximum shear stress theory of failure was
force. The predominant effect of this force on postulated by
the spring is: (a) St. Venant (b) Rankine
(a) twisting (b) bending (c) Castigliano (d) Tresca.
(c) tension (d) compression. 101. The secant formula is used for
93. Polar moment of inertia of a circular area is (a) long column under eccentric loading
(b) long column under axial loading
(a) d4 (b) d4 (c) short column under eccentric loading
32 64
(d) short column under axial loading.
(c) d4 (d) d 3.
4 4

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102. The stress due to suddenly applied load is ..... 107. A close-coiled helical spring absorbs
times that of gradually applied load. 80 N mm of energy while extending by 4 mm.
(a) 1.5 (b) 2 The stiffiness of the spring is
(c) 3 (d) 4. (a) 5 N/mm; (b) 10 N/mm;
103. Castigliano’s theorems are valid for (c) 16 N/mm; (d) 20 N/mm.
(a) elastic structure 108. A solid circular shaft under pure torsion
(b) truss develops a maximum shear stress of
(c) beam 50 N/m2. The maximum principal stress on
(d) linear structure. the surface of the shaft is
(a) 100 N/mm2 (b) 50 N/mm2
104. Over a part of the beam, carrying transverse
loads, where S.F. is zero, the B.M. is (c) 25 N/mm2 (d) none of these.
(a) maximum (b) indeterminate 109. A mild steel beam develops a bending stress
(c) constant (d) zero. of 80 N/mm2 at a distance of 8 cm from the
neutral layer. If E = 200 GPa, the radius of
105. In I-section of a beam subjected to transverse
curvature is
S.F. the maximum shear stress occurs at the
(a) 400 m
(a) centre of the web
(b) 200 m
(b) top edge of the top flange
(c) 100 m
(c) bottom edge of the top flange;
(d) none of these.
(d) none of the above.
110. If the load passes through the shear centre of
106. A strut of length l is fixed at one end and free
the section of a beam, then there will be
at the other end. The Euler’s buckling load
(a) no bending of the beam
for this strut is 20 kN. If both ends of the strut
are fixed, the buckling load will be (b) only bending
(a) 80 kN (b) 160 kN (c) bending with twisting
(c) 240 kN (d) 320 kN. (d) only twisting.

111. If the principle stresses corresponding to a (a) k (b) 1.25 k

two-dimensional state of stress are 1 and 2 (c) 1.56 k (d) 1.95 k.
( 2 is greater than 1) and both are tensile, 113. The unit of elastic modulus is the same as
then which one of the following would be the those of
correct for failure by yielding, according to
(a) stress, shear modulus and presssure
the maximum shear stress criterion?
(b) strain, shear modulus and force
( 1 – 2) yp (c) shear modulus, stress and force
(a)
2 2 (d) stress, strain and pressure.
1 yp 114. In the case of an engineering material under
(b)
2 2 unidirectional stress in the x-direction, the
yp
Poisson’s ratio is equal to (symbols have their
2
(c) usual meanings)
2 2
(a) y / x (b) y / x
(d) 1 =±2 yp. (c) y / y (d) y / x.
*112. A length of 10 mm diameter steel wire is *115. A rod of length ‘l’ and cross-section area ‘A’
coiled to a close helical spring having 8 coils rotates about an axis passing through one end
of 75 mm mean diameter, and the spring has of the rod. The extension production in the
a stiffness k. If the same length of wire is coiled rod due to centrifugal forces is (w is the weight
to 10 coils of 60 mm mean diameter, then the of the rod per unit length and is angular
spring stiffness will be.

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 velocity of rotation of the rod ) *120. For a linearly elastic, isotropic and
(a) wl2/gE (b) 2wl 3/3gE homogeneous material, the number of elastic
(c) 2 wl3/gE (d) 3gE/ wl3. constants required to relate stress and strain
116. The buckling load will be maximum for a are:
column, if (a) two (b) three
(a) one end of the column is clamped and the (c) four (d) six.
other end is free *121. A horizontal beam with square cross-section
(b) both ends of the column are clamped is simply supported with sides of the square
(c) both ends of the column are hinged horizontal and vertical and carries a
(d) one end of the column is hinged and the distributed loading that produces maximum
other end is free. bending stress s in the beam. When the beam
117. For the loaded beam shown in Fig. 1 the is placed with one of the diagonals horizontal
correct shear force diagram is the maximum bending stress will be
1
(a) (b) 2s
2

(c) 2 (d) 3s.

*122. Shear stress distribution diagram of a beam
of rectangular cross-section, subjected to
transverse loading will be

*118. Which one of the following materials is highly

elastic?
*123. A shaft was initially subjected to bending
(a) Rubber (b) Brass
moment and then was subjected to torsion. If
(c) Steel (d) Glass.
the magnitude of bending moment is found
*119. The state of stress at a point in a loaded to be the same as that of the torque, then the
member is shown in the Fig. 3. The magnitude ratio of maximum bending stress to shear
of maximum shear stress is: stress would be
(a) 10 MPa (b) 30 MPa (a) 0.25 (b) 0.50
(c) 50 MPa (d) 100 MPa. (c) 2.0 (d) 4.0.
124. In a homogenous, isotropic elastic material,
the modulus of elasticity E in terms of G and
K is equal to
G 3K 3G K
(a) 9 KG (b) 9 KG

9 KG 9 KG
(c) G 3 K (d) G 3 K .

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*125. The Fig. 5 shows a bending moment diagram *130. A simply supported beam of rectangular
for the beam CABD: section 4 cm by 6 cm carries a mid-span
concentrated load such that the 6 cm side lies
parallel to line of action of loading; deflection
under the load is . If the beam is now
suppported with the 4 cm side parallel to line
of action of loading, the deflection under the
load will be
(a) 0.44 (b) 0.67
Load diagram for the above ebam will be
(c) 1.5 (d) 2.25 .
*131. A circular shaft fixed at A has diameter D for
(a) half of its length and diameter D/2 over the
other half. What is the rotation of C relative
to B if the rotation of B relative to A is 0.1
radian ?
(b)

(c)

(d)
(a) 0.4 radian (b) 0.8 radian
(c) 1.6 radian (d) 3.2 radian
*126. Young’s modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s * 132. The shear stress at a point in a shaft subjected
ratio of a material are 1.25 × 105 MPa and to a torque is
0.34 respectively. The modulus of rigidity of (a) directly proportional to the polar moment
the matierial is: of inertia and to the distance of the point
(a) 0.4025 × 105 MPa from the axis
(b) 0.4664 × 105 MPa (b) directly proportional to the applied torque
(c) 0.8375 × 105 MPa and inversely proportional to the polar
(d) 0.9469 × 105 MPa. moment of inertia
(c) directly proportional to the applied torque
127. The ends of the leaves of a semi-elliptical leaf and polar moment of inertia
spring are made triangular in plane in order
(d) inversely proportional to the applied
to
torque and the polar moment of inertia.
(a) obtain variable l in each leaf
(b) Permit each leaf to act as a overhanging *133. A beam carries a uniformly distributed load
beam and is supported with two equal overhangs.
(c) have variable bending moment in each Which one of the following correctly shows
leaf the bending moment diagram for the beam ?
(d) make M/I constant throughout the length
of the leaf. (a)
128. The ratio of circumferential stress to
longitudinal stress in a thin cylinder subjected (b)
to internal hydrostatic pressure is:
(a) 1/2 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 4. (c)
129. The independent elastic constants for a
homogeneous and isotropic material are:
(a) E, G, K, v (b) E, G, K (d)
(c) E, G, v (d) E, G.

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*134. A beam AB is hinge-supported at its ends and stress in the material of the cylinder is
is loaded by couple P.c. as shown in the Fig. represented as:
9. The magnitude of shearing force at a sec-
tion X of the beam is (a)

(b)

(a) 0 (b) P
(c) P/2L (d) P.c./2L
*135. A 0.2 mm thick tape goes over a frictionless (c)
pulley of 25 mm diameter. If E of material is
100 GPa, then the maximum stress induced
in the tape is

(d)

*140. Circumferential and longitudinal strains in a

cylindrical boiler under steam pressure are 1
and 2 respectively. Change in volume of the
(a) 100 MPa (b) 200 MPa boiler cylinder per unit volume will be
(c) 400 MPa (d) 800 MPa.
(a) +2 (b) 2
136. A solid circular shaft is subjected to a 1 2 1 2
maximum shearing stress of 140 MPa. The 2
(c) 2 1 + 2 (d) 1 2.
magnitude of the maximum normal stress
developed in the shaft is *141. If two shafts of the same length, one of which
(a) 140 MPa (b) 80 MPa is hollow, transmit equal torque and have
(c) 70 MPa (d) 60 MPa. equal maximum stress, then they should have
* 137. A metal pipe of 1 m diameter contains a fluid equal
having a pressure of 1 N/mm 2. If the (a) polar moment of inertia
permissible tensile stress in the metal is 20 (b) polar modulus of section
N/mm 2, then the thickness of the metal (c) diameter
required for making the pipe would be (d) angle of twist.
(a) 5 mm (b) 10 mm *142. In the assembly of pulley, key and shaft
(c) 20 mm (d) 25 mm. (a) pulley is made the weakest
138. Total strain energy stored in simply supported (b) key is made the weakest
beam of span ‘L’ and flexural rigidity ‘EI’ (c) key is made the strongest
subjected to a concentrated load ‘W’ at the (d) all the three are designed for equal
centre is equal to strength.
W 2 L3 W 2 L3 143. A column of length ‘l’ is fixed at its both ends.
(a) (b) The equivalent length of the column is:
40 EI 60 EI
(a) 2 l (b) 0.5 l
(c) 4 l (d) l.
W 2 L3 W 2 L3
(c) (d) . *144. The shafts of same length and material are
96 EI 240 EI joined in series. If the ratio of their diameters
*139. A solid thick cylinder is subjected to an is 2, then the ratio of their angles of twist will
external hydrostatic pressure p. The state of be

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 (a) 2 (b) 4 *149. Match List I with List II and select the correct
(c) 8 (d) 16. answer from the codes given below :
145. An open-coiled helical spring of mean diameter List I List II
D, number of coils N and wire diameter d is (Property) (Testing machines)
subjected to an axial force P. The wire of the A. Tensile strength 1. Rotating
spring is subjected to bending machine
(a) direct shear only
B. Impact strength 2. Three-point loading
(b) combined shear and bending only
machine
(c) combined shear, bending and twisting
C. Bending strength 3. Universal testing
(d) combined shear and twisting only.
machine
*146. If a material has a modulus of elasticity of 210
GN/m 2 and a modulus of rigidity of 80 D. Fatigue strength 4. Izod testing machine
GN/m2, then the approximate value of the Codes:
Poisson’s ratio of the material would be A B C D
(a) 0.26 (a) 4 3 2 1
(b) 0.31
(c) 0.47 (b) 3 2 1 4
(d) 0.5
147. In an axi-symmetric plane strain problem, let (c) 2 1 4 3
u be the radial displacement at r. Then the
(d) 3 4 2 1
strain components, r, , r are given by:
2 150.
u u u
(a) r , , r List I List II
r r r
(Condition of beam) (Bending moment
u u diagram)
(b) r , , r 0
r r
A. Subject to bending 1. Triangle
u u moment at the end
(c) r , , r 0
r r of cantilever
2 B. Cantilever carrying 2. Cubic parabola
u u u uniformly distributed
(d) r , r .
r r load over the whole
148. A beam AB of length 2L having a concen- length
trated load P at its mid-span is hinge-sup- C. Cantilever carrying 3. Parabola
ported at its two ends A and B or two identi- linearly varying load
cal cantilevers as shown in the Fig. 12. The from zero at the fixed
correct value of bending moment at A is: end to maximum at the
support
D. A beam having load at 4. Rectangle
the centre and supported
at the ends

Codes :
A B C D
(a) 4 1 2 3
(b) 4 3 2 1
(a) zero
(b) PL/2 (c) 3 4 2 1
(c) PL (d) 3 4 1 2
(d) 2PL.

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151. List I List II D. The strength of the beam 4. Strain
mainly depends on .......
Codes:
A. Rigid-perfectly A B C D
(a) 4 3 1 2
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) 1 2 3 4
(d) 2 3 4 1
B. Elastic-perfectly
154.
List I List II
A. ..... loading induces 1. Middle third
direct and bending
C. Rigid-strain hardening stresses at the section.
B. The brick chimney is
stable if the resultant 2. Eccentric
thrust lies within
D. Linearly elastic the .....
C. If the bending moment 3. Zero
Codes: is consistent there
A B C D will be no ......
(a) 3 1 4 2 D. If a beam is fixed at 4. Shearing stress
both ends, then slope
(b) 1 3 2 4
and deflection at both
(c) 3 1 2 4 ends are ......
(d) 1 3 4 2
Code:
152.
A B C D
(a) 2 1 3 4
(Material properties) (Tests to determine
(b) 2 1 4 3
material properties)
(c) 3 4 1 2
A. Ductility 1. Impact test
(d) 4 1 2 3
B. Toughness 2. Fatigue test
C. Endurance limit 3. Tension test 155.
D. Resistance to List I List II
penetration 4. Hardness test A. Longitudinal stresses 1. Welding
Codes : act ..... to the
longitudinal axis
A B C D
of the shell.
(a) 3 2 1 4 B. In thick cylinders 2. Gauge distance
(b) 4 2 1 3 the ..... stress varies
(c) 3 1 2 4 along the thickness.
(d) 4 1 2 3 C. The ......provides very 3. Circumferential
153. rigid joints.
List I List II D. The distance between 4. Parallel
A. The ... is the deformation 1. Cantilever the consecutive rivets
producedby the stress is called........
B. ...... is the property that 2. Section modulus Codes :
enables the formation of A B C D
a permanent deformation (a) 3 4 1 2
in a material. (b) 2 3 4 1
C. A .... is a beam whose one 3. Plasticity (c) 4 3 1 2
end is fixed and the other (d) 4 2 3 1
end free.

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156. B. The circumferential stress 2. Centre
List I List II in a hollow circular
A.. The angle of twiset is 1. Quarter ellptical rotating disc is at the .....
directly proportional C. The radial stress in a 3. Winkler-Bach
to the ... rotating hollow
circular cylinder is
B. .....springs are called 2. Twisting moment
maximum at the .....
cantilever laminated
D. The theory of curved 4. Geometric mean
springs. beam was postulated radius
C. In case of a laminated 3. Resilience by.......
spring the load at Codes:
which the plates become A B C D
straight is called .....load. (a) 2 1 3 4
D. The strain energy stored 4. Proof (b) 2 1 4 3
by the body within (c) 3 4 1 2
elastic limit when (d) 4 1 2 3
loaded externally is called......
159. Consider the following statemnts:
Codes:
State of stress at a point when completely
A B C D specified, enables one to determine the
(a) 1 2 3 4 1. principal stresses at the point
(b) 2 3 4 1 2. maximum shearing stress at the point
(c) 2 4 1 3 3. stress components on any plane
(d) 2 1 4 3 containing the point
157. Of these statements:
List I List II (a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
(b) 1 and 3 are correct
A. Stress due to suddenly 1. Secant formula
(c) 2 and 3 are correct
applied load is
two times that of .... load. (d) 1 and 2 are correct
B. A member of structure or 2. Maximum *160. State of stress at a point in a strained body is
bar which carries an principal shown in Fig 13. Which one of the figures
axial compressive stress given below represents correctly the Mohr’s
load is called.... circle for the state of stress ?
C. The .... is used for long 3. Strut
columns under eccentric
loading
D. .... theory is suitable for 4. Gradually applied
brittle materials
Codes :
A B C D
(a) 4 3 1 2
(b) 4 2 3 1
(c) 2 3 4 1
(a) (b)
(d) 3 4 1 2
158.
List I List II
A. In case of a solid rotating 1. Inner radius
circular disc (c) (d)
the radial stress is
maximum at the ........

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*161. The given figure shows the shear force dia- (c) cantilever subjected to concentrated load
gram for the beam at the free end
(d) simply supported beam having
concentrated loads of equal magnitude
and in the same direction acting at equal
distances from the supports.
ABCD. Bending moment in the portion BC
*165. A cantilever beam carries a load W uniformly
of the beam
distributed over its entire length. If the same
(a) is a non-zero constant
load is placed at the free end of the same can-
(b) is zero
tilever, then the ratio of maximum deflection
(c) varies linearly from B to C
in the first case to that in the second case will
(d) varies parabolically from B to C.
be:
162. The maximum bending moment in a simply
3 8
supported beam of length L loaded by a con- (a) (b)
centrated load W at the mid-point is given by 8 3
5 8
WL (c) (d) .
(a) WL (b) 8 5
2
166. The Fig. 15 shows a cantilever of span ‘L’
WL WL subjected to a concentrated load ‘P’ and a
(c) (d) .
4 8 moment ‘M’ at the free end. Deflection at the
*163. A beam, built-in at both ends, carries a free end is given by:
uniformly distributed load over its entire span
as shown in figure. 14. Which one of the
diagrams given below, represents bending
moment distribution along the length of the
beam ?

PL2 ML2
(a)
2 EI 3 EI
ML2 PL3
(b)
2 EI 3 EI
(a)
ML2 PL3
(c)
3 EI 2 EI
(b) ML2 PL3
(d)
2 EI 48 EI
167. For a cantilever beam of length ‘l’, flexural
(c) rigidity EI and loaded at its free end by a
concentrated load W, match List I with List II
and select the correct answer using the codes
(d) given below the lists :
*164. If the shear force acting at every section of a List I List II
beam is of the same magnitude and of the same A. Maximum bending moment 1. Wl
direction then it represents a
(a) simply supported beam with a Wl 2
B. Strain energy 2.
concentrated load at the centre 2 EI
(b) overhang beam having equal overhang at Wl 3
both supports and carrying equal C. Maximum slope 3.
3 EI
concentrated loads acting in the same
direction at the free ends W 2l 3
D. Maximum deflection 4.
6 EI

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Codes : nal and external radii respectively. Let u be
A B C D the radial displacement of a material element
(a) 1 4 3 2 at radius r, r2 r r1. Identifying the cylin-
der axis as z-axis, the radial strain component
(b) 1 4 2 3
is
(c) 4 2 1 3
(d) 4 3 1 2 u u
(a) (b)
r
*168. A hollow shaft is subjected to torsion. The
shear stress variation in the shaft along the du du
(c) (d) .
radius is given by: dr d
172. Auto frettage is the method of
(a) joining thick cylinders
(b) calculating stresses in thick cylinders
(c) prestressing thick cylinders
(d) increasing the life of thick cylinders.
173. Given that, d = diameter of spring, R = mean
radius of coils, n = number of coils and G =
modulus of rigidity, the stiffness of the close-
coiled helical spring subject to an axial load
W is equal to:

Gd 4 Gd 3
(a) (b)
64 R 3n 64 R 3n

Gd 4 Gd 4
(c) (d) .
32 R 3n 64 R 2 n
174. When a close-coiled helical spring is sub-
169. The equivalent bending moment under jected to a couple about its axis, the stress
combined action of bending moment M and induced in the wire material of the spring is
torque T is: (a) bending stress only
(b) direct shear stress only
(a) M2 T2 (c) a combination of torsional shear stress and
bending
1
(b) M2 T2 (d) a combination of bending stress and direct
2
shear stress.
(c) M M2 T2 *175. If a shaft made from ductile material is sub-
jected to combined bending and twisting mo-
1 ments, calculations based on which one of the
(d) M M2 T2 following failure theories would give the most
2
170. The bending moment (M) is constant over a conservative value?
length segment (l) of a beam. The shearing (a) Maximum principal stress theory
force will also be constant over this length (b) Maximum shear stress theory
and is given by: (c) Maximum strain energy theory
(d) Maximum distortion energy theory.
M M
(a) (b) 176. During tensile-testing of a specimen using a
l 2l Universal testing machine, the parameters ac-
M tually measured include:
(c) (d) none of these. (a) true stress and true strain
4l
*171. In a thick cylinder, subjected to internal and (b) Poisson’s ratio and Young’s modulus
external presssures, let r1 and r2 be the inter- (c) engineering stress and engineering strain
(d) load and elongation.

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177. A bar of uniform cross-section of one sq. cm is 181. A 10 cm long and 5 cm diameter steel rod fits
subjected to a set of five forces as shown in snugly between two rigid walls 10 cm apart
Fig. 17, resulting in its equilibrium. The maxi- at room temperature. Young’s modulus of
mum tensile stress (in kg/cm2) produced in the elasticity and coefficient of linear expansion
bar is of steel are 2 106 kgf/cm2 and 12 10 6/°C
respectively. The stress developed in the rod
due to a 100°C rise in temperature will be
(a) 6 10 10 kgf/cm2
(b) 6 10 9 kgf/cm2
(c) 2.4 103 kgf/cm2
(d) 2.4 104 kgf/cm2.
182. A beam subjected to a load P is shown in the
given Fig. 18. The bending moment at the
(a) 1 (b) 2 support AA of the beam will be
(c) 10 (d) 11
178. A plane stressed element is subjected to the
state of stress given by x = xy = 100 kgf/cm2
and = 0. Maximum shear stress in the ele-
ment is equal to
(a) 50 3 kgf/cm2 (b) 100 kgf/cm2

(c) 50 5 kgf/cm2 (d) 150 kgf/cm2.

179. Match List-I (Elastic properties of an isotro-
(a) PL (b) PL/2
pic elastic material) with List-II (Nature of
strain produced) and select the correct answer (c) 2PL (d) Zero.
using the codes given below the Lists : 183. A 2m long beam BC carries a single
concentrated load at its mid-span and is simply
List I List II
supported at its ends by two cantilevers AB 1
A. Young’s modulus 1. Shear strain m long and CD 2m long as shown in the Fig.
B. Modulus of rigidity 2. Normal strain 19.
C. Bulk modulus of rigidity 3. Transverse strain
D. Poisson’s ratio 4. Volumetric strain
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 2 1 3 4
(c) 2 1 4 3 The shear force at end A of the cantilever AB
(d) 1 2 4 3 will be:
180. The relationship between the Lame’s constant (a) Zero (b) 40 kgf
, Young’s modulus ‘E’ and the Poisson’s (c) 50 kgf (d) 60 kgf.
ratio is: 184. If a beam is subjected to a constant bending
E moment along its length then the shear force
(a) will
(1 )(1 2 )
(a) also have a constant value everywhere
E along its length
(b) (b) be zero at all section along the beam
(1 2 ) (1 )
(c) be maximum at the centre and zero at the
E ends
(c) (d) zero at the centre and maximum at the
(1 )
ends.
E 185. A simply supported beam with width ‘b’ and
(d) .
(1 ) depth ‘d’ carries a central load W and under -
 goes deflection at the centre. If the width the strength limit. With reference to Fig. 22
and depth are interchanged, the deflection at Match List-I with List-II and select the cor-
the centre of the beam would attain the value rect answer using the codes given below the
2
d d
(a) (b)
b b

3 4
d d
(c) (d) .
b b
186. A round shaft of diameter ‘d’ and length ‘l’
fixed at both ends ‘A’ and ‘B’, is subjected to
a twisting moment T at C at a distance of l/4 :stsL
i
from A (see Fig 20). The torsional stresses in
the parts AC and CB will be:

List I List II
(Regions) (Column specifications)
(a) equal A. R1 1, Long, stable
(b) in the ratio of 1 : 3 B. R2 2. Short
(c) in the ratio of 3 : 1 C. R3 3. Medium
(d) indeterminate.
D. R4 4. Long unstable
187. A wooden beam of rectangular cross-section
10 cm deep by 5 cm wide carries maximum Codes:
shear force of 2000 kgf. Shear stress at neu- A B C D
tral axis of the beam section is (a) 2 4 3 1
(a) zero (b) 49 kgf/cm2 (b) 2 3 1 4
(c) 260 kgf/cm 2 (d) 80 kgf/cm2. (c) 1 2 4 3
188. A beam cross-section is used in two different (d) 2 1 3 4
orientations as shown in Fig. 21 given below.
Bending moments applied to the beam in both 190. The ratio of the compressive critical load for
cases are same. The maximum bending a long column fixed at both the ends and a
stresses induced in cases (A) and (B) are column with one end fixed and the other end
related as free is:
(a) sA = sB (b) sA = 2sB (a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 4
B B
(c) 1 : 8 (d) 1 : 16
(c) A (d) A .
2 4 *191. Maximum shear stress in a solid shaft of di-
ameter D and length L twisted through an
angle is . A hollow shaft of same material
and length having outside and inside diam-
eters of D and D/2 respectively is also twisted
through the same angle of twist . The value
of maximum shear stress in the hollow shaft
will be:
16 8
(a) (b)
15 7
189. The curve ABC is the Euler’s curve for sta- 4
bility of column. The horizontal line DEF is (c) (d) .
3
192. From design point of view, spherical pressure
vessels are preferred over cylindrical pressure
vessels because they: .
B. Max. shear stress
(a) are cost effective in fabrication
theory
(b) have uniform higher circumferential stress
(c) uniform lower circumferential stress
(d) have a larger volume for the same quantity
of material used.
*193. If two identical helical springs are connected
in parallel and to these two, another identical C. Max-octahedral shear
spring is connected in series and the system stress theory
is loaded by a weight W, as shown in the Fig.
23, then the resulting deflection will be given
by ( = deflection, S = stiffness, W = load)

D. Max. shear strain

energy theory

Codes:
A B C D
(a) 2 1 3 4
3W W (b) 2 4 3 1
(a) (b) (c) 4 2 3 1
2S 2S
(d) 2 4 1 3
2W W 196. Two metal plates of thickness ‘t’ and width
(c) (d) .
3S 3S ‘w’ are jointed by a fillet weld of 45° as shown
194. Which one of the following gives the correct in the Fig. 25. When subjected to a pulling
expression for strain energy stored in a beam force ‘F’, the stress induced in the weld will
of length L and of uniform cross-section hav- be
ing moment of inertia I and subjected to con-
stant bending moment M:
ML ML
(a) (b) 2 EI
EI

M 2L M 2L
(c) (d) .
EI 2 EI
F F
195. Match List (Failure theories) with List-II (Fig. (a) wt sin 45 (b)
24 representing boundaries of these theories) wt
and select the correct answer using the codes
F sin 45 2F
given below the Lists: (c) (d) .
wt wt
List-I List II
197. Consider the following statements:
A splined shaft is used for
1. transmitting power
A. Max. principal
2. holding a flywheel rigidly in position
stress theory
3. moving axially the gear wheels mounted
on it
4. mounting V-belt pulleys on it

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 (a) 2 and 3 are correct Codes :
(b) 1 and 4 are correct (a) 1, 3 and 4 (b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 2 and 4 are correct (c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 1 and 3 are correct. 204. The state of plane stress at a point is described
198. When two shafts are neither parallel nor in- by x = y = and xy = 0. The normal stress
tersecting, power can be transmitted by using on the plane inclined at 45° to the x-plane
(a) a pair of spur gears will be:
(b) a pair of helical gears (a) (b) 2
(c) an Oldham’s coupling
(d) a pair of spiral gears. (c) 3 (d) 2 .
199. In the assembly desing of shaft, pulley and
205. Consider the following statements:
key, the weakest member is:
State of stress in two-dimensions at a point in
(a) pulley (b) key
a loaded component can be completely
(c) shaft (d) none. specified by indicating the normal and shear
200. In the formulation of Lewis equation for stresses on
toothed gearing, it is assumed that tangential
1. a plane containing the point
tooth load, F1 acts on the
2. any two planes passing through the point
(a) pitch point
3. two mutually perpendicular planes
(b) tip of the tooth
through the point.
(c) root of the tooth
Of these statements:
(d) whole face of the tooth.
(a) 1 and 3 are correct
201. For a two-dimensional state stress ( 1 > 2,
(b) 2 alone is correct
1 > 0, 2 < 0) the designed values are most
conservative if which one of the following (c) 1 alone is correct
failure theories were used: (d) 3 alone is correct.
(a) Maximum principal strain theory 206. For a composite bar consisting of a bar en-
closed inside a tube of another material and
(b) Maximum distortion energy theory
when compressed under a load ‘W’ as a whole
(c) Maximum shear stress theory
through rigid collars at the end of the bar, the
(d) Maximum principal stress theory.
equation of compability is given by (suffices
202. Match List I with List II and select the cor- 1 and 2 refer to bar and tube respectively)
rect answer using the codes given below the
lists: (a) W1 + W2 = W
List I List II (b) W1 + W2 = Constant
A. Single-plate friction clutch 1. Scooters
W1 W2
B. Multi-plate friction clutch 2. Rolling mills (c) A E
1 1 A2 E2
C. Centrifugal clutch 3. Trucks
D. Jaw clutch 4. Mopeds W1 W2
Codes: (d) A E .
1 2 A2 E1
A B C D
(a) 1 3 4 2 207. A tapering bar (diameters of end sections be-
(b) 1 3 2 4 ing d1 and d2) and a bar of uniform cross-
section ‘d’ have the same length and are sub-
(c) 3 1 2 4
jected to the same axial pull. Both the bars
(d) 3 1 4 2
will have the same extension if ‘d’ is equal
203. Which of the following stresses are associ- to:
ated with the design of pins in bushed pin
type flexible coupling? d1 d 2
(a) (b) d1 d 2
1. Bearing stress 2
2. Bending stress,
3. Axial tensile stress d1 d 2 d1 d2
(c) (d) .
4. Transverse shear stress. 2 2

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208. The number of independent elastic constants Fig. 29. The bending moment at B will be:
required to express the stress-strain (a) 3 kN-m (b) 2 kN-m
relationship for a linearly elastic isotropic (c) 1 kN-m (d) zero.
material is:
(a) one (b) two
(c) three (d) four.
209. The deformation of bar under its own weight
as compared to that when subjected to a di-
rect axial load equal to its own weight will
be:
(a) the same (b) one-fourth
(c) half (d) double. 214. Two hollow shafts of the same material have
210. A slender bar of 100 mm2 cross-section is the same length and outside diameter. Shaft 1
subjected to loading as shown in the Fig. 26. has internal diameter equal to one-third of the
If the modulus of elasticity is taken as 200 × outer diameter and shaft 2 has internal diam-
109 Pa, then the elongation produced in the eter equal to half of the outer diameter. If both
bar will be the shafts are subjected to the same torque,
(a) 10 mm (b) 5 mm 1
the ratio of their twists will be equal to:
(c) 1 mm (d) nil. 2
(a) 16/81 (b) 8/27
(c) 19/27 (d) 243/256.
215. A simply supported beam of constant flex-
ural rigidity and length 2L carries a concen-
trated load ‘P’ at its mid-span and the deflec-
tion under the load is . If a cantilever beam
211. For the beam shown in the figure 27, the elas- of the same flexural rigidity and length ‘L’ is
tic curve between the supports B and C will subjected to a load ‘P’ at its free end, then the
be deflection at the free end will be:
1
(a) (b)
2
(c) 2 (d) 4 .
216. A solid shaft of diameter 100 mm, length 1000
mm is subjected to a twisting moment T. The
maximum shear stress developed in the shaft
is 60 N/mm2. A hole of 50 mm diameter is
now drilled throughout the length of the shaft.
(a) circular (b) parabolic To develop a maximum shear stress of
(c) elliptic (d) a straight line. 60 N/mm2 in the hollow shaft, the torque ‘T’
*212. A simply supported beam is loaded as shown must be reduced by
in the Fig. 28. The maximum shear force in (a) T/4 (b) T/8
the beam will be: (c) T/12 (d) T/16.
217. A circular shaft is subjected to the combined
action of bending, twisting and direct axial
loading. The maximum bending stress ,
maximum shearing stress 3 and a uniform
axial stress (compressive) are produced. The
maximum compressive normal stress
(a) zero (b) W produced in the shaft will be:
(c) 2W (d) 4W. (a) 3 (b) 2
*213. A lever is supported on two hinges at A and (c) (d) zero.
C. It carries a force of 3 kN as shown in the

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218. Two close-coiled springs are made from the 223. The Euler’s crippling load for a 2 m long slen-
small diameter wire, one wound on 2.5 cm der steel rod of uniform cross-section hinged
diameter core and the other on 1.25 cm diam- at both the ends is 1 kN. The Euler’s crip-
eter core. If each spring had ‘n’ coils, then pling load for a 1 m long steel rod of the same
the ratio of their spring constants would be: cross-section and hinged at both ends will be:
(a) 1/16 (b) 1/8 (a) 0.25 kN (b) 0.5 kN
(c) 1/4 (d) 1/2.
(c) 2kN (d) 4kN.
219. A closed coil helical spring is subjected to a
torque about its axis. The spring wire would 224. For the state of stress of pure shear , the strain
experience a energy stored per unit volume in the elastic,
(a) bending stress homogeneous isotropic material having elas-
tic constants E and v will be
(b) direct tensile stress of uniform intensity
at its cross-section 2 2
(c) direct shear stress (a) (1 v) (b) (1 v)
E 2E
(d) torsional shearing stress.
220. When a thin cylinder of diameter ‘d’ and 2 2 2
thickness ‘t’ is pressurized with an internal (c) (1 v) (d) (2 v).
E 2E
pressure of ‘p’ (1/m is the Poissin’s ratio and
E is the modulus of elasticity), then 225. Euler’s formula gives 5 to10% error in crip-
pling load as compared to experimental re-
(a) the circumferential strain will be equal to
sults in practice because
pd 1 1 (a) effect of direct stress is neglected
–
2tE 2 m (b) pin joints are not free from friction
(b) the longitudinal strain will be equal to (c) the assumptions made in using the formula
are not met in practice
pd 1 (d) the material does not behave in an ideal
1–
2tE 2m elastic way in tension and compression.
(c) the longitudinal stress will be equal to 226. According to the maximum shear stress theory
of failure permissible twisting moment in a
pd circular shaft is ‘T’. The permissible twisting
2t moment in the same shaft as per the maxi-
(d) the ratio of the longitudinal strain to mum principal stress theory of failure will be
circumferential strain will be equal to 1
(a) T (b) T
m–2 2
.
2m – 1
(c) 2T (d) 2T.
221. A thick-walled hollow cylinder having outside *227. = 12.5 × 10 6/°C, E = 200 GPa
and inside radii of 90 mm and 40 mm
respectively is subjected to an external If the rod fitted snugly between the supports
pressure of 800 MN/m 2. The maximum as shown in the Fig. 30, is heated, the stress
circumferential stress in the cylinder will induced in it due to 20°C rise in temperature
occur at a radius of will be
(a) 0.07945 MPa (b) 0.07945 MPa
(a) 40 mm
(c) 0.03972 MPa (d) 0.03972 MPa.
(b) 60 mm
(c) 65 mm
(d) 90 mm.
222. In a thick cylinder pressurized from inside,
the hoop stress is maximum at
(a) the centre of the wall thickness
(b) the outer radius
(c) the inner radius
(d) both the inner and the outer radii.

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*228. If permissible stress in plates of joint through
a pin as shown in Fig. 31 is 200 MPa, then
the width w will be:
(c)

(d)

(a) 15 mm (b) 18 mm
(c) 20 mm (d) 25 mm.
*231. The number of elastic constants for a com-
*229. Circumferential stress in a cylindrical steel
pletely anisotropic elastic material which fol-
boiler shell under internal pressure is 80 MPa,
lows Hooke’s law is:
Young’s modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s
(a) 3 (b) 4
ratio are respectively 2 × 105 MPa and 0.28.
The magnitude of circumferential strain in the (c) 21 (d) 25.
boiler will be *232. The bending moment equation, as a function
of distance x measured from the left end, for
(a) 3.44 × 10 4 (b) 3.84 × 10 4
4
a simply supported beam of span Lm carry-
(c) 4 × 10 (d) 4.56 × 10 4 ing a uniformly distributed load of intensity
*230. A thin cylinder with closed lids is subjected w N/m will be given by:
to internal pressure and supported at the ends
as shown in the Fig. 32. wL w
(a) M ( L – x) – ( L – x) 2 N-m
2 2
wL wx 2
(b) M x– N-m
2 2
wL w
(c) M ( L – x )2 – ( L – x)3 N-m
2 2
wx2 wLx
(d) M – N-m.
2 2
The state of stress at point X is as represented *233. The bending moment diagram shown in
in Fig. 34 corresponds to the shear force diagram
in

(a)

(b)

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*234. Two beams of equal cross-sectional area are
subjected to equal bending moment. If one PL2 P2L
(c) (d) .
beam has square cross-section and the other AE AE
has circular section, then *240. If a thick cylindrical shell is subjected to in-
(a) both beams will be equally strong ternal pressure, then hoop stress, radial streas
(b) circular section beam will be stronger and longitudinal stress at a point in the thick-
(c) square section beam will be stronger ness will be
(d) the strength of the beam will depend on (a) tensile, compressive and compressive
the nature of loading . respectively
*235. A cantilever beam of rectangular cross-section (b) all compressive
is subjected to a load W at its free end. If the (c) all tensile
depth of the beam is doubled and the load is (d) tensile, compressive and tensile
halved, the deflection of the free end as respectively.
compared to original deflection will be: *241. A thin cylinder with both ends closed is sub-
(a) half (b) one-eighth jected to internal pressure p. The longitudi-
(c) one-sixteenth (d) double. nal stress at the surface has been calculated
*236. Which one of the following portions of the as 0. Maximum shear stress at the surface
loaded beam shown in the given figure is will be equal to
subjected to pure bending ? (a) 2 0 (b) 1.5 0
(c) 0 (d) 0.5 0.
242. The maximum shear stress occurs on the out-
ermost fibres of a circular shaft under torsion.
In a close coiled helical spring, the maximum
shear stress occurs on the
(a) outermost fibres
(b) fibres at mean diameter
(a) AB (b) DE (c) innermost fibres
(c) AE (d) BD (d) end coils.
*237. A solid circular shaft is subjected to pure tor- *243. A helical spring has N turns of coil of diam-
sion. The ratio of maximum shear to maxi- eter D, and a second spring, made of same
mum normal stress at any point would be wire diameter and of same material has N/2
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 2 turns of coil of diameter 2D. If the stiffness
(c) 2 : 1 (d) 2 : 3. of the first spring is k, then the stiffness of the
238. A short column of external diameter D and second spring will be
internal diameter d carries an eccentric load (a) k/4 (b) k/2
W. The greatest eccentricity which the load (c) 2k (d) 4k.
can have without producing tension on the 244. Which one of the following figures represents
cross-section of the column would be: the maximum shear stress theory of Tresca
criterion?
D d D2 d 2
(a) (b)
8 8d

D2 d 2 D2 d2
(c) (d) .
8D 8 (a)
*239. A bar of length L and of uniform cross-sec-
tional area A and second moment of area I is
subjected to a pull P. If Young’ s modulus of
elasticity of the bar material is E, the expres-
sion for strain energy stored in the bar will be

P2L PL2 (b)

(a) (b)
2 AE 2EI

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 Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 1 2 3
(b) 3 2 1 4
(c) (c) 4 2 1 3
(d) 3 1 2 4
247. A load beam is shown in the Fig. 37. The
bending moment diagram of the beam is best
represented as

(d)

245. Match List I (End conditions of columns) with

List II (Equivalent length in terms of length
of hinged column) and select the correct an-
swer using the codes given below the Lists:
List I List II (a)
A. Both ends hinged 1. L
(b)
B. One end fixed and 2. 2L
other end free
C. One end fixed and the 3. L/2
other pin-joined
(c)
D. Both ends fixed 4. 2L
Codes :
A B C D
(a) 1 3 4 2 (d)
(b) 1 3 2 4
(c) 3 1 2 4
(d) 3 1 4 2 248. At a certain section at a distance ‘x’ from one
of the supports of a simply supported beam
246. Match List I with List II and select the correct the intensity of loading, bending moment and
answer using the codes given below the Lists : shear force are Wx, Mx, and Vx respectively. If
List I List II the intensity of loading is varying continu-
A. Bending moment is 1. Point of ously along the length of the beam, then the
constant contraflexure invalid relation is:
B. Bending moment is 2. Shear force
Mx dM x
maximum or changes sign (a) Slope Qx Vx (b) Vx
minimum dx
C. Bending moment is 3. Slope of shear
zero force diagram is d 2M x dVx
(c) Wx 2 (d) Wx .
zero over the dx dx
portion of the beam 249. Plane stress at a point in a body is defined by
D. Loading is constant 4. Shear force is zero principal stresses 3 and . The ratio of the
over the portion normal stress to the maximum shear stress on
of the beam the plane of maximum shear stress is

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 (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 2000 N/mm2 (tensile)
(c) 3 (d) 4. (d) 2000 N/mm2 (compressive).
250. Which one of the following Mohr’s circles 253. A circular solid shaft is subject to a bending
Fig. 39 represents the state of pure shear ? moment of 400 kN.m and a twisting moment
of 300 kN.m On the basis of the maximum
principal stress theory, the direct stress is
(a) and according to the maximum shear stress
theory, the shear stress is . The ratio / is
1 3
(a) (b)
5 9
9 11
(c) (d) .
5 6
254. The two cantilevers A and B shown in the Fig.
(b) 40 have the same uniform cross-section and
the same material. Free end deflection of
cantilever ‘A’ is . The value of mid-span
deflection of the cantilever ‘B’ is

(c)

1 2
(a) (b)
2 3
(c) (d) 2 .
255. A link is under a pull which lies on one of the
faces as shown in the figure 40. The magni-
(d) tude of maximum compressive stress in the
link would be:
(a) 21.3 N/mm2 (b) 16.0 N/mm2
(c) 10.7 N/mm 2 (d) zero.
256. Two coiled springs, each having stiffness K,
are placed in parallel. The stiffness of the
combination will be:
251. The state of plane stress in a plate of 100 mm
thickness is given as:
2 2
xx = 100 N/mm ; yy = 200 N/mm ; Young’s
2
modulus = 300 N/mm ; Poisson’s ratio = 0.3.
The stress developed in the direction of thick-
ness is
(a) zero (b) 90 N/mm2
(c) 100 N/mm2 (d) 200 N/mm2
252. A rod of material with E = 200 × 103 MPa
and = 10 3 mm/mm°C is fixed at both the
ends. It is uniformly heated such that the in-
crease in temperature is 30°C. The stress de-
veloped in the rod is
(a) 6000 N/mm2 (tensile)
(b) 6000 N/mm2 (compressive)

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 (a) 4K (b) 2K 500 N/m2, the internal diameter of the shell is
0.6 m and the tensile stress in the material is
K K
(c) (d) . to be limited to 9000 N/m2. The shell must
2 4 have a minimum wall thickness of nearly
257. A long slender bar having uniform rectangu-
(a) 9 mm (b) 11 mm
lar cross-section ‘B × H’ is acted upon by an
(c) 17 mm (d) 21 mm.
axial compressive force. The sides B and H
are parallel to x-and y-axes respectively. The 264. From a tension test, the yield strength of steel
ends of the bar are fixed such that they be- is found to be 200 N/mm2. Using a factory of
have as pin-joined when the bar buckles in a safety of 2 and applying maximum principal
plane normal to x- and they behave as built- stress theory of failure the permissible stress
in when the bar buckles in a plane normal to in the steel shaft subjected to torque will be
y-axis. If load capacity in either mode of buck- (a) 50 N/mm2 (b) 57.7 N/mm2
ling is same, then the value of H/B will be: (c) 86.6 N/mm2 (d) 100 N/mm2.
(a) 2 (b) 4 265. Which one of the following properties is more
(c) 8 (d) 16. sensitive to increase in strain rate?
258. The property by which an amount of energy (a) Yield strength
is absorbed by material without plastic (b) Proportional limit
determation, is called
(c) Elastic limit
(a) toughness (b) impact strength
(d) Tensile strength.
(c) ductility (d) resilience.
266. Two identical spring labelled as 1 and 2 are
259. When a weight of 100 N falls on a spring of arranged in series and subjected to force F as
stiffness 1 kN/m from a height of 2m, the de- shown in Fig. 42.
flection caused in the first fall is:
(a) equal to 0.1 m
(b) between 0.1 and 0.2 m
(c) equal to 0.2 m
(d) more than 0.2 m.
260. Which one of the following features improves
the fatigue strength of a metallic material? Assume that each spring constant is K. The
(a) Increasing the temperature strain energy stored in spring 1 is:
(b) Scratching the surface
F2 F2
(c) Overstressing (a) (b)
2K 4K
(d) Understressing.
261. Cermets are F2 F2
(a) metals for high temperature use with (c) (d) .
8K 16 K
ceramic like properties
(b) ceramics with metallic strength and lustre 267. A rod having cross-sectional area 100 × 10 6 m2
(c) coated tool materials is subjected to a tensile load. Based on the Tresca
failure criterion, if the uniaxial yield stress of the
(d) metal-cermamic composites.
material is 200 MPa, the failure load is
262. Percentage of various alloying elements present
in different steel materials are given below: (a) 10 kN (b) 20 kN
1. 18% W; 4% Cr; 1% V; 5% Co; 0.7% C (c) 100 kN (d) 200 kN.
2. 8% Mo; 4% Cr; 2% V; 6% W; 0.7% C 268. If diameter of a long column is reduced by
3. 27% Cr; 3% Ni; 5% Mo; 0.25% C 20%, the percentage of reduction in Euler
4. 18% Cr; 8% Ni; 0.15% C buckling load is:
Which of these relate to that of high speed (a) 4 (b) 36
steel ? (c) 49 (d) 59.
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 1 and 2 269. With one fixed end and other free end, a col-
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 4. umn of length L buckles at load P1. Another
263. A thin cylinder contains fluid at a pressure of column of same length and same cross-sec-

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 tion fixed at both ends buckles at load P2. The 274. A thick cylinder is subjected to internal pres-
ratio of P2/P1 is sure of 100 N/mm2. If hoop stress developed
(a) 1 (b) 2 at the outer radius of the cylinder is 100 N/
(c) 4 (d) 16. mm2, the hoop stress developed at the inner
radius is
270. In a two-dimensional problem. the state of
pure shear at a point is characterized by (a) 100 N/mm2
(a) x = y and xy = 0 (b) 200 N/mm2
(b) x = y and xy 0 (c) 300 N/mm2
(d) 400 N/mm2.
(c) x = 2 y and xy 0
275. The outside diameter of a hollow shaft is twice
(d) x = 0.5 y and xy 0. that of its inside diameter. The torque-carry-
271. The principal stresses 1, 2 and 3 at a point ing capacity of this shaft is M t1 . A solid shaft
respectively are 80 MPa, 30 MPa and 40 of the same material has the diameter equal
MPa. The maximum shear stress is to the outside diameter of the hollow shaft.
(a) 25 MPa (b) 35 MPa The solid shaft can carry a torque of / M t2 .
(c) 55 MPa (d) 60 MPa.
The ratio M t1 / M t 2 is
272. The Poisson’s ratio of a material which has
Young’s modulus of 120 GPa and shear 15 3
modulus of 50 GPa is (a) (b)
16 4
(a) 0.1 (b) 0.2
(c) 0.3 (d) 0.4. 1 1
273. Bending moment distribution in a built beam (c) (d) .
2 16
is shown in the given figure.
276. A body having weight of 1000 N is dropped
from a height of 10 cm over a close-coiled
helical spring of stiffness 200 N/cm. The re-
sulting deflection of spring is nearly.
(a) 5 cm
(b) 16 cm
(c) 35 cm
The shear force distribution in the beam is (d) 100 cm.
represented by: 277. The diameter of shaft A is twice the diameter
of shaft B and both are made of the same
material. Assuming both the shafts to rotate
(a) at he same speed. the maximum power
transmitted by B is:
(a) the same as that of A
(b) half of A
(b) (c) 1/8th of A
(d) 1/4th of A.
278. The given figure (all dimensions are in mm)
shows an I-section of the beam.
(c) The shear stress at point P (very close to the
bottom of the flange) is 12 MPa. The stress at
point Q in the web (very close to the flange)
(d) is
(a) indeterminable due to incomplete data
(b) 60 MPa
(c) 18 MPa
(d) 12 MPa.

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 (a) h/12 (b) h/6
(c) h/3 (d) h/2.
282. A thin cylindrical shell is subjected to internal
pressure p. The Poisson’s ratio of the mate-
rial of the shell is 0.3. Due to internal pres-
sure, the shell is subjected to circumferential
strain and axial strain. The ratio of circumfer-
ential strain to axial strain is:
(a) 0.425 (b) 2.25
(c) 0.225 (d) 4.25.
283. A cantilever of length L, moment of inertia I,
Young’s modulus E carries a concentrated
279. A close-coiled helical spring is made of 5 mm load W at the middle of its length. The slope
diameter wire coiled to 50 mm mean diameter. of cantilever at the free end is
Maximum shear stress in the spring under the
WL2 WL2
action of an axial force is 20 N/mm2. The (a) (b)
maximum shear stress in a spring made of 3 2 EI 4 EI
mm diameter wire coiled to 30 mm mean
diameter, under the action of the same force WL2 WL2
(c) (d) .
will be nearly 8 EI 16 EI
(a) 20 N/mm2 (b) 33.3 N/mm2
2 284. For a given material, the modulus of rigidity
(c) 55.6 N/mm (d) 92.6 N/mm2.
is 100 GPa an Poisson’s ratio is 0.25. The
280. A horizontal beam carrying uniformly distrib- value of modulus of elasticity in GPa is
uted load is supported with equal overhangs
as shown in the Fig. 46. (a) 125 (b) 150
(c) 200 (d) 250.
285. A rigid beam of negligible weight is supported
in a horizontal position by two rods of steel
and aluminium, 2 m and 1 m long having
The resultant bending moment at the mid-span values of cross-sctional areas 1 cm2 and 2 cm2
shell be zero if a/b is and E of 200 GPa and 100 GPa respectively.
A load P is applied as shown in the figure.
(a) 3/4 (b) 2/3
(c) 1/2 (d) 1/3.
281. A short column of symmetric cross-section
made of a brittle material is subjected to an
eccentric vertical load P at an eccentricity e.
To avoid tensile stress in the short column,
the eccentricity e should be less than or equal
to:

If the rigid beam is to remain horizontal, then

(a) the force on both rods should be equal
(b) the force on aluminium rod should be
twice the force on steel

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 (c) the force on the steel rod should be twice
the force on aluminium
(d) the force P must be applied at the centre
of the beam.
286. A shaft is subjected to torsion as shown.

(a)
Which of the following figures represents the
shear stress on the element LMNOPQRS?

(a)

(b)

(b)

(c)

(c)

(d)

(d)

288. A thin cylinder of radius r and thickness t

287. A cantilever is loaded by a concentrated load when subjected to an internal hydrostatic pres-
P at the free end as shown (Fig.51). The shear sure P causes a radial displacement u, then
stress in the element LMNOPQRS is under the tangential strain caused is
consideration. Which of the following figures du 1 du
represents the shear stress directions in the (a) (b)
dr r dt
cantilever?

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 u 2u sE sE 2
(c) (d) . (a) (b)
r r V V
*289.
sV 2 s 2V
(c) (d)
E 2E
*291. A thick open ended cylinder as shown in the
Fig. 54, is made of a material with permissible
normal and shear stresses 200 MPa and 100
MPa respectively. The ratio of permissible
pressure based on the normal and shear stress
is:
I = 375 × 10 6 m4
l = 0.5 m
E = 200 GPa
Determine the stiffness of the beam shown in
the above Fig.53.
(a) 12 × 1010 N/m (b) 10 × 1010 N/m
(c) 4 × 1010 N/m (d) 8 × 1010 N/m.
290. Strain energy stored in a body of volume V
subjected to uniform stress s is (a) 9/5 (b) 8/5
(c) 7/5 (d) 4/5

1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (b)

9. (a) 10. (a) 11. (a) 12. (d) 13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (b) 16. (c)
17. (d) 18. (a) 19. (a) 20. (d) 21. (c) 22. (c) 23. (b) 24. (c)
25. (b) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (b) 29. (c) 30. (c) 31. (c) 32. (b)
33. (d) 34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (a) 37. (c) 38. (a) 39. (b) 40. (b)
41. (a) 42. (a) 43. (b) 44. (b) 45. (b) 46. (c) 47. (a) 48. (b)
49. (c) 50. (b) 51. (b) 52. (b) 53. (c) 54. (d) 55. (a) 56. (b)
57. (a) 58. (a) 59. (b) 60. (a) 61. (c) 62. (a) 63. (a) 64. (a)
65. (c) 66. (c) 67. (a) 68. (b) 69. (c) 70. (b) 71. (c) 72. (b)
73. (c) 74. (b) 75. (a) 76. (b) 77. (b) 78. (c) 79. (b) 80. (a)
81. (c) 82. (b) 83. (c) 84. (a) 85. (b) 86. (a) 87. (b) 88. (c)
89. (b) 90. (d) 91. (d) 92. (a) 93. (a) 94. (c) 95. (c) 96. (b)
97. (a) 98. (d) 99. (d) 100. (d) 101. (a) 102. (b) 103. (a) 104. (a)
105. (a) 106. (d) 107. (b) 108. (a) 109. (b) 110. (b) 111. (a) *112. (c)
113. (a) *114. (a) *115. (c) 116. (b) 117. (c) *118. (c) *119. (c) *120. (c)
*121. (a) *122. (d) *123. (c) 124. (c) *125. (a) *126. (b) 127. (c) 128. (c)
*129. (a) *130. (d) 131. (c) *132. (b) 133. (a) *134. (d) *135. (d) 136. (a)
137. (d) 138. (c) *139. (b) *140. (c) *141. (b) *142. (b) 143. (b) *144. (d)
145. (d) *146. (b) 147. (a) 148. (a) *149. (d) 150. (b) 151. (a) 152. (c)
153. (a) 154. (b) 155. (c) 156. (d) 157. (a) 158. (b) 159. (a) *160. (c)
161. (a) 162. (c) *163. (d) *164. (c) *165. (a) 166. (b) 167. (b) *168. (c)
169. (d) 170. (d) 171. (c) 172. (c) 173. (a) 174. (a) *175. (d) 176. (d)
177. (d) 178. (c) 179. (c) 180. (c) 181. (c) 182. (c) 183. (c) 184. (b)

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 185. (a) 186. (c) 187. (a) 188. (d) 189. (b) 190. (d) *191. (a) 192. (d)
*193. (a) 194. (d) 195. (d) 196. (a) 197. (a) 198. (d) 199. (b) 200. (a)
201. (d) 202. (b) 203. (d) 204. (a) 205. (d) 206. (c) 207. (b) 208. (a)
209. (c) 210. (d) 211. (b) *212. (c) *213. (d) 214. (d) 215. (b) 216. (d)
217. (d) 218. (b) 219. (a) 220. (b) 221. (d) 222. (c) 223. (d) 224. (c)
225. (b) 226. (b) *227. (a) *228. (a) *229. (a) *230. (a) *231. (a) *232. (b)
*233. (b) *234. (b) *235. (c) *236. (d) *237. (b) 238. (b) *239. (a) *240. (d)
241. (d) 242. (c) *243. (a) 244. (b) 245. (b) 246. (b) 247. (c) 248. (d)
249. (b) 250. (c) 251. (a) 252. (b) 253. (c) 254. (d) 255. (d) 256. (b)
257. (a) 258. (d) 259. (b) 260. (d) 261. (c) 262. (b) 263. (c) 264. (d)
265. (b) 266. (b) 267. (b) 268. (d) 269. (d) 270. (b) 271. (a) 272. (b)
273. (a) 274. (b) 275. (a) 276. (b) 277. (c) 278. (d) 279. (c) 280. (c)
281. (b) 282. (d) 283. (a) 284. (d) 285. (b) 286. (b) 287. (b) 288. (a)
289. (a) 290. (d) 291. (b)

*112. Stiffness of spring k Cd 4

64 R 3n
where, C = Modulus of rigidity (same in both cases),
d = Diameter of wire (same in both cases),
n = Number of coils (8 and 10 respectively), and
75 60
R Mean radius of coil mm and mm respectively .
2 2
1 1
k1 3
and k2 3
75 60
8 10
2 2
3
k2 75 8
1.56 or k = 1.56 k1 (Ans.)
k1 60 10 2

Thus, (c) is the correct choice.

Weight 2 2
*115. Centrifugal force 2 w/ A 2 w l A
radius l
g g g

w 2l 2 A w 2 2
l
Stress due to this force
g A g

Also, Stress Stress l Stress

E or Strain or
Strain E l E

or, l (extension) Stress w 2l 2 w 2l 3

l l (Ans.)
E gE gE
*118. Steel is highly elastic because it undergoes least deformation when loaded, and it regains its original
shape/form when the load is removed.
*119. The maximum shear stress
2 2
y – x 2 40 – (– 40)
xy 302 50 MPa (Ans.)
2 2
Thus, (c) is the corrrect choice.

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