Term paper

Environmental Protection

Submitted to:

Mr. Orlando Basongit

By:

Estioco, Michael John

Laban, Ranzel

Mariano, Dejay

Medina, Koleen

Vergonia, Hacelen
Abstract

The protection of the environment is essential for the health of the planet.

Governments and organizations must work together to create laws and regulations

to protect the environment and reduce pollution. Some of these measures include

reducing air and water pollution, preventing deforestation and land degradation,

minimizing the use of toxic chemicals, and increasing the use of renewable energy

sources. In addition, governments can provide incentives for businesses to adopt

green practices, such as investing in renewable energy and energy efficiency.

Individuals can also help to protect the environment by reducing their energy

consumption, recycling, and being mindful of the products they buy.

Introduction

Environmental Protection

Environmental protection is the practice of protecting the natural environment by

individuals, organisations and governments. Its objectives are to conserve natural

resources and the existing natural environment and, where possible, to repair

damage and reverse trends. Environmental protection is improving, defending, and

maintaining the quality of the environment. The main methods of environmental

protection are recycling, reusing, and reducing; however, some other methods such

as Green Energy production, green transportation development, and eco-friendly

industrialization also exist. Not only residents but also businesses and industries

should play their basic roles to improve the environment.

Environmental protection also focuses on solving problems arising from the

interaction between humans and environmental systems and includes issues related

to conservation, pollution, loss of biodiversity, land degradation or environmental

policy.

The key aim of environmental protection is to prevent the degradation of the natural

environment which is affected by increasing population, technology and

overconsumption, all of which have created a negative impact on the environment

and continue to put humans and animals at risk.

Another element of environmental protection is resource management, the way

humans interact with the natural world in order to protect and preserve natural

ecosystems. This may involve considering ethical, economic and ecological

variables in order to limit environmental degradation.

Environmental management is the process by which environmental health is

regulated. It does not involve managing the environment itself, but it is the process of

taking steps and behaviours to have a positive effect on the environment. To reduce

the risk of these environmental impacts’ occurrence, we clearly set objectives and

targets such as: Protection of Land Conservation of Water; Protection of Forests;

Animals in Our Environment; Our Climate. The following are the characteristics of

the environmental management:

● It deals with a world affected by humans

● It supports sustainable development It demands a multidisciplinary approach

● It has to integrate different development view points

 ● It seeks to integrate natural & social science, policy making & planning.

Concept of Environmental Management is an attempt to control human impact on

and interaction with the environment in order to preserve natural resources.

Environmental management focuses on the improvement of human welfare for

present and future generations. Administrative functions that develop, implement,

and monitor the environmental policy of an organisation. Environment management

implies not only a mere management of the environment but it is essentially the

management of various activities with intolerable constraints imposed by the

environment itself and with full consideration of ecological factors. Thus it involves

environmental planning, conservation of resources, environmental status evaluation

and environmental legislation and administration.

Significance of Environmental Management is an approach which integrates

Ecology, Policy making, Planning and Social development. Its main objectives are

as follows:

● To prevent and solve environmental problems.

● To establish limits To develop research institutions and monitoring systems.

● To warn threats and identify opportunities.

● To suggest measures for resource conservation.

● To develop a strategy for the improvement of quality.

● To suggest long-term and short-term policies for sustainable development.

Background
Environmental history emerged as a new field of study as environmental problems

began to rise up the global political agenda in the 1960s and 1970s. Its primary goal

is to show how environmental change and human actions are interconnected. And

the natural world, instead of being merely the backdrop against which the affairs of

humans are played out, is recognized as playing an active role in historical

processes. Undertaking research in this area can be challenging since

environmental history, influenced from the outset by the holism of ecology, is an

interdisciplinary endeavor that requires some familiarity with methods and

approaches from both the humanities and environmental sciences. As well as trained

historians, environmental history attracts contributors from a wide range of other

disciplines, from social anthropology through to historical geography and the natural

sciences (including botany, climatology, ecology, hydrology, pedology and zoology).

Environmental historians, whatever their backgrounds may be, are breaking down

disciplinary borders to examine the complexities of human-environment relationships

over the long term. By exploring the interactions between social systems and

ecological processes in the past, environmental history aims to promote better

informed planning and policymaking for the future. In this essay, the emphasis will be

on major themes and issues in environmental history such as biological exchanges,

cities, deforestation, pollution problems, soil erosion, rivers, seas and oceans to

demonstrate the dynamic growth and development of the field.

THE SEVEN LAWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LAW

LAW DESCRIPTION
1. R. 9003 – Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000

In partnership with stakeholders, the law aims to adopt a systematic, comprehensive

and ecological solid waste management program that shall ensure the protection of

public health and environment. The law ensures proper segregation, collection,

storage, treatment and disposal of solid waste through the formulation and

adaptation of best eco-waste products.

2. R. 9275 – Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004

The law aims to protect the country's water bodies from pollution from land-based

sources (industries and commercial establishments, agriculture and

community/household activities). It provides for comprehensive and integrated

strategy to prevent and minimize pollution through a multi-sectoral and participatory

approach involving all the stakeholders.

3. R. 6969 – Toxic Substances, Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of

1990

The law aims to protect the country's water bodies from pollution from land-based

sources (industries and commercial establishments, agriculture and

community/household activities). It provides for comprehensive and integrated

strategy to prevent and minimize pollution through a multi-sectoral and participatory

approach involving all the stakeholders,

4. R. 8435 – Agriculture and Fisheries

It establishes that the Department of Agriculture, together with other appropriate

Modernization Act of 1997 agencies should take into account climate change,

weather disturbances and annual productivity cycles in forecasting and formulating

appropriate agricultural and fisheries programs.

5. R. 8749 – Clean Air Act of 1999

This moves for an effective air quality management program that will mitigate the

worsening problem of air pollution in the country.

6. R. 9512 – National Environmental Awareness and Education Act of 2008

This promotes national awareness on the role of natural resources in economic

growth and the importance of environmental conservation and ecological balance

towards sustained national development.

7. R. 9513 – Renewable Energy Act of 2008

It promotes the development, utilization and commercialization of renewable energy

resources.

Ways to Conserve the Forest

Controlled Deforestation

While deforestation cannot be avoided completely, we must look to control it. Young

and immature trees should not be felled as far as possible. We must look to avoid

large-scale commercial deforestation as well. Adapting practices such as clear-

cutting or selective cutting will be beneficial in the long run.

Protect against Forest Fires

Forest fires are the most common and deadly cause of loss of forests. They can start

due to natural causes or can be accidents caused by man or even intentional in

some cases. Once a fire spreads in a forest it is very difficult to control. Precautions

must be taken for such incidents. Making fire lanes, spreading chemicals to control

fire, clearing out dry leaves and trees etc.

WATER CONSERVATION

What is Water Conservation? Water conservation is a practice in which people,

companies, and governments attempt to reduce their water usage. Water is essential

to life on earth. We need water to grow food, keep clean, provide power, control fire,

and last but not least, we need it to stay alive! If water is constantly being cleaned

and recycled through the earth’s water cycle, People use up our planet’s freshwater

faster than it can naturally be replenished.

1. Take short showers and share bathwater. Showers use much less water. The

other choice is to fill a bucket with water and take a can or a jug, and keep

filling it with water from the bucket and pouring it over your head - if you have

some extra water save it for some other person to use. You can lather

yourself up with the water turned off in the middle of the shower. 2. Pollute

less. When washing dishes, wash greasy pans last to keep the water clean. 3.

Turn off taps properly. Especially when brushing your teeth - every little bit

helps. 4. Fix dripping taps. The constant drip wastes water, energy and

money, so repair them as soon as possible. You can also save by installing

an inexpensive "flow control" device in shower heads and faucets. 5. Use

appliances efficiently. Running the clothes washer with a full load and using

cold water (30 degrees Celsius) whenever possible can lead to big energy

savings. Use detergents that clean clothes effectively in colder water.

THREATS TO NATIONAL SECURITY

National Security – is a state or condition where our most cherished values and

beliefs, our democratic way of life, our institutions of governance and our unity,

welfare and well- being as a nation and people are permanently protected and

continuously enhanced.

There are seven (7) fundamental elements that lie at the core which therefore further

amplify our definition of national security. At the same time, they constitute the most

important challenges we face as a nation and people.

1. Socio – political stability- We must achieve peace and harmony among all

Filipinos, regardless of creed, ethnic origin or social station. The government and the

people must engage in nation – building under the rule of law, constitutional

democracy and full respect for human rights.

2. Territorial integrity- we must ensure the permanent inviolability of our nation

territory and its effective control by the government and the state.

3. Economic solidarity and strength – we must vigorously pursue a free – market

economy through responsible entrepreneurship based on social conscience, respect

for the dignity of labour and concern for the public interest.

4. Ecological balance – national survival rests upon the effective conservation of our

natural environment in the face of industrial and agricultural expansion and

population growth.

5. cultural cohesiveness – our lives as a people must be ruled by a common set of

values and beliefs grounded on high moral and ethical standards, drawn from our

heritage and embodying a Filipino standard identity transcending religious, ethic

and linguistic differences.

6. Moral – spiritual consensus – we must be propelled by a national vision inspired

and manifested in our words and deeds, by patriotism national pride and the

advancement of national goals and objective.

7. External peace – we must pursue constructive and cordial relations with all

nations and peoples, even as our nations itself must chart an independent course,

free from external control, interference or threat or aggression.

External Threats

A. The multilateral dispute over the Spratly Island, is a source of intermittent

tensions,owing the build-up structures,believed to be military–oriented,by

some claimant countries in the area.

B. The smuggling firearms and contraband, illegal migration and occasional

Movement of foreign terrorists through the porous borders of our south western

frontier have elicited transnational concern.Philippine Law Enforcement Agencies

work closely with international police organizations,bilaterally and multilaterally,

to check these activities.

C. The lingering effects of the currency crisis affecting the countries within the

Association of SouthEast Asian Nations (ASEAN ) are a cause of regional

anxietieswhichtendtoaggravatethepoliticalinstabilitiesandsocio-economic

dislocations involving the poorest people.

D. Theseriouseconomicdisparitybetweenrichandpoornationskeepstheworldin

A state of instability and virtually on the brinkorwarin many places.

E. Ethnic, religious and cultural conflict pervades many regions and nations

includingourown.Itisconstantlyexacerbatedbymasspoverty,limitedaccessto

resources,denial human rights,lack of national integration and international

Issues.
Natural Threats

a. Earthquakes

b. Typhoons

c. Floods

d. VolcanicEruptions

e. Tsunamis

THE ROLE OF THE YOUTH IN THE NATIONAL SECURITY

4 Ways Youth Can Make an Impact, it provided the youth means to contribute to the

country’s national security. It emphasized that youth engagement can bring about

social change. It sends a message that the youth don’t have to wait to become

adults to be significant and active members of society.

1. Know your rights. Read up, get informed and practise your right!! The youth can

maximise their rights if they are well-informed. The existing rights are only of value to

the youth if they are understood, observed and used.

2. Learn about local issues. What are the concerns plaguing your community? How

are the concerns affecting you and your immediate environment? Knowing the

problem can lead to possible solutions and the youth’s role in the grand scheme of

things.

3. Speak out. Don’t be afraid to speak your mind either online, through social media,

and offline, gatherings and meetings. Be assertive and express your interests.

Someone is bound to read or to listen to it. However, be responsible for what you

aired and support it with facts. Also, respect the views of others regardless if it

agrees or disagrees with you.

4. Network . There is strength in numbers. Reach out to them and learn their efforts

and initiatives. It could pave the way to bigger things for you.

FOREST PROTECTION CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT

Forest protection is a branch of forestry which is concerned with the preservation or

improvementofaforestandpreventionandcontrolofdamagetoforestbynaturalorman-

made

causes.(Example-fire, animals, insects, fungi, injurious plants and adverse climatic

conditions.

This forest protection also has a legal status and rather than protection from only

people

Damaging the forests is seen to be broader and include forest pathology too.Thus

due to this the different emphases around the world paradoxically suggest different

things for forest protection.

The types of man-inducedabusethatforestprotectionseekstopreventinclude:

● Aggressive Or Unsustainable Farming And Logging

● Pollution Of Soil On Which Forests Grow

● Expanding city development caused by population explosion and the resulting

urban sprawl

Forest Conservation

A Factory of oxygen and various other very important natural resources. Similarly,the

environment too wouldn't survive without forests. Let us take a look at

forest conservation. Forest conservation as the name suggests is the preservation

and the protection of forests.It Also involves the reversal of deforestation and
environmental pollution.The preservation of all natural resources is absolutely

essential for the balance of our ecosystem.

WATER CONSERVATION

Water conservation is a practice in which people, companies, and governments

attempt to reduce their water usage.Water is essential to life on earth.We need water

to grow food, keepclean, provide power, controlfire, and last but not least,we need it

to stay alive!I water is constantly being cleaned and recycled through the earth's

water cycle, people use up our planet’s freshwater faster than it can naturally be

replenished.

12 ways you can protect the environment

1. Consume less.

Curbing consumption can have a huge impact on the environment. The three

"R's"—reduce, reuse and recycle— get a lot of attention, but the planet could

benefit from some focus on the most important and most underrepresented

"R": refuse.

When you refuse, you say "no," which is not always easy. Freebies at events,

cheap goods on clearance, the hot new children's toys or the latest gadgets

that promise to make your life better—none of these are essential. And they

almost always end up either in the trash or forgotten in the back of a closet.

Next time you’re tempted to purchase or accept a non-essential item, think

about whether it would truly improve your life. If not, it's ok to just say, "No,

thanks!"

2. Compost.

Another “R” that doesn’t get much attention but has important environmental

implications is “rot.” As in, let your food and yard waste rot naturally in the soil

instead of sending it to the landfill. In other words: compost.

Composting your food scraps and yard waste offers double rewards: it keeps

an incredible amount of trash out of the waste stream, and it produces free,

rich soil to use in your garden. Some cities now pick up organic waste

alongside regular trash and recycling pick up. If your area doesn’t offer this

service, no worries— you can set up a low-maintenance compost pile in your

backyard.

3. Choose reusable over single-use

Think about how many people you see each day drinking beverages from

disposable cups or disposable bottles, sipping from disposable straws,

carrying disposable grocery bags, eating from disposable plates or containers

and using disposable utensils. All that single-use plastic has to go

somewhere, and it’s had a devastating effect on our soil, oceans and marine

life.
All of the above items (and more) have more environmentally responsible

counterparts. Switch to reusable items and make a commitment to use them

as often as possible. You’ll have less trash piling up at your curb, and you’ll be

helping to protect the environment in a major way.

4. Upcycle more

Get creative with your useless or unwanted items by upcycling—basically,

turning trash into treasure. Creating something new such as artwork, toys or

jewelry is both satisfying and one of the best ways to protect the environment.

Not only does it keep items out of the trash, it can prevent having to purchase

new items, which require lots of resources to produce. Children love making

things; so instead of heading to the craft store, check out your recycle bin first

and let their imaginations soar!

5. Recycle properly

If you can’t refuse it…and you can’t rot it…and you can’t reduce it…and you

can’t upcycle or reuse it…then it’s time to turn to the final “R”—recycling.

Educate yourself on what can and cannot be recycled in your bins at home.

Throwing the wrong items in the recycle bin can result in an entire load being

rejected, which means … back to the landfill.

You can also easily find out how to recycle special items such as electronics,

batteries and appliances. Check with your local municipality for drop-off sites,

and make an effort to get your items to the proper disposal sites.
6. Shop secondhand

Did you know it takes over 700 gallons of water to grow enough cotton to

make just one plain t-shirt?

Instead of heading to the mall to buy new clothes, consider looking first in a

thrift store or vintage shop, or trading clothes with friends. You can breathe

new life into your wardrobe without wasting the precious resources needed to

produce new clothing.

Shopping secondhand also applies for many other categories of consumer

goods: children’s games and toys, shoes, appliances, furniture, cars and

more.

7. Buy local

While we’re on the topic of shopping, it’s important to think about the path your

stuff takes just to get to you. All that packaging, combined with the fuel

needed for delivery, really takes a toll on the environment. Instead, check out

your local farmers market for fresh, package-free food; try eating at a farm-to-

table restaurant; and buy from local artists, clothing makers, and retailers

before you click for that two-day shipping.

8. Use fewer chemicals

Want to protect the environment? Use fewer harmful chemicals and you’ll be

on the right track. It’s hard to be sure about the long-term negative effects
chemicals can have, both on our bodies and on the planet, so it’s best to avoid

them if possible. Opt for chemical-free lawn and garden care; all-natural

beauty and hygiene items; natural household cleaners; and organic food. The

Earth will thank you!

9. Walk, bike or carpool

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), a typical

passenger vehicle emits about 4.6 metric tons of carbon dioxide per year.1

Any amount of that we can cut back on will help. For short trips, try walking or

biking—you’ll also get a healthy dose of exercise, without setting foot in a

gym. If travelling on foot or two wheels isn’t feasible, try carpooling with a

friend, neighbour or coworker to a mutual destination. And if all else fails and

you need to drive your car, line up errands in the most efficient route to save

time and miles driven.

10. Use less water

Conserving water at home is one of the easiest ways to protect the

environment. Think of all the times you consume water, both inside and

outside your home; then, make adjustments as you can. For example:

● Turn off the tap while you brush your teeth.

● Fix leaky faucets.

 ● Make your water use more efficient by aerating faucets, using sprinklers

that reduce runoff and installing low-flow toilets and efficient shower

heads.

● Collect and use rainwater for watering plants.

● Shorten your shower by a few minutes—or skip it altogether if you don't

really need one that day.

● Only run your dishwasher or washing machine when it's full

● These are just the basics—you can get really creative when it comes to

conserving water.

11. Use your purchasing power for good

The positive thing about being a consumer is that we have the power to

choose where we spend our hard-earned dollars. Think of your money as your

voice and your vote for a cleaner planet. Spend it wisely on goods, services

and experiences that leave a smaller carbon footprint. Choose to do business

with companies that support sustainability efforts, utilize renewable energy

sources and walk the walk when it comes to protecting the environment.

Money talks—if enough people use their purchasing power for the good of the

Earth, it will create a demand for sustainable practices. Businesses will either

have to comply … or be left behind.

12. Conserve electricity

As you can guess, we’re quite fond of this method of protecting the

environment! Anytime you can use less electricity, it’s a win for the planet. Try

some of these quick ways to conserve energy around your home:

● Trade incandescent bulbs for more energy-efficient CFLs or LEDs.

● Use smart power strips, which turn off the power to electronics when

they’re not being used. (Or, simply unplug power cords from the wall

when items aren’t in use.)

● Use a programmable or smart thermostat.

● Maintain your heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) system.

● When it’s time to buy a new appliance, choose an Energy Star-certified

model.

● Seal air leaks around doors and windows.

● Make sure your home is properly insulated to the recommended level of

heat resistance (“R-value”) for where you live.

● Use ceiling fans to circulate warm air in the winter and cold air in the

summer.

Methods
There was a total of 110 responses received. The demographics were 68% females
and 32% males. The majority of the respondents were between 16 and 17 years old
and they made up 72% of the respondents. The rest of the 28% were 14, 15, 18 and
19 years old. This means the majority were from grades 11 and 12, which are 85%
of the respondents.

Ganito yung sa methods diba?

Result

Recycle Reduce, and Reuse of the environment is the best way of preserving natural

resources, making proportional use of energy and resources at present and

protecting the environment for a long-run. By practicing the three ethics, both life and

nature can get along simultaneously, without any risk. Healthy ecosystems clean our

water, purify our air, maintain our soil, regulate the climate, recycle nutrients and

provide us with food. They provide raw materials and resources for medicines and

other purposes. They are at the foundation of all civilization and sustain our

economies. It's that simple: we could not live without these “ecosystem services”.

They are what we call our natural capital.

The world climate will remain normal. Harming the Environment and causing

pollution have caused global warming. Due to this many humans and animals have

died. Hence, saving the environment would reduce global warming.

The health of people would improve. Due to pollution and deforestation, the health of

many people is poor. Conserving the Environment would certainly improve the health

of people. Most noteworthy, saving Environment would reduce many diseases.

Saving Environment would certainly protect the animals. Extinction of many species

will not take place due to saving Environment. Many endangered species would also

increase in population.

The water level would rise. Damage to Environment has severely reduced the level

of groundwater. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of clean drinking water around the

World. Due to this, many people fell ill and die. Saving Environment would certainly

avoid such problems.

Biodiversity is the key indicator of the health of an ecosystem. A wide variety of

species will cope better with threats than a limited number of them in large

populations. Even if certain species are affected by pollution, climate change or

human activities, the ecosystem as a whole may adapt and survive. But the

extinction of a species may have unforeseen impacts, sometimes snowballing into

the destruction of entire ecosystems.

Conclusion

Environment is a precious gift on this planet. Our Environment is facing a big danger.

Saving Environment is the need of the hour. Probably, it is the biggest concern of

humanity right now. Any delay in this regard could be disastrous. With pollution

increasing each year and causing deterioration of the natural environment, it has

become necessary to take steps to protect the natural environment. As we know that

the reason for all these problems is humans, governments should make policies to

restrict their activities that are causing harm to the environment. If they are not

stopped urgently, then the world might see some catastrophic destruction in the

coming years. A secured future depends on the environment as a whole.

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