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Statistical Tests and When To Use Them

This document provides information on common statistical tests and their uses. It lists the average, standard deviation, correlation, Pearson correlation, chi-square, t-test, z-test, and ANOVA tests. For each test, it gives a brief description of what the test is used for and how to perform the calculation in Google Sheets using built-in functions. It also includes a short section about error bars and how they graphically represent the variability of data on charts.

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268 views2 pages

Statistical Tests and When To Use Them

This document provides information on common statistical tests and their uses. It lists the average, standard deviation, correlation, Pearson correlation, chi-square, t-test, z-test, and ANOVA tests. For each test, it gives a brief description of what the test is used for and how to perform the calculation in Google Sheets using built-in functions. It also includes a short section about error bars and how they graphically represent the variability of data on charts.

Uploaded by

api-238667529
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Statistical Tests and When to Use Them

TEST USE
Average The central tendency of the collected data
Standard Deviation A measure that is used to quantify the amount of variation or
dispersion of a set of data values. (How accurately does the mean
represent the data.)
Correlation These test look for an association between variables
Pearson Correlation Tests for the strength of the association between two continuous
variables
Chi-Square Determines whether observed frequencies differ significantly from
expected frequencies
T-Test To compare two means or proportions. Usually with smaller
sample sizes (n<30). Tells you if two averages are different from
each other.
Z-test Compare population means to a sample. Usually with larger
sample sizes (n>30).
ANOVA Used to determine whether there are any statistically significant
(Analysis of Variance) differences between the means of three or more independent
(unrelated) groups

You can use Google Sheets to perform the calculations for you by using the formula function.

Test Google formula

Average =AVERAGE(data range)

Standard Deviation =STDEV(data range)


example =stdev(A2:A50)

Pearson Correlation =CORREL(data range of y, data range of x)

Chi-Square =CHITEST(observed_range, expected_range)

T-Test =T.TEST(range1, range2, tails, type)

Z-test =Z.TEST(data, value, [standard_deviation])

ANOVA to do anova in sheets you must download


(Analysis of Variance) XLMiner Analysis Toolbox
Error bars
Error bars are a graphical representation of the variability of data and are used on graphs to
indicate the error, or uncertainty in a reported measurement. They give a general idea of how
precise a measurement is, or conversely, how far from the reported value the true (error free)
value might be. 

The data in
group b is much
more precise.

The data in
group e is more
dispersed.

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