College of Engineering Education

2nd Floor, B&E Building

Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO
College of Engineering Education
Civil Engineering Program

Physically Distanced but Academically Engaged

Self-Instructional Manual (SIM) for
Self-Directed Learning (SDL)

Course/Subject: BCE 321/L: BUILDING SYSTEMS DESIGN

Name of Authors: Engr. DANNY MAR NAIPA

THIS SIM/SDL MANUAL IS A DRAFT VERSION ONLY; NOT FOR REPRODUCTION AND
DISTRIBUTION OUTSIDE OF ITS INTENDED USE. THIS IS INTENDED ONLY FOR THE USE
OF THE STUDENTS WHO ARE OFFICIALLY ENROLLED IN THE COURSE/SUBJECT.

EXPECT REVISIONS OF THE MANUAL.

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

Course Outline: BCE 321/L – Building Systems Design

Course Coordinator: Danny Mar Naipa, RCE

Email: [email protected]
Student Consultation: By appointment
Mobile:
Phone: (082) 296-1084 or 300-5456 loc. 133
Effectivity Date: January 14, 2020
Mode of Delivery: Blended (On-line with face to face or virtual sessions)
Time Frame: 54 hours
Student Workload: Expected Self-Directed Learning
Pre-requisite: Draw 101/D
Co-requisite: None
Credit: 2.0 units lecture, 1.0 unit laboratory
Attendance Requirements: A minimum of 95% attendance is required at all
scheduled Virtual or face-to-face sessions

Course Outline Policy

Areas of Concern Details

Contact and Non-contact Hours This 3-unit course self-instructional manual is

designed for blended learning mode of instructional
delivery with scheduled face to face or virtual sessions.
The expected number of hours will be 108 including
the face-to-face or virtual sessions. The face-to-face
sessions shall include the summative assessment tasks
(exams) since this course is crucial in the licensure
examination for civil engineers.

Assessment Task Submission Submission of assessment tasks shall be on 3rd, 5th, 7th
and 9th week of the term. The assessment paper shall
be attached with a cover page indicating the title of the
assessment task (if the task is performance), the
name of the course coordinator, date of submission
and name of the student. The document should be
emailed to the course coordinator. It is also expected

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

that you already paid your tuition and other fees

before the submission of the assessment task.

If the assessment task is done in real time through the

features in the Blackboard Learning Management
System, the schedule shall be arranged ahead of time
by the course coordinator.

Turnitin Submission To ensure honesty and authenticity, all assessment

tasks are required to be submitted through Turnitin
(if necessary) with a maximum similarity index of 30% allowed. This
means that if your paper goes beyond 30%, the
students will either opt to redo her/his paper or
explain in writing addressed to the course coordinator
the reasons for the similarity. In addition, if the paper
has reached more than 30% similarity index, the
student may be called for a disciplinary action in
accordance with the University’s OPM on Intellectual
and Academic Honesty.

Please note that academic dishonesty such as cheating

and commissioning other students or people to
complete the task for you have severe punishments
(reprimand, warning, expulsion).

Penalties for Late The score for an assessment item submitted after the
designated time on the due date, without an approved
Assignments/Assessments extension of time, will be reduced by 5% of the
possible maximum score for that assessment item for
each day or part day that the assessment item is late.

However, if the late submission of assessment paper

has a valid reason, a letter of explanation should be
submitted and approved by the course coordinator. If
necessary, you will also be required to present/attach
evidences.
Return of Assignments/ Assessment tasks will be returned to you two (2)
weeks
Assessments
after the submission. This will be returned by email or
via Blackboard portal.

For group assessment tasks, the course coordinator

will require some or few of the students for online or
virtual sessions to ask clarificatory questions to

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

validate the originality of the assessment task

submitted and to ensure that all the group members
are involved.

Assignment Resubmission You should request in writing addressed to the course

coordinator his/her intention to resubmit an

assessment task. The resubmission is premised on the
student’s failure to comply with the similarity index
and other reasonable grounds such as academic
literacy standards or other reasonable circumstances
e.g. illness, accidents financial constraints.

Re-marking of Assessment You should request in writing addressed to the

Papers and Appeal program coordinator your intention to appeal or
contest the score given to an assessment task. The
letter should explicitly explain the reasons/points to
contest the grade. The program coordinator shall
communicate with the students on the approval and
disapproval of the request.

If disapproved by the course coordinator, you can

elevate your case to the program head or the dean
with the original letter of request. The final decision
will
come from the dean of the college.
Grading System All culled from BlackBoard sessions and traditional
contact
Exam 1 – 10%
Exam 2 – 10%
Exam 3 – 10%
Exam 4 – 30%
Quizzes – 10%
Plates – 30%
Submission of the final grades shall follow the usual
University system and procedures.
Preferred Referencing Style Depends on the discipline; if uncertain or inadequate,
use the general practice of the APA 6th Edition.

Student Communication You are required to create a umindanao email account

which is a requirement to access the BlackBoard
portal.

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

Then, the course coordinator shall enroll the students

to have access to the materials and resources of the
course. All communication formats: chat, submission
of assessment tasks, requests etc. shall be through the
portal and other university recognized platforms.

You can also meet the course coordinator in person

through the scheduled face to face sessions to raise
your issues and concerns.

For students who have not created their student email,

please contact the course coordinator or program
head.

Contact Details of the Dean Dr. Charlito L. Cañesares

Email: [email protected]
Phone: (082) 296-1084 or 300-5456 loc. 133
Contact Details of the Program Engr. Showna Lee T. Sales
Email: [email protected]
Head
Phone: (082) 296-1084 or 300-5456 loc. 133
Students with Special Needs Students with special needs shall communicate with
the course coordinator about the nature of his or her
special needs. Depending on the nature of the need,
the course coordinator with the approval of the
program coordinator may provide alternative
assessment tasks or extension of the deadline of
submission of assessment tasks. However, the
alternative assessment tasks should still be in the
service of achieving the desired course learning
outcomes.

Help Desk Contact Frida Santa O. Dagatan

[email protected]
09562082442
082-2272902
Library Contact Brigida E. Bacani
[email protected]
09513766681

Course Information- see/download course syllabus in the BlackBoard LMS

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

CC’s Voice: Hello future engineer! Welcome to this course BCE 321/L: Building
Systems Design. By now, I am confident that you really wanted to become a civil
engineer and that you have foreseen yourself building and exploring the world.

CO: Upon completion of the course, you are expected to:

CO 1. Recognize the principles used in the appropriate selection of interior and

exterior construction materials, finishes, products, components, and assemblies
relative to fundamental performance, aesthetics, durability, environmental
impact, material resources, and cost-effectivity

CO 2: Develop the appropriate application and performance of building service

systems, including lighting, mechanical, plumbing, electrical, communication,
vertical transportation, security, and fire protection systems.

CO 3: Ability to make technically clear drawings, and outline specifications.

Let us begin!

Week 4-6: Unit Learning Outcomes-Unit 2 (ULO-2): At the end of the unit, you are
expected to

a. Knowledgeable in technical documentation and specification.

b. Acknowledge the different types of aesthetics, durability and
energy transfer.

Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2a. Knowledgeable in technical documentation

and specification.

Metalanguage
The most essential terms below are defined for you to have a better
understanding of this section in the course.

1. Documentation. material that provides official information or evidence or that

serves as a record.

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

2. Specification. a detailed description of the design and materials used to make

something.
3. Planning. are a set of drawings or two-dimensional diagrams used to describe a
place or object, or to communicate building or fabrication instructions.
4. Calculation. mathematical determination of the size or number of something.
5. Building Permit. are a type of authorization that must be granted by a
government or other regulatory body before the construction of a new or
existing building can legally occur.

Essential Knowledge

Drawings are important because they are used to communicate the technical details of a
project in a common format. The drawings also become the foundation for future
projects and cost savings for customers. A complete drawing set can easily reduce the
amount of time spent on-site.

A building permit essentially secures the safety, uniformity in design, and compliance
with the law of a certain construction. It will only be issued once all the legal
requirements and local regulations are met. It ensures that certain standards are
complied with even before putting the building plan into action. The applicant will have
to submit requirements with the appropriate government representatives. They will
inspect things such as the architectural plans, seismic analysis, and electrical layout
before the building permit is released.

TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION

1. Space Planning

Space planning is a fundamental element of the interior design process. It starts

with an in-depth analysis of how the space is to be used. The designer then
draws up a plan that defines the zones of the space and the activities that will
take place in those zones. The space plan will also define the circulation patterns
that show how people will move through the space. The plan is finished by
adding details of all the furniture, equipment and hardware placement.

Considerations in deciding how to layout the room:

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

▪ Think about the structure of the room, what are the main focal points? These
could be windows, fireplaces, doors or built in units. Are they balanced in the
room? If not, think about what you can add to the space to help balance the
structure of the space. Remember that the human eye is drawn to focal points,
and will scan a space when entering it.
▪ Perception of space is based on body size. Different size spaces suit different size
people: one person’s claustrophobic box is another’s cosy nest.
▪ Think about the space in terms of volume, eg: if it were a fish bowl, if you add in a
sofa, chandelier, sculptures, bookshelves, table, coffee table etc, you displace
some of the water. Ensure that you don’t overfill the space.
▪ Plan your furniture with a scale drawing of your room or cut paper shapes to size
and place them in the room to work out the best possible arrangement of
furniture and accessories.
▪ Ensure that the circulation passageway through a room follows an easy and
economic pathway from the door to all the other main activity areas.
▪ In large or long spaces, subdivide different activity zones to give definition to
each part of the room.
Questions before creating a space plan:

▪ What are you going to be using the space for? Will it be multi-functional? Eg:
living/dining or bedroom/study?
▪ How many people will be using the space and will they all be using it for the
same purpose? Eg: A family might use the same room; someone may be watching
TV, while another reads and another is working.
▪ Do you have any existing furniture that you want to use in the space?
▪ Can furniture be moved into or out of this room from other areas of the house?
▪ How do you want the room to feel, space-wise – open and airy, cozy, minimal,
serene?
▪ How much natural light is available and what kinds of lighting will be needed?
▪ What are the focal points of the room and how can you take advantage of them?
▪ Do you need to create focal points?
▪ Do you like balance and symmetry, the unexpected, or a combination?
▪ Is there anything else on your wish list for this room?

2. Specifications

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

Construction specifications, also known as specs, detail the work and

workmanship needed to complete a construction project. And there’s no way to
get around them. As required documents during the design phase, they’re part of
a formal process. A written document describing in detail the scope of work,
materials to be used, methods of installation, and quality of workmanship for a
parcel of work to be placed under contract; usually utilized in conjunction with
working (contract) drawings in building construction.

The clearer a description is, the more likely it will be executed correctly.
Specifications can be considered a lot of like data. Without access to the right and
an abundance of data, projects can quickly fail. As construction projects become
more complex and budgets become scrutinized, access to sample data is critical
to making the right decisions when building. Most importantly, if specifications
are done correctly, they reduce risk. In construction, controlling risk is essential
to managing the end-to-end project lifecycle.

Sample Specifications in the Plan:

3. Cost Estimation

Cost estimation in project management is forecasting the cost and other

resources needed to complete a project within a defined scope. Cost estimation

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

accounts for each element required for the project and calculates a total amount
determining a project’s budget.

Principles of Cost Estimation:

1. Cost estimation is used to predict the quantity, cost, and price of the
resources required by a project's scope. A project might be any process
that is started to perform work activities and/or create assets. The
estimate's accuracy depends heavily on the level of project scope
definition: as the design and conditions of the project become better
defined, so do the estimated values.

2. Cost estimation is needed to provide decision-makers with the means to

make investment decisions, choose between alternatives, and set up the
budget during the projects' front end. For this, estimates made by vendors
and contractors need to be validated by clients as well. In later phases of
the project, the budget estimate is used as a baseline to assess a project's
performance.

3. Estimating is done by breaking down the project's total scope into

manageable parts, to which resources can be assigned, and cost. There are
standardized ways of breaking down a project, like the Work Breakdown
Structure (WBS) and the Cost Breakdown Structure (CBS). Still,
depending on the project team and external parties' needs, multiple
structures are often implemented to align the reporting and sharing of
cost data.

4. A cost estimate is more than a list of costs. It also includes a detailed Basis
of Estimate (BOE) report describing the assumptions, inclusions,
exclusions, accuracy, and other aspects needed to interpret the total
project cost. Otherwise, it would be a meaningless number. The BOE is
required to communicate the estimate to the various parties involved in
the decision making but is also handy during closeout when the project's
performance is compared with other projects. It is the vital part often
overlooked that allows you to learn from your experience and mistakes.

BUILDING PERMIT

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

A Building Permit is a document issued by the Department of Building Official that

serves as your official consent to commence any construction, demolition, addition, or
renovation of your property. This has to be secured before construction will begin.

As part of the Building Permit process, the Department of Building Official will analyze
your submitted plans to guarantee that your application complies with the
Philippines' National Building Code (PD 1096), Fire Code of the Philippines (RA
9514), and your Local Building Code.
Securing the building permit ensures that the homeowner, architects, and engineers
follow the codes, standards, and minimum construction requirements. Proper
architectural, mechanical, structural, electrical, and sanitary plans should also abide by
the codes.

The following are the requirements for securing a building permit:

1. Ownership of the lot property.

a. In case the applicant is the owner of the lot where construction

will take place:

a1. Certified true copy of Transfer Certificate of Title, on file with the
Registry of Deeds.

a2. Tax Declaration

a3. Latest Real Property Tax Receipt

b. In case the applicant is not the registered owner of the lot:

b1. Duly notarized copy of the Contract of Lease or Deed of Absolute

Sale

2. Application Forms

Properly filled-up application forms duly signed and sealed by engineers

concerned:

a. Application for Building Permit (5 copies)

b. Electrical Permit Forms (3 copies)

c. Sanitary Permit Forms (3 copies)

3. Five Set of complete detailed plan

a. For construction of two-storey building:

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

• Structural Design Analysis – signed and sealed by Civil Engineer at every

page

b. For construction of more than two-storey building:

• Boring and Plate Load Test

• Seismic Analysis

Proof of Property

• Photocopy of Transfer Certificate if Title (TCT)

• Photocopy of tax Declaration of Property-lot (Certified True Copy) – 5 copies

• Photocopy of Current Tax Receipt (5 copies)

Copy of License of Engineers and Architects

• Photocopy of PTR # and PRC license of all involved engineers and architects

Procedures of Securing A Building Permit in The Philippines

1. Prepare the list of requirements while you secure a checklist and application

forms from the Office of the Building Official.

2. Along with the filled out forms and required documents and clearances as

outlined in the checklist, submit them to the Office of the Building Official.

3. If the submitted requirements are complete, you will be granted an

acknowledgement/follow-up slip.

4. Within 10 working days, you will receive an order of payment from the Releasing

Section of the building office. Settle the charge at the cashier’s office.

5. After five days, the building permit will be released after the submission of proof

of payment (official receipt).

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

Self- Help:
You can also refer to the sources below to help you further
understand the lesson:

1. How to Apply for Building Permit in the Philippines | Filipino Homes Official Blog

2. What is cost estimation? We explain it to you in 4 steps (costmanagement.eu)

3. What is space planning and how to create a space plan (interiorstylehunter.com)

LET’S CHECK

Activity 1: Explain the following questions regarding the topics.

1. Why is it important to have a building permit in constructing a structure?

2. Summarize the Chapter 3 of NBCP.

3. Explain the importance of cost estimation and space planning.

In a Nutshell

Activity 1: From the previous nutshell, design the interior of your two storey residential
building. Use the following steps in designing and specifications.

Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2b. Acknowledge the different types of

aesthetics, durability and energy transfer.

Metalanguage

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

The most essential terms below are defined for you to have a better
understanding of this section in the course.

1. Aesthetics. concerning studies on the nature and expression of beauty or taste.

2. Durability. is the ability of a physical product to remain functional, without
requiring excessive maintenance or repair, when faced with the challenges of
normal operation over its design lifetime.
3. Energy Transfer. is the movement of energy from one location to another.

Essential Knowledge

The aesthetics of a building is one of the principal aspects considered in architecture. A

building's appeal covers the combined effects of a building's shape, size, texture, color,
balance, unity, movement, emphasis, contrast, symmetry, proportion, space, alignment,
pattern, decoration, culture, and context. The unique properties and natural beauty of
wood and other bio-based materials make them desired for various applications,
including construction, facades, and interior design. A building should be designed to
satisfy safety, serviceability, durability, and aesthetics, assuring proper structural
performance throughout the entire service life. Thus, it is essential to understand the
overall deterioration mechanisms within the different building levels, including
elements, components, façades, and the entire building.

AESTHETICS

Aesthetics can be an essential link between technology development, design, and

architecture. Thus, it connects and separates the philosophy of technology and
philosophy of architecture and design.

Philosophy of Aesthetics:

1. Mass and space: A state in which various form a satisfying and

harmonious whole and nothing is out of proportion or unduly emphasized
at the expense of the rest. Space, that immaterial essence that the painter
suggests and the sculptor fills, the architect envelops, creating a wholly
human and finite environment within the infinite environment of nature.

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

The concept that space can have a quality other than emptiness is
challenging to grasp. When a building is entered, floor, supports, walls, and
a ceiling are seen, all of which can be studied and perhaps enjoyed, while
space, in the sense that one is accustomed to thinking of it, is void: the
absence of mass, filled by air.

Like that of space, the appreciation of mass depends on movement, but this
movement must be physical. It cannot be experienced in anticipation
because, no matter where one stands to observe even the simplest building,
part of it is out of sight. The mass of a complex structure is differently
composed from every point of view. The 20th-century art critic Sigfried
Giedion, emphasizing the need for movement in experiencing modern
architecture, suggested that architecture may be four-dimensional since
time (for movement) is as meaningful as the spatial dimensions.

Some architecture depends much more on mass expression than on space

expression. The Egyptian pyramid, the Indian stupa, and Sri Lanka's
dagoba have no meaningful interior spaces; they are architectural in
function and technique, sculptural in expression. The interior of a Greek
temple is of little interest than the beautiful play of forms on its colonnaded
exterior. Early Christian and Byzantine architecture reverse the emphasis,
making the simple exterior a shell for a splendid and mystical space. Gothic
architecture balances the two, partly to express a dual content: earthly
power over the world outside, spiritual power inside. Modern techniques
permit a reduction of the contrast between space and mass expressions by
reducing the mass of walls and the size and number of supports and
allowing the interpenetration of interior and exterior space.

2. Proportion: Proportion is the term used to describe the relationship

between two things of different size. In architecture we are looking for the
proportional relationship between spaces and the size of the human body.

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

3. Symmetry: In architecture, symmetry is the reflection of shared forms,

shapes, or angles across a central line or point called the axis. Basically,
components that mirror each other across an axis are symmetrical. ... Just
imagine a vertical line straight down the middle of that central tower,
from tip to base.

4. Balance: Balance is the equal distribution of visual weight in a design.

Visual balance occurs around a vertical axis; our eyes require the visual
weight to be equal on the two sides of the axis. We are bilateral creatures
and our sense of balance is innate. When elements are not balanced
around a vertical axis, the effect is disturbing and makes us
uncomfortable.

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 College of Engineering Education
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

5. Contrast: Contrast is a principle of art. When defining it, art experts refer
to the arrangement of opposite elements (light vs. dark colors, rough vs.
smooth textures, large vs. small shapes, etc.) in a piece so as to create
visual interest, excitement, and drama. The colors white and black
provide the greatest degree of contrast. Complementary colors also highly
contrast with one another. An artist can employ contrast as a tool, to
direct the viewer's attention to a particular point of interest within the
piece.

6. Pattern: Pattern is an underlying structure that organizes surfaces or

structures in a consistent, regular manner. Pattern can be described as a
repeating unit of shape or form, but it can also be thought of as the
"skeleton" that organizes the parts of a composition.

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Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

7. Decoration: It is the something which is added to building or any other

structure to improve its aesthetical value and appearance. eg. Light
effects, some ornaments, colors, etc.

8. Massing: Massing is a term which refers to the perception of the general

shape and form as well as size of an element.

9. Unity: Unity is the relationship among the elements of a visual that helps
all the elements function together. Unity gives a sense of oneness to a
visual image. In other words, the words and the images work together to
create meaning.

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Telefax: (082) 296-1084
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10. Rhythm: Repeating art elements in regular or cyclical fashion to create

interest, movement, and/or harmony and unity. Rhythms can be random,
regular, alternating, flowing, and progressive. Classes of pattern include
mosaics, lattices, spirals, meanders, waves, symmetry and fractals, among
others. When motifs or elements are repeated, alternated, or otherwise
arranged, the intervals between them or how they overlap can create
rhythm and a sense of movement. In visual rhythm, design motifs become
the beats. Rhythms can be broadly categorized as random, regular,
alternating, flowing, and progressive.

DURABILITY

Durability is the resistance to degradation of products, materials, buildings, and other

built assets over time. This can be a difficult property to assess - while a tough material
may be hard to the touch, but it may also be non-durable if it decomposes or is eroded
in a relatively short period. The environmental (and economic) benefits of durability
would seem fairly obvious. A durable building -- one that lasts a long time -- provides a
long period of time to amortize the environmental and economic costs that were
incurred in building it. Notes Peter Yost, a building science expert with 3D Building
Solutions, LLC, "if you double the life of a building, you halve the environmental impacts
[of its construction]." The same argument goes for the products and materials going into
those buildings. Durable products and materials will not need to be replaced or repaired
as frequently, so the raw materials, energy, and environmental impacts invested in them
can be spread out over more time.

Self- Help:
You can also refer to the sources below to help you further
understand the lesson:

1. Architecture - Space and mass | Britannica

2. ijertv10n1spl_33.pdf (ripublication.com)
3. Aesthetics in architecture - how beauty and design are inspiring each other | BRE
Group
4. Proportion and Scale in Architecture | Your Own Architect

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Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133

5. Structural Durability in Architecture | Durable Building Design & Construction

Chicago | Elements Architectural Group Oak Park, Illinois 60302
(elementsarchitects.com)
6. Durability: A Key Component of Green Building | Greenbiz

LET’S CHECK

Activity 1: Explain the following questions regarding the topics.

1. Cite the differences between balance and symmetry.

2. Which is better material for a residential building in terms of durability? Wood,

reinforced concrete, or steel? And Why?

3. Give an iconic structure that applies the philosophy of aesthetics.

In a Nutshell

Activity 1: Continue to design the two-storey residential building and apply at least five
philosophy of aesthetics. Also, put the description of every material that you will use in
your building.

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