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Ethyl Acetate Synthesis Guide

Ethyl acetate is synthesized through an acid-catalyzed esterification reaction between ethanol and acetic acid. The procedure involves slowly adding a mixture of ethanol and acetic acid to a flask containing ethanol and concentrated sulfuric acid at 150°C to produce ethyl acetate distillate. The distillate is then purified through neutralization with sodium carbonate to remove acetic acid and extraction with calcium chloride to remove ethanol, yielding purified ethyl acetate.

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50 views3 pages

Ethyl Acetate Synthesis Guide

Ethyl acetate is synthesized through an acid-catalyzed esterification reaction between ethanol and acetic acid. The procedure involves slowly adding a mixture of ethanol and acetic acid to a flask containing ethanol and concentrated sulfuric acid at 150°C to produce ethyl acetate distillate. The distillate is then purified through neutralization with sodium carbonate to remove acetic acid and extraction with calcium chloride to remove ethanol, yielding purified ethyl acetate.

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rahma kerchouche
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Synthesis of Ethyl Acetate

PROCEDURE
Ethyl ethanoate may also be prepared on a larger scale as
follows. Add about 10ml of concentrated sulphuric acid to an
equal volume of ethanol in a distillation flask (heat is evolved),
together with a few pieces of porous pot to ensure smooth
boiling later. Connect a condenser and a dropping funnel to the
flask as shown in the diagram below and place in the dropping
funnel 20ml of ethanol with an equal volume of ethanoic acid.
Heat the oil bath to about 150°C and slowly add the ethanol-acid
mixture. Ethyl ethanoate distills over. It will contain ethanol and
ethanoic acid as impurities and these can be removed by shaking
the distillate with sodium carbonate solution to remove the
ethanoic acid and calcium chloride solution to remove the
ethanol. The ethyl ethanoate can then be dried over fused
calcium chloride and obtained pure by distillation.
Mix 50ml (40g) EtOH and 50ml (52g) GAA thoroughly in a
250ml rbf and add slowly with cooling and shaking, 10ml
(18.5g) of concentrated sulphuric acid. Ensure that the liquid is
homogenous, then fit the flask with a reflux condenser and boil
gently for 10min.
Now distil off about 2/3 of the mixture and then transfer the
distillate to a separation funnel. Add about 25ml of 30% NaCO3
solution, cork the funnel and shake carefully in order to
neutralize and remove the free acetic and sulphurous acids
present in the crude ethyl acetate: much CO2 is evolved during
the shaking, therefore release the pressure in the funnel at
frequent intervals. Allow the two layers to separate, and
carefully run off and reject the lower aqueous layer, ensuring
that the NaCO3 solution is removed as completely as possible.
Then prepare a solution of 25g anhydrous CaCl2 in 25ml water,
add it to the ethyl acetate in the funnel and again shake
vigorously. The CaCl2 solution removes any EtOH still present.
Allow the mixture to separate and again remove the lower
aqueous layer as completely as possible. Then run the ethyl
acetate into a small conical flask, add a few lumps of granular
CaCl2 and shake occasionally.

After about 20min when the liquid should be dry, filter it


through a small fluted filter paper into a 100ml distillation flask
attached to a condenser. Add some boiling chips and distill.
Some ether is always formed as a byproduct and is carefully (i.e.
slowly) distilled off as a preliminary and separate fraction
boiling at 35-40°C.

Collect the portion of the distillate boiling at 74-79°C, rejecting


a small fraction boiling immediately below this range. Yield
50g.
Ethyl acetate is a colorless liquid with B.P. 77°C and density
0.92g/ml and a pleasant apple-like odor, and is only slightly
soluble in water.

Dr. Shoaib Ahmad Bilal

Blending Chemistry with Industry.

[email protected]
+923002278934

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