UME CUCM EMAILS Chapter 4.1 Diisiviity Example 1 A3-digit number 2X3 is divisible by 11. Find the value of X. Solution: Sum of digits in the odd-numbered positions =24+3 =5 Digit in the even-numbered position: X According to the divisibility rule of 14, the difference between the sum of the digits in the odd-numbered positions cnd the sum of the digits in the even-numbered positions is divisible by 11, The difference between X and 5 must be divisible by 11. Since X is a 1-digit number, in order to obtain a difference that is divisible by 11, the only possible difference must be 0. X-5=0 Therefore, the value of X is 5. | by any other number. © Educational Publishing House Ple Lud | 89 ZChapter 4.1 Dvisiity OMI MEM MEMS MONE MENTM EM EME SEN Example 2 A 4-digit number 106Y is divisible by 18. Find the value of Y. Solution: In order to check whether a number is divisible by 18, we have to make use of more than one divisibility checks. 7 Since 106Y is divisible by 18, it must be divisible by both 2 and 9. In order to be divisible by 2, the last digit must be an even number. Thus, the value of Y can be 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8. In order to be divisible by 9, the sum of all the digits must be divisible by 9. Sum of digits = 1+0+6+Y +Y Since Y is a 1-digit number, the only possible value that it can take is 2, such that 742=9, Therefore, the value of Y is 2. We can also make use of combination of more than one | divisibility rules to check the divisibility of larger numbers. | For example, | la number is divisible by 15, it must be divisible by both 3 ond 5. If number is divisible by 88, it must be divisible by both 8 and 11. 90 | © Educational Publishing House Pee Ltdgis Work out the following problems. Show every step of your working. 4, Elaine has 43R stickers. If she can divide the stickers equally into 4 piles, each with an equal number of stickers, find the possible values of R. 2. Pamela has 25 bags of sweets. Each bag has the same number of sweets. There are 127M sweets altogether. How many sweets are there in each bag? i © Educational Publishing House Pe Lid | 93Chapter 4.1 Divislity SMS MEMS MEMS MEME MEME MEME, 3. There are 44 pupils. Each of them has the same number of pencils. The totd number of pencils they have is B1B. How many pencils does each of them have? a a 4. There are 198 buses at a bus terminal with passengers on board. Each bus carries the same number of passengers. The total number of passengers is A37B, where A cannot take the value of 0. How many passengers are the on each bus? 94 | © Educational Publishing House Pte Lide at PASM MEMES EEE EEE Chapter 4.4 Diisibiity Example 3 Isthe number 1 234 567 divisible by 7? Solution: To check if o number is divisible by 7, either of the following methods may be used. Method 1: Starting from the digit in the ones place, separate the digits into groups of three: 1 234 567 Group 3 Group 2 Group 1 Sum of numbers in odd-numbered groups (Group 1 + 3) = 567 +1 = 568 Number in even-numbered group (Group 2) = 234 Next, find the difference and check if it is divisible by 7: Difference = 568 - 234 34 34 7=47R5 Since 334 is not divisible by 7, 1 234 567 is not divisible by 7. © Educational Publishing House Pte Lid | 91Pe Chapter 4.1 Dvisivity MT MPM EM TNS MENT NEEM SM EME, Method 2: Separate the number into two parts, such that one of the Parts is formed using the last three digits of the number. Thus, the two parts are 567 and 1234, Next, find the difference and check if it is divisible by 7: Difference = 1234 - 567 = 667 667 +7=95R2 Since 667 is not divisible by 7, 1 234 567 is not divisible by 7. 92 | © Educational Publishing Howe Pte tda (MEM EM EMT EEE ATED Chapter 4.4 Diisivity total] 5, A6-digit number is divisible by 6. When the digit in the ones place is tm | removed, the number becomes 11 501. Find the 6-digit number. 5] 6 An 8-digit number is divisible by 36. When the digits in the ones and tens 5 place are removed, the number becomes 201 020. Find the smallest possible ne value of the 8-digit number. © Educational Publishing House Ple Lid | 95=e \ 96 Chapter 4.1 Dvisility MMS MAMTA EME TNE EME EEE ey 7. Sean bought 72 identical comic books. When the shopkeeper handed him the receipt, the first ond the last digit of the total amount were stained by ink blobs as seen in the diagram below. How much did Sean pay for each comic book? ae 3 ofc 8. Terence used a 4-digit code for his bicycle lock. Given that the code is a number that is divisible by 99 and the second and third digits are 6 and 2 respectively find his 4-digit code. © Educational Publishing House Pie Li| NA AS EMME GEMMA Chapter 4.1 Ovisbiity 9, How many positive integers are less than 600 and are not divisible by 3 or 7? 10. Johnson wants to form 6-digit numbers using numbers from 1 to 6 once. How many 6-digit prime numbers can he form? Educational Publishing House Pte Lid | 977N\ Chapter 4.2 Homsinders MO MOM THEN S MEME M TN SMEN EMME MEMES, Example 4 Find the remainder when 201020102010 ... 2010 is divided by 9. 2009 groups of ‘2010 Solution: | The remainder of a number when divided by 9 = the remainder when the sum of all digits of the number is divided by 9 First, find the sum of all digits of the number: Sum of digits = 2009 x (2+0+ 1 +0) 6027 Next, we may use either of the following methods to obtain the remainder. Method 1: Continue finding the sum of all digits until a 1-digit number is obtained. This 1-digit number is thus the remainder. Sum of digits of 6027 =6+0+2+7 Sum of digits of 15 Therefore, the remainder is 6. Method 2: Divide the sum of all digits by 9 in order to obtain the remainder, 6027 +9 =669R6 Therefore, the remainder is 6. 9B | © Educational Publishing House Pte Lad“a wen SM EM AUUTUDEM Chapter 4.2 Remainders ws Example & find the least possible number such that it satisfies all of the following conditions: (1) it gives a remainder of 1 when divided by 2, (2) it gives a remainder of 4 when divided by 5, and (3) it gives a remainder of 8 when divided by 9. £ We may solve this question either by E (1). making use of the rules of | divisibitity or (2) listing the possible values for each given condition Solution: ze rie it Recall: If a number is divisible by 2, the last digit must be an even number. Since the number gives a remainder of 1 when divided by 2, the last digit must be an odd number. Recall: If a number is divisible by 5, the last digit must be 0 or 5. Since the number gives a remainder of 4 when divided by 5, the last digit must be 4 or 9. We know that the last digit is an odd number, thus in this case, the last digit will be 9. Recall: If a number is divisible by 9, the sum of all digits must be divisible by 9. Since the number gives a remainder of 8 when divided by 9, the remainder when the sum of all digits is divided by 9 must be 8. Therefore, the least possible number is 89. © Educational Publishing 99a F\ Work out the following problems. Show every step of your working, 11. Find the remainder when a 99-digit number 928928928...928 is divided by 9) 12. Find the remainder when 345345...345345 is divided by 7. 2010 groups of ‘345 100 | © Educational Publishing House Pte idUENO MME E88 8M ED Chapter 4.2 Remainders | 13, Jeannie grouped some positive whole numbers in a table in a particular pattern as follows: © 14 c |< 6 1 1 EE | 3 a 9 8 7 6 5 4 es 2S 18 we | 6 | 1 | a 7 a = 27 25 24 23 22 In which column will 623 appear? ! © Educational Publishing House Ple Lid | 101Chapter 4.2 Remsinders MO MIME MEME MEMEM TN TM EM EET 14, Positive whole numbers are arranged in a table in a pattern as follows: Gloglsg Car rn [1 [od 6 wa fw] . R peel « ie cE R | 2 [ae 7 15 | 18 R -- p ae R13 fof e [on 19 \ Given that the number 556 is at row R,, ond column C,, find the value of § m+n. 102 | © Educational Publishing House Pe Ltd