¢ 2023-DSE IcT PAPER 2D HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY HONG KONG DIPLOMA OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION 2023 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY PAPER 2D Software Development Question-Answer Book 14:15 am— 12:45 pm (1 hour 30 minutes) This paper must be answered in English INSTRUCTIONS (1) After the announcement of the start of the examination, you should first write your Candidate Number in the space provided on Page 1 and stick barcode labels in the spaces provided on Pages 1, 3,5 and 7. (2) Answer THREE out of four questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this Question- ‘Answer book. Do not write in the margins. Answers written in the margins will not be marked, (3) Supplementary answer sheets will be supplied on request. Write your candidate number, mark the ‘question number box and stick a barcode label on each sheet, and fasten them with string INSIDE this book. (4) No extra time will be given to candidates for sticking on the barcode labels or filing in the question number boxes after the “Time is up’ announcement. OF BSRRF KE RG Fis Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority All Rights Reserved 2023 Please stick the barcode label here. Candidate Number [ | *AZ2Z00E02D*Answers writen in the margins will not be marked. Answer THREE questions only. 1. Evaplans to write a burger cooking game. She uses a queue A. to store the ingredients, A is implemented by an array L. She designs subprograms with global variables, as shown below: Global variable | Description L ‘An array for storing the elements in A with indices from 1 10 5 c ‘A variable for storing the number of elements in_& Subprogram | Description enq(A, K)__| Inserts an element « in A if A isnot full deq (A) Removes and returns an element in A if Ais not empty (@) Suppose that © = 0. After sequentially executing eng (A, Fish) and enq(A, Onion), c= 2 and i E 2 3 a 5 Tia) Fish Onion enq(A, K) outputsamessage ‘Full! * when A is full. Complete the pseudocode for eng below. eng(A, K) if then output Full!" else Lt 1¢K céec#i (2 marks) (b) (Suppose that C = 3 and i i 2 El a 5 L{i]_[ Onion Tomato Bacon Then, after executing deq (A), c= 2 and i i Zi 3 a 3 Lia) | Tomato Bacon Fill in the content of 1 after further sequentially executing deq(A), eng(A, Cheese), ena(A, Beef) and deq(A) i i z 3 a 5 Lt) @marks) ‘Answers written in the margins will not be marked. ‘Answers writen in the margins will not be marked. 2023-DSE-ICT 2D-2 2Please stick the barcode label here. Gi) Complete the pseudocode for deq below. deq(a) if C = 0 then output "Empty! * else 3€1 tmp © L{1) while j < C do je gen return tmp (2 marks) In the game, Eva uses a stack Sto represent a burger. She writes cook(A) using the following subprograms where queue 2. stores all the ingredients of the burger. ‘Subprogram Description push(S, K) | Inserts an element & in S as its top element ELip (8) Reverses the order of all elements in_$ In the following example, after executing £1ip (S), the order of ll elements in S_is reversed, Answers written in the margins will not be marked, “Answers written in the margins will not be marked. Fish onion Bread > Beet Beef | flip(s) | Bread Onion Fish 5 s Answers written in the margins will not be marked. 2023-DSE-ICT2D-3 3Answers written in the margins will not be marked, ‘Suppose that A. stores all the ingredients ofa specific burger. Eva writes cook(A) to cook the ingredients in A. Suppose that Sis initially empty. cook (A) while A is not empty do push(S, deqia)) flip(S) (©) (Suppose that the content of 1 is: z FE z 3 7 5 Tia) Beef Onion ‘Bread Bread Fill in the content of S below, after executing cook (A). 8 (2 marks) i) Suppose that the content of $ after executing cook (A) is: Bread Tomato Lettuce Beef Bread s Fill in the initial content of 1. below. z T Zz z 7 3 Lia] 1 L (2 marks) ‘Answers written in the margins will not be marked. “Answers written in the margins will not be marked. 2023-DSE-ICT 2D-4 43 z 2 E Answers written in the margins Please stick the barcode label here. ‘Another queue Bis implemented by an array R. (@) @_ Suppose that the initial contents of $ and & are enq(B, pop(S)) and eng(B, pop(S)) wanroon | [3 rn =] tomaco | [at | 3 pop (S)_ is asubprogram that removes and returns the op element ofS. Fill in the contents of S and R after sequentially executing enq(B, pop(S)), a fF z $ g Z Z 2 3 a 3 ® RU) E 2 § € $ 5 é 2 marks) | § (ii) Complete the pseudocode for £1ip(S) below. < s1ip(s) while § is not empty do ena( ) while do push( ) (GB marks) Answers writen in the margins will not be marked. 2023-DSE-ICT 2D-5 5Answers written in the margins will not be marked. 2. There are 30 booths in a food fair. Mary designs a floor plan with 6 rows and 5 columns. She uses an array [4,3] to store the booth number of the booth in row i, column j. Row i 1 2 3 4 5 Column 5 Mary virites a subprogram assign that assigns booth numbers to F, as shown below: assignl for i from 1 to 6 do for j from 1 to 5 do Fli, 4] € S*(i-1) + 5 (@) (i) Write down the booth number stored in F[5, 4] mark) (ii) Write down the indices ofthe clement in. F that stores booth number 17 2 : FL p 1 2 (mary |S Mary modifies assign1 to assign2 to reassign the booth numbers in the floor plan, as shown below: | § z 2 ‘ 6 (aon 2s ze eT ze 8 5 [pan 22 23 24 25, 2 ee Rows 3 [aa | aa | as | aa [as 2 | a eae | Ne 1 [ase acne se [ae 1 2 3 4 5 Column § ‘Answers written in the margins will not be marked. 2023-DSE-ICT 2D-6 6Answers written in the margins will not be marked. Please stick the barcode label here. (b) (Complete the pseudocode for assign? below. assign2 for i from 1 to 6 do for j from 1 to 5 do if then FUL, 4] € 5*(i-1)49 else FL, 31 € (3 marks) (i) Mary writes a subprogram £indRow (num) that retums the row number of the booth with the booth number num. For example, findRow(30) retums 6. Write the pseudocode for findRow (num). [Einatow mum) (@ marks) ‘There are 10 vegetarian booths in the food fair and the ‘order, as shown below: sooth numbers are stored in an array P in ascending z fan m2 |S [ad 5 at] By [+ 7 ase ae fe] Mary writes a subprogram isVeg (num) thatretums TRUE if num isin P, EALSE otherwise. Gi “Answers written in the margins will nat be marked, i) Complete the pseudocode for isVeg (num) below. isVeg (num) left € 1 right € 10 m € integral part of (left + right) /2 if P{m] = num then return TRUE else if Pim] < num then Po | else return FALSE (B marks) Answers written in the margins will nat be marked. 2023-DSE-ICT 2-7 7 (Goontothe nexipage >Answers written in the margins will not be marked. (©) Mary considers using a low level language and a linker to develop the subprograms. (8) Give an advantage of using low level language for software development. (mark) Describe the major function of a linker in the execution of a program. (marks) (@ Mary compares phased conversion and direct cutover conversion for system conversion. Give an advantage of each kind of conversion. Phased conversio Direct cutover conversion: @ marks) “Answers written in the margins ‘Answers written in the margins will not be marked. 2023-DSE-ICT 2D-8 8Answers written in the margins will not be marked. 3 eter works on a project to redevelop a computer system using the Waterfall model with five phases. (A) System implementation (B) System conversion (©) System analys (D) System maintenance (E) System design (@) (i) Fill in the phases in the Waterfall model below. ry ry “7 marks) (Gi) What does Peter do inthe system maintenance phase? The Gantt chart of the project is shown below. fask four : “Task five (b) (@ What i the critical path of the project? (i) Suppose that Task three finally needs 4 weeks to complete. What is the minimum number of weeks required to complete the project? (mark) 3 i “Answers written in the margins will (2 marks) ‘Answers wren nthe margins wil ot be marked 2oaypsp.icr 20-9 9Answers written in the margins will not be marked. Peter develops a program with the following subprograms to sort integers in an array A in ascending order. All integers in A. are distinct. Subprogram Description ] ‘findmin(s, e) | Retum the index of the minimum valuein As], Als+1),.., Alel where s < e. Findmax(s, e) | Retum the index of the maximum valuein Als}, Afsti],.., Alel where's < e. swap ley yi Swap the values of A(x] and Aly) ‘Suppose that the initial content of A contains 7 integers: i i z z q 5 @ 7 Ala] i9_|_28 ir [433 3 16_| 23 findmin(1, 4) retums 3 and findmax(3, 5) retums 4, (©) (@_ Whatis the retur value of findnax (5, 7)? mark) il) Complete the pseudocode for findmax(s, e) below. findmax(s, @) tmp € for k from s+1 to e do if ALK) then tmp € return tmp (G marks) Answers written in the margins will not be marked. 2023-DSE-ICT 2D-10 10 ‘Answers written in the margins will not be marked.Answers written in the margins will not be marked. Peter tries to write the pseudocode for a subprogram sub1 for sorting. subl for j from 1 to 3 do a € findmin(j, 8 - 3) b € findmax(j, 8 - 5) swap (3, a) swap(B - 3, b) (@) (Suppose that the initial content of A is: i T z 3 a SE ay a a a3 3 lee ewag Fill in the content of A after the first pass and second pass of the loop in. sub1. ‘After the first pass i L z 3 a 5 é 7 Ati] ‘After the second pass, i I z 3 a 3 é 7 Ati] (2 marks) Gi) With the vatue in A(61 after the second pass, Peter understands that an incorrect sorting result is obtained. To correct the algorithm, he modifies sub1 to sub2. Complete the pseudocode for sub2 below. sub2 for j from 1 to 3 do a € findmin(j, 8 - 5) b € finamax(j, 8 - 3) swap(j, a) swap(8 - j, b) (3 marks) Answers written in the margins will not be marked, 2o2s-pse-1cr 2-11 in “Answers written in the margins will not be marked.Answers writen in the margins will not be marked. 4 ‘A map is represented by NxN cells. John works in a food delivery company. He uses an array MAP to store the number of restaurants in each cell. The following example shows MAP. with fl ‘ : i 1 : 2 | ES : MAP John writes a subprogram sum(i, j, K) that returns the sum of the numbers in KxK cells where MAP{i, }) isthe top left cell For example, sun(i, 4, 2) retums 19+2+8421 = 50 where MAP(1, 4) is the top left cell. (2) (i) Whatis the return value of sum(1, 4, 3)? (mark) Gi) Whatare p and q sothat sum(p, q, 2) returns the maximum value among all the 22 cells? (mark) “Answers written in the margins will nat be marked. ‘Answers writen in the margins will not be marked. 2023-DSE-ICT 2D-12 12Answers written in the margins will not be marked, @ For N = 6 and K = 2, MAP. The value of 2{2, 2] is the return value of sum (x, Gi) For N = 6 and K = 3, j 1203 4 5 6 1 fefeae Pelz yo 2 [olf aa fan) e fry 2 1 3 | ast[seufeye [eae |oa| ‘ 4 o 6 3 5 6 3 * sfolofofole ls 2 es RCM ROM RON wep aa MAP. 2oomout (K) for i from 1 to N/K do for j from 1 to N/K do (b) John writes a subprogram Zoomout (K) that merges K*K cells into 1 cell by calculating the sum of | the numbers in the Kx cells for MAP and storing the calculated sums in an array 2. 3, 2). Whatis x? The value of Z[2, 2] istheretum value of sum(4, s, 3).Whatis s? (mark) i 1 2 148 58 2 (mark) (ii) Suppose that Nv is divisible by K. Complete the pseudocode for Zoomout (&) 21d, 31 © sum f fe (2 marks) Answers written in the margins will not be marked, 2023-DSE-ICT 2D-13, 13 ‘Answers written in the margins will not be marked.will not be marked. (©) Below are two subprograms and MAP with N= 6 and K = 2 2 [af ee [ar |e farq. MAP. funcl (i, 3) tmp € 0 for p from i to itl do for q from} to j+1 do if MAP(p, q) > tmp then tmp € MAP[p, a] return tmp func tmp € 0 for i from 1 to 3 do for j from 1 to 3 do if Z[i, j] >= tmp then if funcl(i*2-1, 3*2-1) > tmp then tmp € funcl(i*2-1, j*2-1) return tmp () Whatis the return value of func (3, 1)? (mark (ii) Whats the return value of func2? mark) (iii) What is the purpose of func2? (mark) (iv) In £unc2, what will happen if the fourth statement ‘if Z[4, 3] >= tmp then*is removed? mary Answers written in the margins will not be marked. 2023-DSE-ICT 2D-14 14 ‘Answers written in the margins will not be marked.Answers written in the margins will not be marked. (@) John insists on using a compiler instead of an interpreter to write programs. Give a reason to support his decision, (mark) (©) Some programming languages provide libraries to develop programs. Give two advantages of using libraries. ‘(2 marks) (John uses Java, which is an object-oriented language, to develop programs. Give two advantages of ‘object-oriented languages over procedural languages. (@ marks) END OF PAPER “Answers written in the margins will not be marked. Answers written in the margins will not be marked. 2021-DSEACT 2D-15 15Do not write on this page. Answers written on this page will not be marked. 2023-DSE-ICT 2D-16 16