Flexural Strength, Compact Section
A W400 X 60 of A992(Fy = 345 Mpa) steel beam is simply supported on a
span of 10m. The beam supports a reinforced concrete floor slab that
provides continuous lateral support of the compression flange. The loads
on the beams are:
Superimposed dead load = 7 kn/m
Live Load = 8 Kn/m
Properties of W400 x 60
d=406 mm
bf=178mm
tf=12.8mm
tw=7.7mm
Mass = 60 kg/m
Sx=1060 x 10³ mm³
Zx 1196 x 10³ mm³
Determine the adequacy of the beam based on moment strength.
DL = 7kn/m + Wb LL = 8 kn/m
10 m
Wb =( 60 kg/m)(g) = (60 kg/m)(9.81 m/s²)(1KN/1000N) = 0.5886 kn/m
Consider if the flange and web are compact
Flange (Criteria for Compact Section)
E
bf/2tf<0.38√( )
Fy
[178mm / (2)(12.8mm)] = 6.953
0.38√(E/Fy) = 0.38√(200000/345) = 9.15
6.953 < 9.15 therefore the flange is compact
Web
h/tw < 3.76√(E/Fy)
h=d-2tf
h = 406mm-2(12.8mm) =
380.4mm
h/tw= (380.4mm/7.7mm)= 49.4
3.76√(E/Fy) = 3.76√(200000/345) = 90.53
49.4< 90.53 the web section is compact.
The given W400 x 60 is a compact section
Consider LRFD
Mn= FyZx
Mn = (345 N/mm²)(1196 x 10³ mm³) = 412,612,0000 N-mm (1 kn-m /
1000000 n-mm)
Mn = 412.612 KN-m.
Design Strength Mn = ӨMn , Ө = 0.90
Design Strentgth = 0.9(412.612KN-m)=371.35 kn-m
Wu = 1.2DL + 1.6LL
Wu = 1.2(7+0.5886)kn/m + 1.6(8 kn/m)
Wu = 9.11 + 12.8
Wu = 21.91 kn/m
For uniformly distributed on simple support
Mu = Wu L² / 8
Mu = (21.91kn/m)(10m)²/8
Mu = 273.875 kn-m < 371.35 kn-m ADEQUATE
Factor of safety for bending Ω = 1.67
Alowable Bending Moment Mb = Mn /Ω
Mb= 412.612 kn-m/1.67
Mb = 247.1 kn-m Allowable bending stress
NSCP 2001
W = DL + LL
W = 7.5886 + 8
W =15.59 kn/m
Mb actual = WL²/8 Mb actual = 15.59(10)²/8 = 194.875 kn-m< 247.1 kn-
m Adequate
The section is adequate to carry the loads…. Use W 400 x 60
Design base on ASD NSCP 2001
M allow.= 0.66FySx
M allow. = 0.66(345N/mm²)(1060 x 10³ mm³)
M allow. = 241362000nN-mm ( 1 KN-m / 1000000 N-mm)
M allow. =241.362 Kn-m
Column Base Plate (Analysis base on NSCP 2001)
An ASTM A992 W350 x 134 column bears on a square pedestal with
compressive strength fc’ = 20.7MPa shown in the figure. The space
between the base plate and the concrete pedestal has grout with fc’ =
27.5Mpa. Design the size and thickness of the square base plate using
ASTM A36 steel that will support a service axialdead load of 520 kn and
service axial live load of 1650 kn.
A36 steel Fy = 248 Mpa
Properties of W 350 x 134 Pdl = 520kn
d=356mm Pll = 1650 kn
bf=368mm
tf=18mm W 350 x 134
tw=11.2mm 650mm Base
Plate
650mm
Concrete Column
Analyze considering ASD NSCP 2001
P = Pdl + PLL
P = 520kn + 1650kn
P = 2170Kn (1000n / 1kn) = 2170000N
A bp = P(Ωc) / (0.85 fc’)
Plate dimension take Ωc = 2.31
A bp = (2170000N)(2.31) / 0.85(20.7)
A bp = 284893.436 mm²
A
A bp = (A)(A)
A bp = A²
284893.436 mm² = A²
A = 284893.436mm2
A = 533.75 mm
Say Base plate dimension equal to 550mm x 550mm
A cp = 650mm(650mm) = 422500mm²
A bp = 550mm(550mm) = 302500mm²
The criteria for the ratio of the areas Acp / A bp < 4
(422500mm² / 302500 mm²)= 1.397 < 4
Check
Pp/Ωc = (1/Ωc)(0.85 fc’)(Abp)( (Acp/Abp)
Pp/Ωc = (1/2.31)(0.85)( 20.7)(302500)(√(1.397)
Pp/Ωc= 2,723,333.8 N = 2723.33 KN > 2170 kN
Plate Thickness
tmin= l [sqrt(2P/BNFy/1.67)]
B = 550mm
N = 550mm
Value of l will be the max value bet m,n, λn’
n’= (dbf)/4 = [(356mm)(368mm)] /4 =90.49mm
m = (N – 0.95d)/2 = [550mm -0.95(356mm)]/2 = 105.9mm
n = (B – 0.80bf)/2 = [550mm-0.8(368mm)]/2 = 127.8mm
λ= 1.0
λn’ = (1)(90.49mm) = 90.49mm
so l = 127.8mm
tmin=(127.8mm)sqrt[2(2170000)/(302500)(248) /1.67]
tmin =( 127.8mm)sqrt[4340000/44922155.69]
tmin =(127.8mm)(0.311) = 39.75mm
Say t=45mm
Use Base Plate 45mm x 550mm x 550mm
Analysis considering NSCP 2015
ФcPp= Фc0.85fc’Abp (Acp/Abp) ,Фc = 0.65
Фc Pp = (0.65)0.85(20.7)(550mm)(550mm) 1.397
Фc Pp= 4089085.67N= 4,089.86KN > 3264KN
Pu = 1.2Pdl + 1.6PLL
Pu = 1.2(520Kn) + 1.6(1650kn) = 3264KN
m= 105.9mm
n = 127.8mm
n’=90.49
λ = 2(X) / 1+ (1 - x)
X =[(4dbf)/(d+bf)²](Pu/ФcPp)
X = [(4(356)(368)/(356+368)²][3264/4089.86]
X = 0.9997(0.798)
X =0.9756
λ= 2 X/(1+ (1 - x)
λ = 2 0.9756/(1+ 1-0.798
λ=1.7866/1.45λ
λ=1.232 >1 Use λ=1.0
λn’ = (1)(90.49mm) = 90.49mm
Use l = 127.8mm
tmin= l sqrt(2Pu/0.9BNFy)
tmin = 127.8mm sqrt[(2)(3264000)/(0.9(550)(550)248)]
tmin = 127.8mmsqrt(0.0967)
tmin=39.74mm
Say t= 45mm
Use 45mm x 550mm x 550mm Base Plate(A36 steel)
