Philippine Christian University

Bachelor of Science
in
Office Administration

MODULE 1
Submitted by: Donato B. Serrano
 RELS 1001 Christian Formation

Every human being in this world affiliate in different religion some are inherited from

the parents’ others are convinced by their relatives and friends but the most important is

how you accept God whole heartedly and that’s the true meaning of religion and

Christianity in life.

In my childhood, I could say I came from a religious family, my parents taught us how

to pray particularly at 6pm everyday which is angelus and before we slept at night, we

pray the rosary. As eldest in the siblings they assigned me to be the leader in the prayer

which until now I still a little bit knew and memorized the context of the prayer especially

the rosary. They also brought us in every Sunday mass like a typical catholic doing. In

addition to this, I also served as a knight of the altar in our church, and I could say it was

a great opportunity to be a servant of God. Why am I telling this? Yes, because in this

time we as children will be moulded in Christian life doings as we grew up. There are

some people whom they take this kind of doings and values for granted which they led

their Christian life in the future nothing. In my part, I am blessed and thankful that even in

my childhood years I already knew God until now, I am not God as perfect as he is, but

the mere fact that I knew him I am always reminded that every action, all words and

emotions that took place in my life I consider him first and talked to him by means of

prayer. When I reached my high school days, still we continue serving the Lord as family.

My parents and their friends build a religious organization that includes us and their family

as well. They started conducting some prayer meetings and get together for all the

members including their children. As far as I remember their organization one`s named

“Sagrada Familia” because for them they build it to encourage every family to knew God’s
word and the same time having Christian values. Then I also remembered they usually

called each other brothers and sisters maybe as part of that Christian life organization or

I could say respecting one another.

One time as we went to their member`s place somewhere in Sampaloc, Manila, being

observer one of the lady members supposed to be I think it was their leader or I don’t

know how to call her was suddenly possessed! Yes, I saw it with my two eyes and so

amazed what I experienced. The woman on that night smell so good like sampaguita or

whatever as she steps out of her room towards us in the living room and then she started

to talk and surprisingly I was shocked that her voice was so tiny, or I could say like the

voice of a dwarf. Then she said according to her she is “St. Nino” and started preaching

us with that kind of voice, a little boy voice. Curiosity and astonished or mixed emotions

is what I felt on that time. Days passed by; I was still confused about the events that I

saw. There’s a question in my mind that disrupts me if that was true or only a human

acting. However, I still obey the call of my parents in their religious belief. I entered

“Cursillo” a religious class in learning the words of God and stay there for about four nights

and three days, then finished it with a graduation ceremony. While I was there, I felt like

it’s kind of boring and sleepy as the classes started every morning. I began to be

energized if the eating will soon to start like breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snacks but still

I graduated.

All these life events I manage not to take it seriously but as far as I know there is God,

our Father in heaven. My teen age years was moving in the worldly doings together with

my friends. I began to take vices and started to drink liquors; happenings everywhere

seem to be endless. Are these kind of doings in my life favourably good in the eyes of
God? I don’t think so, but that was the reality of life, we are not God, we’re just human

and prone to any kinds of sins.

A Short Business Report

Business: “The Auto Part Hub”

Executive Summary
The Auto Part Hub is a new company in Tondo, Manila that produces and sells different
car parts. This report provides an overview of the automotive parts industry, focusing on
key trends and opportunities for this company. Given the increasing number of vehicles
on the road and the need for maintenance and repairs, the market for car parts has been
steadily growing. The company includes a diverse range of products such as engine
components, brakes, electrical parts, and body accessories.
Scope
This report covers The Auto Part Hub's operations, market presence, and performance in
the automotive parts industry. It examines the market landscape, customer preferences,
and competitive dynamics, as well as the company's business activities, timeline, and
current status. The report's goal is to provide insights and recommendations that will help
guide The Auto Part Hub's future strategies.
Business Activities
The Auto Part Hub is engaged in the production and sale of a diverse range of car parts,
including engine components, brakes, electrical parts, and body accessories. The
company operates in Tondo, Manila, catering to the local market and serving customers
in need of car maintenance and repairs. The report evaluates the company's product
offerings, distribution channels, and customer engagement strategies.
 Business Activity Description Responsible

The Auto Part Hub is

responsible for the
manufacturing of car parts,
including engine
components, brakes, • The production
electrical parts, and body department, headed
accessories. This involves by the Production
Manufacturing and Quality the procurement of raw Manager
Control materials, production • The team of skilled
processes, assembly, and technicians,
quality control. The machine operators,
manufacturing activities and assembly
include precision workers
machining, molding, • The Quality Control
casting, and assembling team
the various parts to ensure
they meet the required
specifications and quality
standards.

This involves establishing

effective sales channels, • The Sales and
managing customer Marketing
relationships, and ensuring department, led by
Sales and Distribution timely delivery of orders. the Sales Manager
The company may utilize • The logistics team
multiple distribution • The Customer
channels, such as a Service team
physical store, online
platforms, or partnerships
with other automotive
businesses.
Timeline and Status

Business Activity Period Status

Manufacturing and Quality January 2, 2023- Present On-going
Control
Sales and Distribution February 6, 2023- Present On-going

Findings
The report presents key findings based on market analysis, customer preferences, and
competitive analysis. It highlights trends in the car parts industry, such as the increasing
demand for specialized components and sustainability-focused solutions. The report also
identifies the preferences of customers, emphasizing the importance of quality, reliability,
competitive pricing, and convenience. Furthermore, it assesses the competitive
landscape, evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of competitors in the local market.
Conclusion
Based on the findings, it can be concluded that The Auto Part Hub has a solid foundation
in the car parts industry and a strong market presence in Tondo, Manila. The company's
diverse product offerings align with customer preferences, positioning it well to capitalize
on market opportunities.
Recommendations
To further drive growth and success, the report offers several recommendations for The
Auto Part Hub. These include:
1. Expanding product range: Continuously assess market demands and trends to
identify opportunities for expanding the product range, such as exploring eco-
friendly or specialized components.
2. Strategic partnerships: Consider forming strategic partnerships with other
automotive businesses, such as repair shops or car dealerships, to expand reach
and mutually benefit from shared customer bases.
3. Market expansion: Evaluate the potential for expanding operations beyond
Tondo, Manila, by targeting neighbouring areas or emerging markets with a rising
automotive sector.
 Activity 1
How many of the entrepreneurial qualities do you feel already, in the main part, apply to
you?

- Personally, I feel that there are six entrepreneurial qualities that I already have
such as the drive and energy, self-confidence, clear goal setting, high initiative
and personal responsibility, moderate risk taking, and long-term involvement.
Which ones do you feel a need to find out more about?

- I believe I should learn more about "clear goal setting." Clear goal setting is
essential because it provides entrepreneurs with a sense of direction and
purpose, guiding their decision-making and actions. Entrepreneurs can empower
entrepreneurs to work towards a vision, align their actions with their aspirations,
and navigate their entrepreneurial journey with purpose by setting clear and
specific goals. It enables them to remain focused, motivated, and resilient in the
face of adversity.
Which ones have you already identified as needing more development?

- Among my listed entrepreneurial qualities, "self-confidence" is one that I may

need to work on more. Being confident is essential in the entrepreneurial journey
because it influences many aspects of an entrepreneur's mindset and actions. I
believe that developing self-confidence is critical for entrepreneurs because it
influences their ability to take risks, deal with failures, build relationships, pitch
ideas, and overcome self-doubt.

Activity 2
Do you feel you are highly motivated to achieve?

- Yes, I believe that my high motivation fuels my drive and determination to

achieve my objectives. It gives me the energy and enthusiasm that I need to
overcome obstacles and persevere through difficulties. Even when faced with
setbacks or difficult circumstances, motivation allows me to stay focused on my
goals and maintain a strong work ethic.
Are you competitive and get above average satisfaction from success in non-business
areas such as, say sport or academic studies?

- Yes. Personally, I am competitive and derive above-average satisfaction from

success in non-business areas such as in sports because being competitive in
non-business areas allows me to challenge myself and push my limits. It fosters
 personal growth by encouraging continuous learning, improvement, and skill
development. Through healthy competition, I strive to become better versions of
myself, acquiring new knowledge and honing my abilities.
Are you able to take setbacks without becoming too discouraged?

- Yes, because I believe that setbacks are an inevitable part of any work, and the
ability to recover from setbacks is an important aspect of resilience. Individuals
who can maintain a positive mindset and adapt their approach in the face of
setbacks are better equipped to overcome challenges and keep moving forward.

Activity 3
Complete the Entrepreneurial attributes: locus of control questionnaire. This will give
you an estimate of your own locus of control belief profile and what dominates –
internal, external, or chance. Select one of the three choices. Depending on whether
you agree or disagree with each statement. (A scoring version is available at: (Agree or
Neutral or Disagree)

QUESTIONS AGREE NEUTRAL DISAGREE

1. To a great
extent my ✔
life is
controlled by
accidental
happenings.
2. I feel like
what
happens in
my life is ✔
mostly
determined
by powerful
other
people.
3. My own
behavior will
determine ✔
whether I
can start my
business.
 4. When I
make plans,
I am almost ✔
certain to
make them
work.
5. Often there
is no chance
of protecting ✔
my personal
interests
from bad
luck.

Activity 4
Which style best reflects your own?

- I believe that Diverging is the best style for me because, as one of those
Divergers, I value reflective observation, allowing myself to step back and
carefully observe my experiences. This characteristic allows me to gain a better
understanding of situations, identify patterns, and derive meaning from my
observations. The reflective nature of Divergers allows for introspection and
thoughtful analysis, which can lead to deeper learning and self-awareness.
Where would you place yourself on Kolb's grid?

- I would place myself on the upper right quadrant of Kolb’s grid labelled as the
diverger.
What sort of balance of learning styles do you think would best fit your needs?

- As a government employee, I believe the balance of doing and feeling learning

style, also known as accommodating learning style, would best suit my needs.
This personality trait will help me in public outreach, community development,
and public service delivery. Flexible learners thrive on hands-on tasks and are at
ease taking risks and adapting to new situations. This style can help employees
respond to a variety of needs, collaborate with stakeholders, and deliver practical
solutions.
 Activity 5
Consider the last time you worked with or managed a group of at least two other people
(preferably but not necessarily one related to business or work). Write a brief 1–2-line
description of the group or team.

- Last time I worked as an enthusiastic basketball coach, I managed a basketball

team made up of players from Manila City Hall's engineering department office,
with the goal of developing fundamental skills, promoting sportsmanship, and
instilling a love for the game.

Final Assignment
Briefly, using the given report example as your guide, write a brief summary of your
activities/job in the office/workplace where you work. Test your contribution to the
office/workplace with the following questions:
1. Is your office/workplace continually improving and creating value along measures
such as innovation, technological leadership, service quality, operational process
efficiencies, so on?

- Yes, the Property Division Office department at Manila City Hall where I work,
continually improves, and creates value along measures such as innovation,
technological leadership, service quality, and operational process efficiencies
because the department focuses on continual improvement and value creation to
adapt to the changing environment, meet customer expectations, streamline
operations, generate value, engage employees, and maintain a competitive
advantage. These efforts help the department thrive in the property industry and
deliver superior outcomes to stakeholders.

2. Is the office/workplace sustaining and even improving on its core competencies

and competitive advantages due to the services you render?

- Yes, because my services as a government employee can bring valuable

expertise and specialization to the department. My knowledge and skills in
property management, regulations, and industry best practices can contribute to
the department's core competencies. This expertise allows the department to
deliver high-quality services, make informed decisions, and stay ahead of the
competition.

3. How satisfied are the workplace’s customers?

 - I believe they are satisfied enough.

4. What kind of Christian vitality have you contributed to the office/workplace?

- As a Christian, I strive to live out my Christian values, which include honesty,

fairness, and respect for others. My presence in the workplace can help foster an
environment of trust and accountability.

Reaction Paper
Chapter 1
RELS 1001
Christian Formation
Donato B. Serrano
Philippine Christian University

Part 1: A Summary of the Reaction

Chapter 2 is all about Christian Formation, it explores the processes and goals of
spiritual formation from various disciplinary perspectives. It considers personal, biblical,
theological, psychological, and historical viewpoints. The chapter introduces students to
the historic disciplines and practices of the Christian faith that promote a closer
relationship with God and the development of Christ-like character. The aim is to cultivate
ongoing personal vitality, which is crucial for ministry and the ability to facilitate spiritual
renewal and consistent discipleship in others.

This chapter also emphasizes the importance of understanding one's spiritual journey
or story. A person's present sense of personal, spiritual, and ministerial identity is shaped
by their unique experiences and narrative. Telling and retelling one's story is essential for
gaining a deep understanding of oneself. Additionally, sharing one's story helps in
recognizing and appreciating how God's grace, mercy, and provision have been evident
in one's life. It also reveals how God has used different events to develop specific spiritual
capacities, such as increased prayerfulness, care for others, or trust in God's plan.
 Overall, this chapter underscores the significance of Christian formation in nurturing a
strong spiritual foundation. It encourages individuals to reflect on their spiritual journeys,
appreciate the work of God in their lives, and embrace the disciplines and practices that
promote spiritual growth. By understanding and sharing their stories, individuals can gain
insight into their personal, spiritual, and ministerial identities, fostering a deeper
connection with God and equipping themselves to guide others in their spiritual journeys.

Part 2: My Reaction to the Work

As a reaction to this topic, I find the emphasis on Christian formation and spiritual
narrative to be compelling. Recognizing the importance of personal experiences and
understanding how God has been at work in one's life can be transformative. The
integration of various disciplinary perspectives provides a comprehensive approach to
spiritual formation. This chapter serves as a reminder that ongoing personal growth and
a deep connection with God are vital not only for one's own spiritual well-being but also
for effectively ministering to others and facilitating their spiritual development.

Chapter 2
A Short Business Report
Donato B. Serrano
Philippine Christian University

Part 1: A Summary of the Reaction

Chapter 2 discusses the purpose and structure of these reports. It explains that a short
report aims to inform the reader by providing significant information on a particular topic.
The report can be delivered orally or written in the form of a memo or a letter. It typically
includes a summary of the report, a brief background, a defined purpose, and a
conclusion. The report should also have a title that clearly defines its content.
 This chapter emphasizes the importance of creating an outline for a short report. While
the report itself is a summary, an outline helps to focus on the essential aspects. To create
an outline, key points are identified, and sentences are constructed to define each point
without the need for sub-points. It is not necessary to provide a detailed explanation; a
brief address of the matter is sufficient. Additionally, the chapter suggests including a
recommendation or personal opinion on the main problem or contributing facts. Also,
chapter 2 acknowledges that in the current era, executives and managers have limited
time to read lengthy reports. Therefore, it is advisable to prepare a concise and brief
report. An example of such a report format is provided.

In summary, this chapter highlights the purpose and structure of short business
reports. It emphasizes the importance of being concise and provides guidance on creating
an outline to focus on the key points. By preparing a well-structured and concise report,
it becomes easier for busy executives to grasp the important information efficiently.

Part 2: My Reaction to the Work

I find the emphasis on short and concise business reports to be highly relevant in
today's fast-paced business environment. Executives and managers often have limited
time to review lengthy documents, so it is crucial to present information in a clear and
concise manner. This chapter's guidance on creating an outline helps in organizing the
report effectively, focusing on key points, and avoiding unnecessary details. By adopting
this approach, business professionals can ensure that their reports are more accessible
and have a greater impact. It reminds me of the importance of being mindful of the
reader's time and attention when preparing business reports.
Chapter 3
OFCA 2202
Customer Relations
Donato B. Serrano
Philippine Christian University

Part 1: A Summary of the Reaction

Chapter 3 is all about customer relations, it introduces the principles and practices of
effectively managing customer relationships. It emphasizes the importance of delighting
customers and ensuring their satisfaction. Good customer relations involve effective
communication, problem-solving skills, and teamwork to meet customer needs and make
them feel valued. This chapter also discusses customer relationship management (CRM)
and its significance in building and maintaining strong customer relationships.

CRM is defined as the art of managing customer relationships and understanding their
expectations. It involves nurturing relationships, meeting, or exceeding customer
expectations, and driving new trends for business growth. This chapter presents a CRM
model that includes stages such as awareness, discovery, evaluation, intent, purchase,
and loyalty. Each stage contributes to developing a positive customer experience and
fostering customer loyalty.

Moreover, this chapter highlights the benefits of creating a solid foundation for CRM,
including improved customer experience, increased customer retention rates, and high
levels of customer satisfaction. It emphasizes that businesses should focus on developing
innovative marketing and CRM strategies to enhance customer relationships. Several
examples are provided, including delivering live assistance through video chat and co-
browsing, having an omnichannel presence to provide consistent service, automating
customer support with chatbots, and maintaining continuous marketing engagement to
keep customers happy and engaged.

Overall, chapter 1 underscores the importance of effective customer relations and

provides practical examples of how businesses can implement CRM strategies to
strengthen customer relationships, drive business growth, and achieve better
performance.

Part 2: My Reaction to the Work

In chapter 1 on customer relations, I learn about the fundamental principles and

practices involved in effectively managing customer relationships. I agree that the chapter
emphasizes the significance of customer satisfaction and the need to go above and
beyond to delight customers. It highlights the importance of communication, problem-
solving skills, and teamwork in meeting customer needs and making them feel valued.

As a reaction to this work, I find the chapter to be informative and well-structured. It

effectively highlights the importance of customer relations in today's business landscape.
The emphasis on customer satisfaction and the use of practical examples to illustrate
CRM strategies make the content relatable and applicable. The inclusion of innovative
approaches, such as live assistance and automation, demonstrates the evolving nature
of customer relations in the digital age. Overall, I learned that this chapter provides a solid
foundation for understanding and implementing effective customer relations principles in
a business setting.

Chapter 4
OFCA 3203
Entrepreneurial Behavior and Competencies
Donato B. Serrano
Philippine Christian University

Part 1: A Summary of the Reaction

The chapter on Entrepreneurial Behavior and Competencies introduces students to
the theory and practical implementation of entrepreneurship. It covers various stages of
the entrepreneurial process, including business model innovation, monetization, small
business management, and strategies for improving the performance of new ventures.
Entrepreneurial behavior is defined as a preference for innovation and challenging
existing institutions and the status quo. It can range from simple actions like purchasing
a new electronic gadget to more complex endeavours such as rebelling against a political
regime and establishing a new nation.

This chapter delves into the qualities and characteristics of entrepreneurs. It highlights
that beyond the start-up phase, many small firms are primarily concerned with survival
rather than growth. Research has focused on identifying the traits that set entrepreneurs
and their firms apart from others. Psychological aspects such as entrepreneurial intention
and the ability to recognize opportunities have been strongly linked to entrepreneurial
behavior. However, the context in which an entrepreneur operates is also crucial.
Entrepreneurship involves dynamic interactions between the individual and the situation,
where judgment and perception play key roles.

Moreover, chapter 4 emphasizes the importance of judgment in entrepreneurship.

Successful entrepreneurs are distinguished by their ability to exercise sound judgment,
which can stem from innate ability or learning from past experiences. However, prior
experience can also limit the ability to spot new opportunities or threats. Cultural effects,
family background, social networks, and personal expectations also influence an
entrepreneur's judgment and business behavior.

This chapter presents a model that summarizes the influences and feedback loops on
the decision-making of owner-managers. It highlights the dynamic nature of
entrepreneurial behavior, with market signals and feedback impacting subsequent
decisions and actions. Each entrepreneur faces a unique business situation influenced
by industry, region, and life-cycle factors, making it unlikely that a standardized set of
skills guarantees success.The chapter further provides a list of behavioral characteristics
associated with entrepreneurs, including drive and energy, self-confidence, initiative,
internal locus of control, tolerance of ambiguity, low fear of failure, moderate risk-taking,
long-term involvement, and more. These characteristics are not necessarily possessed
by all entrepreneurs, but strengths in some areas may compensate for weaknesses in
others.

Overall, this chapter underscores the importance of understanding entrepreneurial

behavior and the competencies required for success. It highlights the dynamic nature of
entrepreneurship, the influence of personal and contextual factors on judgment, and the
range of behavioral characteristics associated with entrepreneurs. The ultimate objective
of the course is to help students develop clear goal-setting abilities, fostering their
entrepreneurial skills and competencies.

Part 2: My Reaction to the Work

In this summary of the chapter on Entrepreneurial Behavior and Competencies, I

learned that entrepreneurship involves various stages of the entrepreneurial process,
including business model innovation, monetization, small business management, and
strategies for improving the performance of new ventures. Entrepreneurial behavior is
defined as a preference for innovation and challenging existing institutions and the status
quo. The chapter explores the qualities and characteristics of entrepreneurs, emphasizing
that beyond the start-up phase, many small firms are focused on survival rather than
growth. Psychological aspects such as entrepreneurial intention and the ability to
recognize opportunities are strongly linked to entrepreneurial behavior. I agree with the
context in which an entrepreneur operates, along with judgment and perception, also play
crucial roles in entrepreneurship.

Overall, this chapter has deepened my understanding of entrepreneurial behavior and

the competencies required for success. It has reaffirmed the importance of continuous
learning, adaptability, and goal setting in my entrepreneurial journey.
Chapter 5
Kolb’s Learning Styles
Donato B. Serrano
Philippine Christian University

Part 1: A Summary of the Reaction

Chapter 5 is all about Kolb's Learning Styles. It introduces the concept of learning
styles based on the Lewin/Kolb experiential learning cycle. According to David Kolb's
model, entrepreneurial success is determined by an individual's ability to adapt and
navigate changes in the business environment, exploring new opportunities and learning
from past successes and mistakes. The learning cycle consists of four stages: concrete
experience, observation, and reflection, making sense of the experience, and testing new
insights.

Kolb observed that individuals tend to display skills along a "concrete-abstract"

dimension and an "action-reflection" dimension, leading to the identification of four
learning styles. The upper right quadrant is the diverger, characterized by the ability to
see concrete experiences from different perspectives and derive multiple meanings from
them. Divergers are seen as inventive and creative, often found in creative industries
such as design and media. In the lower right quadrant, the assimilator is attracted to
creating models and concepts, making them well-suited for consultancies and marketing
firms. The converger, in the lower left quadrant, prefers to apply rules and test them,
appealing to engineers, technical individuals, and R&D-based innovations. Finally, the
accommodator, in the final quadrant, thrives in working with others, enjoys planning and
implementing new activities, and is more inclined to accept risks. This learning style is
considered the most entrepreneurial. However, Kolb emphasizes that these learning
styles are not fixed categories, as individuals can move from one style to another
depending on circumstances or context. While people may have a preferred dominant
style, they are not confined to a single style throughout their lives.
 In summary, this chapter introduces Kolb's Learning Styles, which categorizes
individuals into four styles based on their preferences in the learning cycle. It highlights
the importance of adapting and learning from experiences for entrepreneurial success.
The chapter provides insights into the characteristics of each learning style and their
applicability in different fields, emphasizing the dynamic nature of learning styles and their
context-dependent nature.

Part 2: My Reaction to the Work

In response to this topic, I find the exploration of learning styles intriguing and relevant.
As an individual engaged in entrepreneurship, understanding my learning style and its
implications can help me capitalize on my strengths and identify areas for growth. The
notion that learning styles are not fixed categories resonates with me, as I have observed
myself adapting and evolving in different situations throughout my entrepreneurial
journey. Moreover, the identification of different learning styles and their suitability for
specific fields aligns with my experiences working with diverse teams and recognizing the
value of different perspectives in problem-solving and innovation.

By recognizing my preferred dominant learning style and being open to embracing

other styles when appropriate, I can enhance my ability to adapt, learn from experiences,
and navigate the dynamic business environment. This chapter serves as a reminder of
the importance of continuous learning, self-reflection, and flexibility in entrepreneurship,
fostering an environment conducive to personal and professional growth.