CIRCUIT THEORY AND ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Dr.P.Rajasekar & Ms. N.Kiruthika
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
–Sri Krishna College of Technology, Coimbatore
[email protected] May 29, 2023
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Lab Introduction
Lab Introduction I
Course Objectives:
To study the basics of circuit analysis and solve circuits by using
simplification methods.
To apply theorems for finding the solutions of circuit problems.
To obtain the resonance frequency of series and parallel circuits.
To plot the characteristics of diode and transistors.
To understand the concept of special semiconductor devices.
Course Outcomes
☞ CO1 Analyzethe resistive circuits using Mesh and Nodal analysis.
[AN]
☞ CO2 Apply various network theorems in circuit analysis to reduce
their complexity. [AP]
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Lab Introduction
Lab Introduction II
☞ CO3 Obtain the resonant frequency of RLC Circuits. [AN]
☞ CO4 Analyze the characteristics of PN junction and Zener diodes.
[AN]
☞ CO5 Analyze the input and outputcharacteristics of BJT and FET.
[AN]
☞ CO6 Analyze the characteristics of special semiconductor diodes.
[AN]
List of Lab Experiment
1 Verification of Mesh and Nodal Analysis. CO1 [AN]
2 Verification of Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems. CO2 [AP]
3 Verification of Superposition theorem. CO2 [AP]
4 Verification of Maximum Power Transfer theorem. CO2 [AP]
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Lab Introduction
Lab Introduction III
5 Determination of resonance frequency of series and parallel RLC
circuits. CO3 [AN]
6 Characteristicsof PN Junction Diode and Zener Diode. CO4 [AN]
7 Input - Output Characteristics of CE transistor. CO5 [AN]
8 Input - Output Characteristics of MOSFET. CO5 [AN]
9 Characteristicsof JFET. CO5 [AN]
10 Characteristicsof SCR. CO6 [AN]
11 Characteristicsof UJT. CO6 [AN]
12 Characteristicsof Photodiode and phototransistors. CO6 [AN]
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Basics of Electronics Components
BASIC ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS I
COLOUR CODING OF RESISTOR:
Identifications
Colour Codes are used to identify the value of resistor. The numbers to
the Colour are identified in the following sequence which is remembered as
BBROY GREAT BRITAN VERY GOOD WIFE (BBROYGBVGW)
and their assignment is listed in following table
Common Rules to Remember:
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Basics of Electronics Components
BASIC ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS II
Always hold the resistor in your hand such that the metal gold / silver
band is on your right
Always read the resistance bands from left to right
Memorize the color bands (Black (0) to White (9)), tolerance of gold
(5%) and silver (10%) and temperature coefficient of color brown
(100 ppm/K) that is commonly used.
Create some mnemonic for color bands like BBROY Great Britain
Very Great Wife
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Basics of Electronics Components
BASIC ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS III
Figure: Color code Example
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Basics of Electronics Components
BASIC ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS IV
Figure: Color code Example
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Basics of Electronics Components
BASIC ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS V
Figure: 5 Strip Color code Example
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Basics of Electronics Components
BASIC ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS VI
Figure: 6 Strip Color code Example
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Basics of Electronics Components
BASIC ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS VII
Figure: Color code Example
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COLOUR CODING OF CAPACITORS
COLOUR CODING OF CAPACITORS I
☞ An electrical device capable of storing electrical energy. In general, a
capacitor consists of two metal plates insulated from each other by a
dielectric. The capacitance of a capacitor depends primarily upon its
shape and size and upon the relative permittivity ϵr of the medium
between the plates
How do you identify a capacitor?
Ceramic types of capacitors generally have a 3-digit code printed onto
their body to identify their capacitance value in pico-farads. Generally the
first two digits indicate the capacitors value and the third digit
indicates the number of zero’s to be added.
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COLOUR CODING OF CAPACITORS
COLOUR CODING OF CAPACITORS II
Figure
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COLOUR CODING OF CAPACITORS
COLOUR CODING OF CAPACITORS III
Figure: Example
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COLOUR CODING OF CAPACITORS
COLOUR CODING OF CAPACITORS IV
Figure: capacitor-tantalum-leaded-markings
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COLOUR CODING OF CAPACITORS
COLOUR CODING OF CAPACITORS V
Figure: capacitor-tantalum-smd-markings
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COLOUR CODING OF CAPACITORS
COLOUR CODING OF CAPACITORS VI
Figure: capacitor-tantalum-surface-mount
he capacitor code shown in the diagram, the two figures 47 indicate the
significant figures and the 5 indicates the multiplier of 5, i.e. 100 000, i.e.
4.7µF.
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Inductors
Most plastic film types have printed values and are normally in microfarads
or if the symbol is n, Nanofarads. Working voltage is easily identified.
Tolerances are upper case letters: M = 20%, K = 10%, J = 5%, H =
2.5% and F = ± 1pF
Figure: Plastic Film Type Capacitor
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Inductors
Inductors I
An inductor establishes a magnetic field when current passes through it.
Most of the inductors are in the range of milli Henry (mH) or micro
Henry (µH). These are available with air, ferrite and iron cores. In
today’s market there are several inductors available from various
manufacturers and their size varies from larger to smaller units.
Inductor values can be determined mainly by two ways, namely text
coding and color coding methods.
2 Numerical Values Identifications:
If an inductor has two numerical values, or any two digits and a letter like
11N, it means the value is 11 nH (nanohenry).
If there is a letter (mostly R which shows dot “.”) in the middle of two
digits like 6R8, it shows: For example: 6R8 = 6.8µH.
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Inductors
Inductors II
If the first or middle letter is “µ”, “p” or “n” instead of R, it represents
the main units of Inductance such as
For examples:
5µ = 5 Micro-henry
3µ1 = 3.1 Micro-henry
N42 = 42 Nano-henry
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Inductors
Inductors III
Figure: Inductors identification
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Inductors
Inductors IV
Figure: Inductors identification
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Inductors
Inductors V
3 Numerical Values: Most of the inductors have three numerical values
printed on it. For example, 220, 221, 222, 223, 331, 332 etc. Let’s see
how to read these values.
Suppose the printed value on an inductor is “332” 332 = 33 x 102 =
3300 µH (Microhenry)
Similarly, if the specials marking code on the inductor is 223J: (3 Digits +
1 Alphabet), the fourth one character (“J” in this case) shows the
tolerance of the inductor:
223J = 22 x 103 = 22 + 3 Zeros = 22,000 µH = 22mH
The Letter “J” shows a tolerance of ±5%. Hence the value of inductance
is = 22mH, ±5 %
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Inductors
Inductors VI
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Inductors
Inductors VII
Reading 3 bands Inductor Color Codes If there are three color bands
marked on an inductor, it means
1st Color Band = First Number of Value of Inductor.
2nd Color Band = Second Number of value of Inductor.
33rd Color Band = The number of Zeros (as multiplier) with the first two
digits of inductor (In numbers).
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Inductors
Inductors VIII
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Devices
Diode
Figure: Diode
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