.

_-B-U-lk-C-a-rr-i-er-S--------------
•
••
_____________ .::B.::U.:.:lk:..::c=a::rr.::ie::rs.:

III

•
JIJ Hatch_
Strength Deck
plating
Strength Deck
longitudinal

••••
Topside coaming
tank
Topside tank __
longitudinal plating
{vertical strake}

Side shell

••
longitudinal
I I I
Transverse
Topside tank
sloping plating

bulkhead
Side shell
p1aling

•••
End
brackets Side shell
Side shell longitudinal
frames
Inner
bottom plating Hoppe<
transverse

•••
Double ring web
bottom
tank

\ Bilge
Keelplate Bottomshell

•••
plating
Bo"om
Double boltom plating longitudinal Hopper
f~ tank

Longitudinal/flat - bar
end - connection

•.-
r,g.5.l.l
••• fig. S.U
Nomenc:lature for typical transVfl$e section in way of eilllIo hold
Typic:alcargo hokl 5tr"etural conligur.rtion for a single skin bulk carrier
III
__ B_U_lk_c_a_r_ri_e_rs _ ______________ B_U_lk_c_a_rr_ie_r_s __
Table 5.1.1 Locations where correct alignment during construction is impol1..1nt and where high stress
variations can be experienced during the lifetime of the ship

,
G~ouP
0'.
C"tlCal areas
"""''''
0' I
Cr:lfCa;'«allOOS

, Do\..tllebotlom , ConneclIOnS of the <bble bottom I\oof vertICal Sliff~ to the

.•••••••••
Hatch
end coaming I;
I
bollom shen 1oo;11!JC'na!S
CGrechons of the do:.tlle oonom ftoot' vertICal Sldlenet"S to the ll'II'Ief
bottom longl1ueltnals.

, HcJopef 'ank , Comec1o'::ns near the welded ~kle \()f'rrll!'dby the It1tersecl>en oIl1l1'l8l"
I bottom platng wrth dOuble bollom grder a'1d hoPPef sIopng plate

Cross deck
beam Upper stool
, Comec\lQnS near the radiused knJckle lormed by me ntersecloon
bonom p!alng with double bottom groer and hooPet sJoong plate.
ot nner

-- Upper shelf plate

J , Comecloons 01 the hopper tafj( transverse 'Mtb Sfjffl!f\el'$ to lhe
Corrugated tral'l$verse bon()'TI and SIde ~ bVtucfo'lal$.
Cross deck bulkhead 2. Comedians of lhe hoPPer ~ trMSVerse web stlffeners to the
cantilever support hopper sloping platng ~Is.
bracket '. , Comect>ons aI the hoPPer tar'l trao~ web brackets
sJooeng plate. bottom shell ¥Id side shelllongitu6iNls.
to the flOPpl!f
!
5 ~s aI t1oDPe' side l.ClPI'"inlermeoete brackets below hold
,
Iriwne lower end bracket

_.
J
"""''''''''
, Toe comectoons 01 hold trame lower and upper end braCltets 10 the
hopper and topsi(le $I(::(WlgpIaln;.

, TOPSide l¥lI<s , Cornections ci lOOSIde tank i::Iwel"intermediate brad\els al:x1Je hold

frame ~ end brackets.

2 Comectic:>'1s 01 topside lMI< tra'\SVefSe wet! stiffener.> 10 the side shell

J COToecticns cA the tClPS'de tarj!; trarrsYet'Se .....eDbrackets to me $!de sheI :

lOngiluclir'lals,
~
\
Shedder plate
Lower sheH
, Cornecbons of the tOPSIde Ia,,* transverse web stiffenef"S to the tOPSide
tank slopng plate IongItvdNls.

plate 5 Conne<:h:lrJs of the topsode tar* \l'ansve'"Se wet! brackets

tn slopIrlg plate IongMinals.
10 the IOpsode
,
5 Deck OtJlside line 01 openings , ,. Cvl'OU!s in the ~ !rllJlSYeW ring web for deCk IQ"lgItUClonals
2. Cornectoons 01 the CleCklI'3f'rSVerSewet! stifleners to the vppe!" oed<.
:

•
longiIudll'18ls.

, L Cul·OtJls in !tie deck Ir8l'lSVe"Sering weo for deck

2. Connectioos oIlhe CleCk~ wet! brackets
lQngl1udnalS,
10 the upper (leek
, lor9ludinals. ,
,
III
6 Deck between hatches

, I' 2
Deck pIalng in way of lhe halCh corners.
Connectoons 01 hatCh enClbeam to tOOSId~ tank transverse

•
1 Toe comec1ions Of lOl'I9iluo-'\8l hatCh coarr.ng end cracket 10 tr>e deck
, p1atng. ,
7 Transverse bull<heads (Deep tank) , I ComectlOl'lS aI double bottom &ocr Ye1oca1 stilfeners to tnt bonom and
'Ont\' bottom lortg'tudif'lals beloW lower stOOl and COfY1ecloons 011O.....er

•••
StOOlto the inner bottom platt .

2 Ccn"tectons 0: bonom stools to the R'll!r bonom platrng n way of clOubIe

•
con:;m gn-oe's

J , ConnecllOO 01 botlom Slool shelf plale to SIOOland cortI.I931ed

!rarrsve-st bul<heads.
2. ConntctlOOS of SfleClOer plates 10 C(lrTIJgatecllransverse bulkheac

, ::onnect.l()rtS 0' corrugated OUkhead to the tOPSOde tank OOt;ndary

platng. oeck and l.O::>erstool ,
fig. 5.1.3
Nomenelature for typical tr.Jnsverse bulkhead and alternative lower stool amllngements

:=
_ Bulk Carriers
-----------------------------
••
IQ
______________ B_U_I_k_c_a_r_r_ie_r_s~
_

Ha::r: ertC,coom,ng
HalCt'l eixJ t>eam
•
IQ
2.1.1 For the purpo~s of this Guide, the bulk carrier
cargo area has been divided intO seven Groups referred to
as Critical Areas (Table 5.2.1). Each Critical Area contains

•
Uppef510011 Topsiclelank
a number of examplts of the locations which may be prone
i 10 fatigue damage, referred to as Critical Locations, for
which Detail Design Improvements are provided. A
summary of the dala is presented in Table 5.2.1 whilst the
full detail improvementS an~ given in Figs. 1 to 20 as
III contained in this Section.

• 2.1.2 Generally, where alternative structUral detail design

improvementS are provided, the details are shown in an

••
ascending order of improved fatigue strength. Therefore,
when used in conjunction with a Level (Wo or a u-vel three
assessment the designer may select which design
I
Lowet"stool
improvement is the optimum for his design criteria.

i
I 2.13 Where asymmetrical sections are shown, the same
requitements apply 10bulb plate stiffeners and flal bars.

Fig.S.U
Typicaltr.lnsyerse bulkhead vertieallv conugated with upper and lower stools •••
••
and areas su5eeptible to higher slressn and misalignment

Fraeture$ on web 01
~tion initiating al
inlerwction ot ildJ,aCAilnt
shedder plAles F~vr" initiating at
tile comers at the $hedder
I plallt connections to the snell
. plan ..-.d oorrugations

•
FradtKe:J initiating ~

•..•"
COOf'Iections; 10 side

Fractures Initiating
connectoons ot
,,-
ilt

sJoPng~,ng

Fractur~ initiIting It
I
the weld 01 eotTUgations
10shtIl pIalt and 101
$tool ~ plating 10
st>e~~le

Fractures initialing OIl

l!'le oonoections of tne
51001 s~pingplat,ng
10 the ,nner bottom

F,g S.l.)
Typical fraehJres at the conn~tion of tnlnsverse bulkhead structure
__ B_U_lk_c_a_rr_i_e_rs _ _______________ B_U_lk_c_a_r_r_ie_r_s~ _

G",up
"'., Double bottom

_,;>nk
CritICal aleas Example
no.
,
,
Example title

Floor vertiCal llat bar st,!fe-.er connection

and bottom shelllongltOOnals.
10 mner botlom

pia,,,''''' I
F"
'", •
•
AREA:
EXAMPLE No. 1:
Double bottom
Floor vertical flal bar stiffener
and bonom longitudinals.
connection lO inner bottom

•
2 Welded knockIe COI'\I"II!Ctoon
01 hopper lank sloping 2
10 1000erbot1om patlOg

2 Radlused knUCkle connection of hopper tank slOping pltl!-

irIg to n>er bottom plating
3

~I~
,
,
3 Traosverse n"g web. !Iat bar stitlener connec1on to long,.
tl.ldln81on slopll'lg nopper p1ati'lg. bOltom shell and s.de
shell plaling.

TransvefSe rng web. I~

shell pla\Jng.
bracket c:orroeclion to loogo'
ludioal on hoppef sIopng plale. bottom shell and SIde

upper intermediate brackels below hold side shelllrame

lOWer brackets,
,
,
6
••• ~~

3 Hold frames , Connecl.on of sodeshell frames to hoPPer aod topside , 181

•
tank platong.

, ToosiOe tank , Lower iltermecliate bracketS above Side shea frame upper 8
bracket.

•
2 T~ ring web ftat bar stiffener come<;tion to long,.
tudirlal on side shell plating.

3 Transverse ring web. tripping bc'ackel comection to Iongi. >0

tudilal on side shell plating.

,
•
I> d/18
Transverse ring web. stiffener connectiotlto toogi1udilals I> d/18
on topside lank sloping plating. " R:2: O.75d
/
R ~ 2.Od
R~400mm

-~
"

•
5 Transverse ril'l9 web. tripping bracket cormectiOn 10 long" Transverse section A A max 15nvn\ ma< '5mm
IIJCIi'IaIs, on tooslCle tank sloping plalll'lQ. ...L ...L
Deck outside line Of oe>enings , Deck tlansverses. slit1ener connectoon 10 tongiludlnals on ,I
5
"

•
upper deck. mnd/2
2 Deck transverses. Irl;lping bracket connection to k:>ng~u·
dinals on uPPer deck. " Note;
,

•
HaICh ~ and hatch end beam comeclion
6 Deck between hatches
lank transverse web.
10 1()pSICle
" Where higher tensile asymmecrical sted longirudinals are
used and double bottom and topside tanks are
Hatch coamir1g Ioog~udinal enct brackets. interconnected a soh heel detail is required as a minimum
2
, "

•
improvement to the floor stiffener.
7 Transverse buI<he&OS (Deep lank) Comections of bottom shellanct inner bollom
nals below lower slool.
tong~udl.
"
Comeclions of lower slOOIO inner bottom Il'l way 01
2
"

•
cIoubIe bottom Qiroers. 1. Heel and toe conne:crion of the floor stiffeners [0 the bottom sheU JongiNdinals.
2. Heel and l<leconnection of the floor stiffeners to me inner bottom longitudinals.
ComecllOllS Ifl way Of loWer Slool shelf plate. Detail Design
3
, ConnecttOnS in way 01 upper bol.ndaries of corrvgaled
"
2O
Improvemem
1. Soh heel Of soft toe and soft heel or S}mmetrical soft toe with soft backing lmlcket. can be
used to reduce peak and range of resultant stresses from cyclic eXlernal hydrodynamic
bul<helldS. pressures and huU girder longitudinal loading.
2. Soft heel or soft toe and soft heel or symmetrical soft toe with soft backing bracket. can be
III used to red~ peak and range of resultant stresses from cyclic cargo inel1ia loads and hull

•
girder global loading.
Figures in this Guide are given to illustrate some methods of improving the faligue life of ship structural delails
Ensure good alignment between 10ngiNdinal stiffener web and floor stiffener and backing brackel,
and are not [0 scale. if fined. For recommended stiffener and bracket alignment, see Chapter 3, Fig. 3.2.2.
Ensure Slan and StOPof welding is as far away as practicable ITom the stiffener/bracket heel and
toe. A wrap around weld, free of nOlches of undercut or nOlches around the fieel and loe
connections of the stiffener and backing bracket connection to longitudinal. Also. see LR's Rules
and RegularioltS for the Clauijic400n of Ships PI:3. Ch 10.

•
GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDEUNES FOR BULK CARRlER FIGURE
1 STRUCTURAL DETAILS 1
_ Bulk Carriers
--------------------------------
•• ______________ B_UI_k_c_a_r_r_ie_r_s
__

AREA'
EXAMPLE No. 1:
Hopper tank
Welded knuckle connection of hopper tank sloping plarinR
to inner bonom platmg
• AREA'
EXAMPLE No, 2:
Hopper tank
Radiused knuckle conneCtion of hopper tank sloping
plating co inner bonom plating.

No $callo::>

9<fOe. and
Full pene:tralior'!
weIa connectcn O~:IoOr
and we!) lo.....-.er bOttom
hopper

\
•
DJ
Drstance 'rom $.de
oroet
kIIuckIe
10 Cenlr!

0I:l:70mm
or
~ 50 n-m
l'-[

Long,tUOlnilt
A---,

1 ~
:
I
s.ecll()ll
B----,
1 Criti(:alloc8tions
I
l__
<Xitlllllow:
1M:I
I Hopper
.•..transverse
tn::ls I 'rog trames
\

"',"
,
,
.•,. Longitudinal
A ----,
section
B ...--.

Critlcallocations
j...-
Hoppef
OTt I;JebN / traosYef'S8
VS I'd:I$ web frames

J _
:=~--_:
••
~ b) Intennediate bracket atT'angement ($actiOn 8 81

/' I WhenlIoorspacing is greater than 2,Sm

~--
!
-----~----- Floor :
I
,
Hower
tr8f\SVer$e
"",-
In ory cargo holdS:
Inbalasl nolds:
01e ontermedlate
Two iI"ltermed13te
bo'"acket
brackets

Scarfng bracke:s
(Gussel plate)

bllntermediate bf'ackel arrangement (ballast holds)

••••
!Section B BJ

•
IN Critical Location Connections near me knuckle formed by me intersection of inner bottom with hopper sloping plate,

••••
Critical Location ConnectiolU near the knuckle form«l by the intersectiOn of inner bonom with hopper sloping plate.
Detail Design Detail Design 1. In way of-double bottom floor and hopper uansverse ring webs, scallops are to be avoided to
1. In way of floor and rransverse ring web$, scallops are 10 avoided. Alternatively full collars are
Improvement 10 be provided 10reduce puk and ranle of resultant stresses from cyclic external hydrodynamic Improvement reduce peak and range of resultant stresses from cyclic external hydrodynamic pressures and
pressures and cargo inenia loads (see improvement (.Ill. cargo inertia loads (s~ improvement (I»).
2. In way of ballasl holds when dlc floor spacing exceeds 2,5 m onc intermediale bracket arrangement 2. In all dry holds, where the double bottom floor spacing is 2,5 m or greater, one intennediate
is to be provided to reduce peak and range of resultant stresses from cyclic loading (s« section BB), bracket arrangement is [0 be arranged mid.length beTWeen floors. In way of ballast holds, TWO
3. In case scallops have [0 be retained on the hopper side, searling brackets are 10 be pro\ided at [he intennediate brackets ate to be provided and are, in general, to be localed at each frame space,
free edge of me inner bottom plate [0 reduce nresses in the knuckle (see section CC). Ensure good alignment between double bonom floor and hopper transverse ring web. Maximum

••
Ensure Sced alignment between floor and hopper transverse ring web and between sloping plating and misalignment is to be not greater than Crl3) where t is the thinner of the webs 10 be aligned and
hopper side girder. Maximum misalignmenl is to be not greater man (t/3) where t is me minner of me misalignment is the overhang of the Ihinner lhickness, see Chapter 3, Fig. 3.2,1.
webs to be aligned and misalignment is the overhang of me thinner thickness. see Chapler 3. Fig. 3.2.1.
Full peneuation welding to be applied 10 the connections near [he knuckle between inner bottom
Full penemnion welding 10 be applied 10 dlot connections near the knuckle between double bottom floor
and [[ansverse ring web. Also, see LR's RultS and Regulacioru jor the Classijicocion of ShipJ Pt 3,
to inner bouom and girder. inner bonom 10hopper and transverse ring web to hopper and girder and
where full collars are fined. Also, ~ee Ut'~ Rules and Regu/rltiorujor the Classification OjShlPS Pt 3. Ch 10 Ch 10 and Pt 4, Ch 7,8 .

••
and Pt 'I, Ch 7,8
GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDEUNES FOR BULK CARRIER FIGURE
GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUlDEUNES FOR BULK CARRIER FIGURE
2 STRUCTURAL DETAILS 3
2 STRUCTURAL DETAILS 2
_
,
Bulk Carriers
~-------------------------------
••• ______________ B_U_lk_C_a_r_rie.rs_c_.J_

AREA'
EXAMPLE No. 3:
Hopper lank
Transverse ring web, nat bar stiffener connection
longitudinal on sloping hopper plating, boltom shell and
side shell plaring.
to

•• AREA'
EXAMPLE No. 4:
Hopper tank
Transverse ring web, lripping bracket connecrio:'l to
longitudinal
shell plating.
on hopper sloping plate, bonom shell and side

•
Ul
..
i
I
~
.
j
\
,
S>
Foohef" detail Improvement
{sot! toe and sott heel}

CRlllCAL LOCATIONS
CR1TICAL LOCATIONS ·75 mm
Transverse section through hopper tank
Transverse section through hopper tank T
SectiOnA A

riti'" ~
,~-
I
~

1 >:lI1a
,,~ O,75d

~,-'"
-'-

Note:
Where asymmetrical HT st~llongitudinals are us!d and
double bottom and topside tanks are interconnec[~ a soft
heel detail is rtquired as a minimum improvement at tJle
=• Nor~:
Where asymmetrical HT sleellongirudinals are wed and
double bottom and topside tanks ar~ int~rconnected a

•
soft h~el detail is required as a minimum improvemenl
bonom and sloping plate. at the bottom and sloping plat~.
Where asymmetrical HT steellongirudinals are used, a soft
Wh~r~ HT steellongirudinals are used, a soh heel d~tail
heel detail is required as a minimum improvement at the
I I is required as a minimum improvement at the side ~heU.

"""~- side shell.

"""""..-
NOTES
1. Hed and toe connection of the hopptr tank uans\'me ring web stiffeners to the bottom shell Dl NOTES

••
and side shelllongiNdinals Heel and toe connection of the hopper tank uansverse ring web brackets [0 longirudinals on the
2. Heel and toe conneaion of the hopper lank transverse ring web sriffeners 10 the hop~r hopper sloping plal~, bottom shell and side shell plating.
sloping plate longitudinals. Delail Design Soft he~l or soft toe and soft heel or symmetrical soft t~ with soft backing bracket can ~ used
Detail Design 1. Soh heel or soft loe and soft h~~1 or symmetrical soh I~ with backing brack~t, can bt' used 10 Improvement 10 redu~ peak and range of resultant S1J"ess~sfrom cyclic external hydrodynamic pressures ilnd
lmprovemem reduc~ peak and range of r~sultant messes from cyclic extemal hydrodynamic pr~ssures and
hull girder global loading.
hull gird~r global loading.
2. Soft h~el or soft loe and soft he~l or symmetrical soft 1O~with soft backing brack~l, can be Ensure good alignment betv.'een longirudinal stiffener w~b, transverse ring web tripping bracken

•••
used 10 r~duce peak and rang~ of resultant str~sses from cyclic cargo inenia loads and hull and backing bracket, if fitted. For recommended stiffener and brackel alignmenr, see: Chapler 3,
girder global loading. Fig. 3.2.2.
Ensur~ good alignment be[W~~n longitudinal sriff~ner web, O"ansv~rse ring web sriff~n~r and backing Ensur~ stan and StOp of welding is as far away as practicable from the h«1 and l~. A \.Vl"ap
bracket, if fined. For recomm~nd~d stiffener and brackel alignm~nt, see Chapler 3, Fig. 3.2.2. around weld, free from undercut and notches around lhe h«1 and toe conneclions of bracken.
Ensur~ start and SlOpof w~lding is as far away as practicabl~ from lhe heel and lOe. A wrap Also, see LR's Rule5 and RegulariolU for tilt ClaJsijicorion of ShipJ PI 3, Ch 10.
alound weld, fr~e of undercut or notches around the heel and toe connections of stiffener and
bracket to longirudlllal. Also, s~e LR's Rule5 Qnd Reguranons for The ClttiJijiCQuon of ShipJ Pt 3,
Ch 10.
GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUlDEUNES FOR BULK CARRIER FIGURE
GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR BULK CARRJER HGURE
2 STRUCI1JRAL DETA IS 5
2 STRUCTURAL DETAILS 4
 ______________ B_u_l_k_C_a_r_r_ie_r~s _
_ ~_B_U_lk_c_a_r_ri_e_rs _

AREA'
EXAMPLE No. 5:
Hopper tank
Upper intennediate
lower brackets.
brackets below hold side shell frame
• AREA'
EXAMPLE No. 1:
Hold frames
Connection of side shell frames to hopper and topside tank
plating.

mlg ,; ..
•
III
Transverse section through side shell
FU"tner~'l1

•
1ft
SoJ9gestec
r.101w
•• 2/3r
y.1/2r

•
•• /
s•••• '"
.,
.,"
..••..""
y.5lw
Ymax·80rrrn
II <: 3y

:i,

•
• Mu taper 1:3
..
I'

Rr...orrrnended1:5
when HT steel

."""
"
---
Taoe:' 1;5

Chamfer 1:3

Rr-.gweb Delow"""'-
t'(Jpper
5~

/'
,
I'
"
:;

........"
l'

••••.~
'

Toe connection of side shell frame lower and upper brackets to the hopper and [Qpside
Critical Location CoMection of hopper side upper imennediate brackets below side sheU frame lower brackets. sloping plates.
Detail Design Where me hame lower brackets are not positioned dir~y above a ring web, supponing Detail Design Ensure that a long enough leg length is used to allow adequate tapering down ro the toe end
Improvement brackets are to be provided. In the design ensure that if a hopper tank stiffener is positioned below Improvement of the frame end brackets. This will ensure a smooth change of section, which •••• ill reduce the peak
the end of the frame lower bracket, the stiffener CUt-OOl is avoided or closed with a fuU collar. and range of stresses resulting from side shell differential of pressures and retanve rotation
Increasing me size of supponing brackets will reduce stress concentrations in the critical area. between hopper and topside ranks.
Ensure good alignment between side shell frame lower and upper brack.et and lransverse ring
Ensure good alignment berw~n lower frame bracket and supporting bracket. Maximum
webs or supporting brackets. Maximum mIsalignment is 10 be not greater than (l/3) where t is the
misalignment is to be not greater than (t/3) where t is the thinner of the webs to be aligned and
thinner of the webs to be aligned and rrusahgnmenl is the overhang of the thmner thickness, see
misalignment is the overhang of the thinner thickness, ~ Chapter 3, Fig. 3.2.1. Chapter 3, Fig. 3.2. L
Ensure slan and StOP of welding is as far away as practicable from the unsupported edge corners Use fillet welding with a weld factor of 0,44 and ensure stan and Slop of welding is as far away as
in the supporting brackets. Also, see LR's Rules and Regularioru for the da.ssijicarion of Ships Pt 3, practicable from the toe of the frame brackets. A wrap around weld, free from undercut and
Ch 10. notches. around the toe of the end brackel connections ,0 hopper plaring. Also. see LR's Rules and
Regulatiarufor the Cla.ssijicanon of ShtpJ Pt 3. Ch 10 and Pt 4 C:t 7,6.2.

GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDEUNES FOR BULK CARRJER FIGURE

GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDEUNES FOR BULK CARRIER FIGURE 3 STRUcruRAL DETAILS 7
2 STRUCTURAL DETAILS 6
_

AREk
EXAMPLE No. 1:
~_B_U_lk_c_a_r_ri_e_rs

Topside tanks
Lower imennediate
upper bracket.
brackets above hold side shellliame
_
•
•
______________

AREA'
EXAMPLE No. 2:
Topside tanks
Transverse
B_U_lk_c_a_r_r_ie_rs__

ring weu, flat bar stiffener

longitudinal on side shell plating.
connection to

Reco i.me. lCled:

f~a full collar 81
troe onterseC1()(l
WIth the transverse
mg webS (see GtO'.JP 2.
&ample No. 5)
• 9: g
Id
; ,
I

\
•
161
Transverse section

"""
through topside tank.

••
• riticaJ

locations

I
-j d r
'...

I
TOPSIde

,~~
ring'"
t>&18
A O!'0.75d

maxl5mm\
i
'I
rnin dl2
t > &18
R 0!'2.OC
/A<!:400mm

m." >mm
i

~ Note;
"'" ..... Where higher lensile sleellongirudinals are used on the
side shell within 0,80 and the baseline a soft heel detail is
required as a minimum improvement.

Heel and l~ connection of the topside tank transverse ring web stiffeners to the side shell
Critical Loc:ation Connection of topside lower intermediate brackets above side shell frame upper bracket. longirudinals.
Detail Design Where the frames up~r brackets are not positionw dirKtly below a topside ring web, DtlaLl Design Soft heel or soft loe and soft heel or symmetrical soft toe with soft backing bracket can bt used
Improvement supporting brackets aTC to be provided. In the design ensure that if a longitudinal stiffener in the Improvement to ~UCf: peak and range of resultant messes ftom cyclic external hydrodynamic pressures and
topside tank Is positioned dlre<:tly above the end of the side shell frame upper bracket, the stiffener hull girder globAl loading.
CUl-out is avoided or closed with a full collar. Increasing the size of supporting brackets will reduce Ensure good alignmem between longitudinal stiffener web, IOpside ring web stiffener and backmg
stress concentrations in the critical area. bracket, if fined. For recommended stiffener and bracket alignment. see Chapter 3, Fig. 3.2.2.
Ensure good alignment between side shell frame upper bracket and supponing bracket. MaJtimum Ensure start and SlOpof welding is as far away as practicable from Ihe heel and lot. A wrap
misalignment is to be not greater than Ct/3) where t is the thinner of the webs 10 bt aligned and around weld free from undercut and notches. around the lot and heel connection oi the sliffener
misalignment is me overhang of the thinneS! thickness, see Chapter 3, Fig. 3.2.1. and bracket to longirudinal. Also, see LR's Rules and RtgulaClorujor the Clo.s.sijic<won of Ship$ PI 3.
Ensure Stan and SlOp of welding is as far away as pracricable from Ihe unsupponed edge corners ChlQ 1
in the supponing brackets. Also, ~ LR's Rules and Rtgularioru for the Clcwijication of Ships PI 3,
Ch 10.
GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDEUNES FOR BULK CARRlER FIGURE
GROUP DETAJL DESIGN GlnDElJNES FOR BULK CARRIER FIGURE 4 STRUC11JRAL DETAILS 9
4 STRUClURAL DETAlLS 8
 Bulk Carriers _
_ ~B~U_lk_c_a_rr_i_er~s _ --------------------------------
AREA' Topside tanks
AREA' Topside tanks EXAMPLE No. 4: Transverse ring web, stiffener connection to longitudinals
EXAMPLE No. 3: Transverse ring web, tripping bracket connection to 011 topside lank sloping plating.
longitudinal on side shell plating.

c,~
a} Sott heel detail improvement
Further detal' Improvement
(soft toe anti $Of! heel)

~
r.3Qmrn

I 55~
CRITICAL LOCATIONS

-.,
75 mm

Transverse section through topside tank

Oo<k

1> d/1S
I;> d/18 R2:2,Od
ma.>c15mm R 2: O,75d R 2: 400 tTVn
--l

~;"~:
d:
"""""A A
( 'I ~m"
~n~i
Il"\2.l(Ismm\
--l

~
T."""'"
transverse
"" ~b
I
Note;
NOte:
Where higher tensile steel Jongirudinals are used on the Topside tank sloping p1atong Where higher tensile steellongirudinals are used on the
side shell within a,8D and the baseline a soh heel detail is
side shell within 0,80 and rhe baseline a soh hut detail is
required as a minimum improvement.
required as a minimum improvement.

Heel and toe connection of the topside tallk trallsverse ring web sriffeners to the topside tank
Heel and loe connection of the topside tank transverse ring web tripping brackets 10 lhe side shell sloping plate longilUdinals.
longirudinaJs. Detail Design Soft heel or soft lOe and soft heel or symmetrical soft toe with soh backing bracket can be ~
Detail DeSign Soft heel or soft lOe and soh heel or symmetrical soft we with soft backing brad.et can be used Improvement to reduce peak and range of resultant stresses from cyclic external hydrodynamic pressures and
Improvement 10 reduce peak and range of resuhant stresses from cyclic eXI/!rnal hydrodynamic pressures and hull girder global loading.
hull girder global loading. Ensure good alignment between longitudinal stiffener web, topside ring web sriffener and backing
Emure good alignment ~tw"een longitudinal stiffener web, topSide naosverse ring web bracket bracket, if fined. For recommended stiffener and bracket alignment, see Chapter 3, Fig, 3.2.2.
and backing bracket, if fined. For recommendt:d stiffener and bracket alignmefll, see Chap!er 3, Ensure stan and SlOp of welding is as far away as practicable from the heel and toe. A wrap
Fig. 3.2.2. around weld free from undercut and notches. around the toe and heel coMection of the stiffener
Ensure stan and stop of weldmg is as far away as pracricable from the heel and toe. A wrap and bracket to longitudinal, Also, see LR's Rull!5 and RtgularionJ for chI! CIlWijicarion of Ships Pt 3,
around weld, free from undercut and notches around the toe and heel connection of the Stiffener Ch 10.
and bracket to longitudinal. Also, see Ul.'s RIJltj and Regulatlons for the Classi/icanon of ShIps Pt 3,
Ch 10.
GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDEUNES FOR BULK CARRJER FIGURE
GROUP DETAIl. DESIGN GUIDEUNES FOR BULK CARRIER FIGURE 4 STRUCTURAL DET AlLS 11
4 STRUcruRAL DETAJLS 10
 _______________ B_UI_k_c_a_rr_ie_rs~_

AREA' Deck outside line of openings

AREA' Topside tanks EXAMPLE No. 1: Deck transverses, stiffener conneCllon to longitudinals on
EXAMPLE No. 5: Transverse ring web, tripping bracket connection to upper deck
longirudinals un topside tank 5loping plating.

c:;>
Further detail improvement
(soft toe and soft heeoI}

§,g I
CRITICAL I.OCATlONS

Transverse section through deck

Critical
10Cllti0n5

"l-,~
• I

'/
R2:0,75c1
I

,,~
t > dl18

Note: Note:
Where higher tensile steellongitudinals are us~ on the These detail improvements to be used only if it is
side sheU within 0,80 and the baseline a soft heel detail is required following a Level twO or Level three Assessment.
rt:quired as a minimum improvement.

1. CutoO\1tson me [JansvelSe ring web for deck longirudinals.

H~I and toe connection of the topside tank n-ansverse ring web tripping brackets la the topside 2. Heel and t~ connection of me lopside tank rransvem ring web stiffeners to the upper deck
tank sloping plate longiwdinals. longhudinals.
Oetail Design Soft heel or soft toe and soft heel or symmemcal soft roe with soft backing bracket can be used Detail Of:sign 1. Lugs can be added to r«luce stress concentration in the ring web CUI-oUtS.
Improvement to reduct peak and range of resultant stresses from cyclic external hydrodynamic pressures and Improvement 2. Soft Ice and soft h~1 can be used to redu~ peak and range of resultant stresses for cyclIC
hull girder global loading. hull girder global loading.
Ensure good alignment between longitudinal stiffener web, lopside transverse ring web bracket Building Tolerances Ensure good alignment between longitlJdinal stiffener and topside traJlS'Versering web stiffener.
and backing bracket, if fitted. For rKommended stiffener and brackel alignment, ~ Chapler 3, Welding Requirements Ensure stan and Stop of ••••'1!lding is as far away as praetic.ilbly possible from the heel and toe. A
Fig. 3.2.2. wrap around weld, free from undercut and rIOIches, around the toe and heel connKtions of the
Ensure Sla" and stOp of welding is as far away as practicable from Ihe heel and I~. A wrap stiffener!O the longitudinal. For recommended stiffener and bracket alignment see Chapter 3, Fig.
around weld, free from undercut and notches around the loe and hul connection of the stiffener
and bucket 10 10ngilUdinal. AJso, see LR's Rules and Regulations for the Classification of ShIps Pt 3,
,
3.2.2. Also, see LR's Rules and Regulanoru fOr/he ClassijiCJ:lrionof Shipl Pt 3. Ch 10.

Ch 10.
GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR BULK CARRIER FIGURE
DETAIL DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR BULK CARRIER FIGURE 5 STRUCTURAL DETAILS .3
GROUP
STRUcruRAL DETAILS 12
4
_~B_U_lk_c_a_r_r_ie_rs

AREA,
EXAMPLE No. 2;
Deck outSide line of opening
Deck transverses,
longitudinals
rripping brackel
on upper deck.
connection 10
_
•• -----------------------------
AREA'
EXAMPLE No. 1:
Deck between hatches
Hatch corners and hatch end beam connecriofl
tank uansverse ring web.
[0 [Opside
-
III

•
ID
Plan view of deck
TransverM
nng weo •...••.
1

Transverse section through

A--,
topside tank •
Ilt
•• Tr~

-~-------
I'Ialch
(end)

••
Note: ~
Where higher tensile sreellongirudinals
side shell within 0,80 and the baseline
required as a minimum improvement.
are used on the
a soh htel detail is
•
•
Note:
Any welding or finings such as chafing bar and shedder
plates should be kepI clear of tht deck plating in way of
hatch corners and tht corner free edge is to be ground
smooth.

RI
•
1. Deck plating in way of the hatch corners.
Heel and toe cormecrion of the topside tank transverse ring web tripping brackets 10 the deck
2. Connection of halch end beam 10 topside lank ring web.
longirudinals. 1. Use insen plales of enhanced steel grade and thickness. A radiused corner is to be provided to
Detail Design
Delail Design Soft heel or soft tOf: and soft heel or symmetrical soft toe with soft backing bracket can bf: used reduce mess concemranon, see Figure above. Ensure gradual transition to thinner plating as
Improvement
Improvemem [0 reduce ptak and range of resullanl stresses from cyclic external hydrodynamic pre1Sures and far as practicably possible. Anention is drawn to l.R's Rules Pt 'I, Ch 7,4.
hull girder global loading. 2. Ensure that hatch end beam is in line with a topside transverse ring web.
Ensure good alignment between longitudinal stiffener web, topside rransverse ring web bracket Ensure good alignment berween halch end beam and supporr in the lopside lank. Maximum

•
and backing bracket, if fitted. For recommended stiffentr and bracket alignmem, see Chapler 3, misalignmem is to be not greater than (1/3) where t is the minner of me webs to be aligned and
Fig. 3.2.2. misalignmenl is the overhang of the thinner thickness, see: Chapter 3, Fig. 3.2.1.
Ensure stan and Stop of welding is as far away as practicable from the heel and loe. A wrap Ensure Slan and SlOp of welding is as far away as pracricably possible from the loes of brackets or
around weld, free from underCUI and notches around the toe and heel connection of the Sliffener comers. A wrap around weld, free from undercut or notches, around the toe connection of the

••
and bracket 10 longitudinal. Also, see l.R's Rules and RegulariolU for the Classijicarion of ShIps Pt 3, bracket 10 upper deck. Also, see LR's Rules ond Regulations for Ihe Clewijicalion of Ships PI 3.
Ch 10. Ch 10.

GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUlDEUNES FOR BULK CARRIER FlGURE

GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR BULK CARRIER FIGURE 1S
6 STRUCTURAL DETAlLS
S STRUCTURAL DETAILS 14
 - AREA,
EXAMPLE No. 2:
--------------------------------
Deck between hatches
Hatch (oarning longitudinal end brackets.
______________

AREA'
EXAMPLE No. 1:
Transverse bulkheads
-=B.=U::.:lk.:....::c.=a ••r.r.ie-

Connections of bottom and Inner bottom longitudinals

below lower SIOOI.
rs._
..

aj OelliiJ improvement
B •••..
-j Hallast

•••
0.7 H Hold

_I~
•
••
Lorlgitudinal
CRITICAL LOCATIONS
section

1.5<1 ,'}id

'"]-
Bottom sne'J

•
bl Further detail Improvement
C •••.•
A. 500 rrm Fu~ colar$ A sng'e plate eat'l!:le used
O"lCOI'POI'atng ntegal brackets
WTIoor_d

•
Ilhe later,,! stabiity 01 the plate 1$
Fur CO/IlIrs to be g.-ven $pt01l consoderatlOn)
1.Od-1 _

•
Symmelrical soflloe and ,oft backing bracket improvement
Stitleoer __ Aoor
0' plate

~~~---
Longitudinal section AA

•
I:> dl18
Hatch <::oemrog

Crtticalloc.tIon
Soft toe detail 0
Chamfer 1:3

7~
V~O

';"~~==f
ma>c 15~"
~ :> Q'18
Ri!' 1.Sd

/
R 21.Od
R2<loomm
me> lSmm

1
L~
I~
15·251T\1'll III

•
Note:
Note:
Any piping holes are to be avoided in the end brackel as
far as possible and, if any, suitable reinforcement is to be Where asyrnmeuical higher tensile sl~llongirudinals are
provided. used, backing brackets are r~uired as a minimum
improvement.

III

••
Critical Location Toe connection of longitudinal hatch roaming end bracket to the de<:k plating. Connections of fl~r venical sriffeners 10the bottom and inner bottom longirudinals below lower
sl.~1 and connecuons of lower stool 10the .inner bouom plait:.
[)tail Design
Improvement
Extend the longitudinal hatch roaming to approx O,7Hc to provide an integral end bracket with
soft toe for smooth transition of suesses from the deck. A symmetrical face flange can be used, see
Detail Design
Improvanem
:;~ng of ~ft brackeu will reduce peak and range of stresses in the vicinity near the connections
boI oor stiff:nen to the bottom and ilUltr bottom longlrudinab and the connections of sfOOlto inner
above improvement (b) wim soft tot detail.
tom .plate. Although the above Jmprovemcnl5 Irt intended for balJll$t holds, in some cases
Ensure good alignment be:rweeOl hatch roaming end bracket and supporting strucrure. Maximum
v.:atert'~ht bulkheads may require similar imprO~'ements if ~ Level [Wo or a Level three Assessment
misalignment is to be not gTeater than Cv3) where t is the thinner of the webs to be aligned and dictates It.

•••
misalignment Is the overhang of the thinner thickness, ~ Chapter 3, Fig. 3.2.2. Ensure good alignment be[W~n bracketS and stiffener webs. Maximum mis~lignment is to be nor
Use full peneuation welding for a distance of O,ISHc from the bracket toe end ensuring Slan and gre:uer ~an (l/~) where f is rhe thinner of the webs to be ~ligned and misahgnment IS the overhang
StOP of welding i5 as far away.llS practicable from rhe toes of brackets or corners. A wrap around of the mmner U11ckness,see Chapter 3, Figs. 3.2.1 and 3.2.2.
weld free from undercut or nOtches, around the toe connection of the bracket to the deck plating. U~ fil1~t w~lding with I weld faclor of 0,44 between inner lx>ftom and noon. Ensure Start and stOP
Also, see lR's Rules and RegulatioTIJ for rlit Classification of Ships Pt 3, Ch 10 and Ch 11,5. o;weldmg ISas far away as practicable from the toes ofbrackel$ or comers . .4.wrap around weld frl~e
~ u~der~ut and notches, around the lot mnnC'ctions of the stiffeners and backing brackets 10 .
ongrtudmaL Also, see LR's Rult5 tUldRegtJlano/1,j for Ihe Classijicano'l of Shlp5 Pr 3, Ch 10.

••
GROUP
GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDEUNES FOR BULK CARRJER FIGURE DETAJL DESIGN GUIDEUNES FOR BULK CARRIER FrGURF.
7 STRUCllIRAL DETAILS
6 STRUCTURAL DETAlLS 16 17
_ Bulk Carriers ______________ B_U_I_k_C_a_r_r_ie_rs
__
-----------------------------
AREA: Transverse bulkheads (Deep lank) AREk Transverse bulkheads
EXAMPLE No. 3: Connections in way of lower stool shelf plate.
EXAMPLE No. 2: Connections of lower 5[00110 inner bottom in way of
double bottom gIrders.

lmprove~nt
ClOSV.g
Thos aVOlCl5

o
at snedder plates
-1 ~-'B",,,;rr;;,,,,,,,, --1[-' ~ .1
Hold I ~/r" :

~
-
""""'-
I q* I

."..
5rwdoer

I
\ '-.../ ---.
Fun penetration ~
'-"

o !Longotl.Onal Lowetstool Lower 51001

? g~clel ~ ,"-,,--, -lJ.

..•... """
Section AA
SlopInv stool plate Improvement
~ i /1 i")
Inner ; I I I : R!tlg~ \
bon I .••••
CnticallocatlOl'lS", ;.....we:. I I
o;m~/I: ,~~

,,
)
iO---:
, , LOI'Ilillt..,cina1
lil"'oer \ Note: Note:
" -,
,I-~ Simllar improvements may be requir~
watertight bulkheads.
for tranMr~ Similar improvements may be required for rransverse
watfftight bulkheads.

Critical Location 1. Connections of lower slool shelf plate 10 lower slooI and corrugat~ transverse bulkheads.
Connections of slools to the inner bonom plating in way of double bonom girders.
Delail Dtsign 1. Avoiding the use of scallops on floors and lower stool ring webs near the imel'Section with 2. Connections of shedder plates to corrugated transvene bulkhead.
Improvemem the inner bonom, will reduce peak and range of stresses in the vicini£)'. Special consideration Detail Design 1. Diaphragms are to be fined to the shell plate in line with the lace of the corrugation, to redutt
is to be given in order ro minimist the number and size of manholes near the stool connections. Improvement the mess concentrations at the corrugation corners. This is achieved by the diaphragm plates
2. Avoiding the use of scallops and fittlllg of lugs in stiffener CUt-outs on floors in line with stool as they provide a flexible base connection lor the shtdder plates. The minimum height
plates will reduce peak and range of scresses in the vicinity. Provision of access openings in of the diaphragm plate to be taken as hall the corrugated bulkhead flange width.
floors is 10 be avoided in the vicinity of double bonom girders. Panicular attemion is [0 be 2. To reduce scress concencrations at the aossing of the flat sh~er plales the design can be
given to the design and posilionl1lg of bilge wells and suction intakes on me inner bonom plate. modified by moving one shedder plate higher than the other (see lunher improvement).
Ensure good alignment berwten double bottom girders and lower Stool webs and between floors Ensure good alignmem between lower slool sloping plales and corrugation faces as far as possible,
and stool plates as far as possible, see Chapler 3, Fig. 3.2.1. see Chapter 3, Fig. 3.2.1.
For ballast hold side, use full penetration welding between inner bottom and Stool plates and near Use full penetration welding at the connections of the bulkhead corrugations, diaphragm and the
the corner intersections of primary members, floor plates, girders alld lower stool webs (see Figure stool sloping plates to the lower stool shelf plate (recommended to be olgrade Z sreel). Ensure
above). For dry cargo hold side, use fillet weldmg with a weld faCtor of 0,44 betWeen inner start and stOp of welding is as lar away as praCticable horn the corners ofrhe corrugations. Also,
bonom and stool platts. Ensure Slan and SlOp of welding is as far away as practicable from the see LR'sRultJ and Rtgu!ariolUjor rht Clcwificarion ofShipj PT. 3, Ch 10.
corners. Also, see lR's Rults arrd Rtgulario1l$for tht Clcusificarion of Ships Pt 3, Ch 10.
GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDEUNES FOR BULK CARRIER FIGURE
GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDEUNES FOR BULK CARRIER FIGURE 19
7 STRUCTURAL DETAILS
7 STRUCfURAL DETAILS 18
 ,.
:' Oe<;k

l' Walertq'l """soon 01 nog wet>

/; ,n "ne Wl\nIla~
boI<.hea::l
'b' ot me
COtT\J9<I\lons
: Up",
15100
)

Transverse section in way of transverse bulkhead

"",\
I\J \
Watenoghl

""""" I
I ,
J
Topside trt

\i ,
Upper
stOOl

,I:
,

j~
,,'"
,",'
"'"

Critical Location ConneCtions of corrugated transverse bulkhead to the topside lank slopmg plating and upper stool.
Detail DeSign Diaphragm plates between corrugations can be used to increase altachment area of the
lmprovemt'nt uansverse bulkhead thus reducing peak stresses. Funher, a transverse web is to Ix- provided in thc-
lOpside tauk in line with the face of thc- bulkhead conugations to ensure that the lo.lds are
effectively diSSipated.
Ensure good alignment berwec-n transverse web and the flange of conugatlons MaXImum
misalignment ISto be not greater than (1/3) where t is the thinnc-r of the plates to be alIgned and
misalignment ISthe overhang of (he thinner thickness, see Chapter 3, Fig. 3.2.1.
lise fillet weld 109 wirh a weld facror of 0,44 for connections of transverse bulkhc-ad 10 topSide tank
and upper slool shelf plating'. Ensure 51afTand SlOp of welding IS as far awa~' as practicable from
the cmical corners. Also, see LR's Rult5 and Regulolion5 jor the Cla.nlficarran oj 911p~ Pt 3,
Ch 10.

GROUP DETAIL DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR BULK CARRIER FIGURE

7 STRUCfURAL DETAIl.S 20