Math10 2021 - 2022
Math10 2021 - 2022
Surigao City
Concept Note:
The Greek mathematician Pythagoras who lived during the sixth century BC was the founder of the Pythagorean
brotherhood. The group studied numbers of geometric arrangements of points, such as triangular numbers, square
numbers, and pentagonal numbers. The following illustrates the first few of each of these types of numbers.
Triangular Numbers
Square Numbers
Pentagonal Numbers
A sequence is a list of things (usually numbers) that are in order. Each number in the sequence is called a term.
Example: 3, 5, 7, 9, …
When the sequence goes on forever it is called an infinite sequence, otherwise it is a finite sequence.
Example: ( 1, 2, 3, 4,…) is a very simple sequence (and it is an Infinite sequence)
(1, 3, 5, 7) is the sequence of the first 4 odd numbers (and is a finite sequence)
Learning Activity:
The ordered list of numbers, such as
1, 3, 6, 15,…
1, 4, 9, 16, 25, …
are called sequences of numbers. A sequence may be generated from shapes, patterns, or rulers. The number of
dots generated the sequences of the figurate numbers. Each number in sequence is called a term. Each term is identified
by its position in the ordered list.
Assessment Activity 1: What’s next?
Each item below shows a pattern. Answer the given questions.
1. What is the next number?
What is the 10th number?
0, 4, 8, 12, 16, ___
2. What is the next number?
What is the 8th number?
9, 4, -1, -6, -11, ___
3. What is the next number?
What is the 12th number?
1, 3, 9, 27, 81, ___
4. What is the next number?
What is the 7th number?
160, 80, 40, 20, 10, ___
5. What is the next number in the above sequence?
What is the 14th number?
1, 3, 7, 15, 31, ____
Assessment Activity 2: Complete the Frayer’s Model
Definition Facts/Characteristics
Concept Note:
Arithmetic sequence(Arithmetic Progression) the difference between one term and the next is a constant. In
other words, we just add the same value each time … infinitely.
Example: 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, …
This sequence has a difference of 3 between each number (called the common difference). The pattern is continued by
adding 3 to the last number each time.
The terms between any two nonconsecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence are known as arithmetic means.
A Series is the sum of all the terms in a sequence.
Summing or adding the terms of an Arithmetic sequence creates what is called a series.
Learning Activity:
Finding the next term.
Formula for the nth term and Finding the nth Term of a Sequence
Example:
n n [ 2 a1 + ( n−1 ) d ]
Sn= ( a1 +a n ) or Sn=
2 2
Example:
What is 1+2+3+…+50+51+…+98+99+100?
n n [ 2 a1 + ( n−1 ) d ]
Sn= ( a1 +a n ) or Sn=
2 2
100 100 [ 2 (1 ) + ( 100−1 ) 1 ]
Sn= (1+100 ) Sn=
2 2
100 [ 2+ ( 99 ) 1 ]
Sn=50 ( 101 ) Sn=
2
100 [ 2+ 99 ]
Sn=5050 Sn=
2
100 [ 101 ]
Sn =
2
10100
Sn=
2
Sn=5050
Concept Note:
The terms in a geometric sequence with negative r will oscillate between positive and negative.
The nth term an of the sequence is an = a1 r n - 1, where a1 is the first term, r is the common ration, and n is the number of
terms.
Learning Activity:
1
substitute a1 = 80,r¿− , and n = 11 for the formula for an.
2
a n = a1 r n - 1
−1 11 - 1
an = 80 ( ¿
2
−1 10
an = 80 ( ¿
2
1
an = 80 ( ¿
1,024
80
an =
1,024
10
an =
128
Example: Find the next term in the arithmetic sequence 7, 15, 23, 31,?
First, find the common difference of each pair of consecutive numbers.
15−7 = 815−7=8
23−15 = 823−15=8
31−23 = 831−23=8
PERFORMANCE ACTIVITY
(Multi-Intelligences)
Performance Activity on Sequence and Series using the Multiple Intelligences Theory:
Linguistics:
Make a poem or a composition describing or illustrating the importance of sequence and series in solving real life situations.
Logical Mathematical:
Formulate a real-life problem/scenario in our your community involving sequence and series solve it using the various methods
Spatial:
Make/create a Math Cartoon or a Math Comics portraying the real life application and uses of sequence and series.
Musical:
Compose an original song or a jingle describing the uses and importance of sequence and series in solving real-life problem in your
home or Community
Bodily- Kinesthetic:
Browse on internet an action song about the concept of sequence and series, and then make a dance or choreograph a presentation that
interprets the song you’ve browsed.
Interpersonal:
Compose Create a Tutorial video which discussing on how to solve Real- life problems involving sequence and series using the
various methods. Upload your output in any social media platform you liked.
Intrapersonal:
Choose a certain articles about how the concept sequence and series being used in different sector such as business, education
science and technology etc. and reflect on it. How does it help you in your future job, business or studies?
Naturalist:
Make a report on how to solve minimizes the impact of certain environmental and ecological problem or pollution using the concept
of sequence and series.
DIOCESE OF SURIGAO
Surigao City
Concept Note:
The geometric mean, sometimes referred to as compounded annual growth rate or time-weighted rate
of return, is the average rate of return of a set of values calculated using the products of the terms. What does
that mean? Geometric mean takes several values and multiplies them together and sets them to the
1/nth power.
Learning Activity:
Learning Activity:
1.
2.
DIOCESE OF SURIGAO
Surigao City
Concept Note:
Polynomial are sums (and differences) of polynomial “terms”. For an expression to be a polynomial term, any
variables is the expression must have whole number powers (or else the “understood” power of 1, as in x 1, which is
normally written as x). A plain number can also be a polynomial term. In particular, for an expression to be a polynomial
term, it must contain no square roots of variables, no fractional or negative powers on the variables, and no variables in
the denominators of any fractions
Long Division is the process of repetitive steps and in dividing polynomials the laws of exponents and the
distributive property are also applied.
Synthetic division is a shortcut method for dividing two polynomials which can be used in place of the standard
long division algorithm. This method reduces the dividend and divisor polynomials into a set of numeric values. After
these values are processed, the resulting set of numeric outputs is used to construct the polynomial quotient and the
polynomial remainder. Write the 0 coefficient for the missing term in the dividend.
Learning Activity:
PERFORMANCE ACTIVITY
Linguistics:
Make a poem or a composition describing or illustrating the importance of Polynomial Function in solving real life situations.
Logical Mathematical:
Formulate a real-life problem/scenario in our your community involving Polynomial Function solve it using the various
methods
Spatial:
Make/create a Math Cartoon or a Math Comics portraying the real life application and uses of Polynomial Function.
Musical:
Compose an original song or a jingle describing the uses and importance of Polynomial Function in solving real-life problem
in your home or Community
Bodily- Kinesthetic:
Browse on internet an action song about the concept of Polynomial Function, and then make a dance or choreograph a
presentation that interprets the song you’ve browsed.
Interpersonal:
Compose Create a Tutorial video which discussing on how to solve Real- life problems involving Polynomial Function using
the various methods. Upload your output in any social media platform you liked.
Intrapersonal:
Choose a certain articles about how the concept Polynomial Function being used in different sector such as business,
education science and technology etc. and reflect on it. How does it help you in your future job, business or studies?
Naturalist:
Make a report on how to solve minimizes the impact of certain environmental and ecological problem or pollution using the
concept of Polynomial Function.
DIOCESE OF SURIGAO
Surigao City
Concept Note:
Factoring an expression means finding all the prime factors of the given product. If the only factors of the
polynomial are the polynomial itself and 1, then the polynomial is said to be prime.
Factoring polynomials is involving polynomials, polynomial equations, and polynomial function require this skills. That
polynomial functions can be linear, quadratic or cubic expressions.
Learning Activity:
Example:
1. Factor: -6x5 – 15x4 + 9x3
Solution: -6x 5 -15x4 + 9x3 = 3x3 (-2x2 – 5x + 3)
= -3x 3 (2x2 + 5x – 3)
= -3x 3 (2x – 1) (x + 3)
2. The polynomial 2x4 – 21x2 + 27 can be transformed into a quadratic trinomial by letting u = x2. The
resulting trinomial is factorable.
Solution: 2x4 – 21x2 + 27 = 2u2 – 21u + 27
= (2u – 3) (u – 9)
Since u = x2,
2x4 – 21x2 + 27 = (2u – 3) (u – 9)
= (2x 2 – 3) (x2 – 9)
But x2 – 9 can be still be factored into (x +3) (x – 3)
= (2x 2 – 3) (x + 3) (x – 3)
Assessment Activity 1: Is it a factor?
The side of your square lot is (5x – 3) meters. How many meters of fencing materials are needed to enclose your square
lot? If one square meter of the lot costs Php 15,000.00, what is the cost of the square lot?
DIOCESE OF SURIGAO
Surigao City
Concept Note:
Polynomial equation – an equation involving polynomial expression.
A polynomial equation of degree n in one variable x is an equation that can be written in the form
anxn + an-1xn-1 + an-2xn-2 +...+a2x2 + a1x + a0 = 0 , where an,an-1,an-2,...a0 are real numbers.
The degree of the polynomial equation is determined by the highest exponent of the variable. For instance, the
polynomial equation 5x6 – 3x4 + 2x2 -1 =0 is of the 6 th degree and the polynomial equation -7x 5 +3x4 + 4x3 – 2x2 –x + 3 = 0
is of the 5th degree. A value of the variable which satisfies a polynomial equation is called a root of the equation.
Learning Activity:
Example of the polynomial equations are the following.
X+2=0 (linear equation)
3x2 – x + 7 = 0 (quadratic equation)
-2x3 –x2 + 1 = 0 (cubic equation)
Find all the possible rational zeros of f ( x )=2 x 3+ 3 x 2−8 x +3
According to the rational zero theorem, any rational zero must have a factor of 3 in the numerator and a factor of 2 in
the denominator.
p :factors of 3=± 1 ,± 3
q : factors of 2=±1 , ±2
p 1 3
The possibilities of , in simplest form are, ± 1, ± ,± 3 , ±
q 2 2
These values can be tested by using direct substitution or using synthetic division and finding the remainder. Synthetic
division is the better method because if a zero is found, the polynomial can be written in factored form, and if possible,
can be factored further, using more traditional methods.
p 2 3 -8 3
q
1 2 5 -3 0 Is a zero
-1 2 1 -9 2
1 2 4 -6 0 Is a zero
2
−1 2 2 -9 15
2 2
3 2 9 19 60
-3 2 -3 1 0 Is a zero
3 2 6 1 9
2 2
−3 2 0 -8 15
1
Therefore, the zeros of f ( x )=2 x 3+ 3 x 2−8 x +3 are 1, , and −3 .
2
PERFORMANCE TASK
Goal To be able to create a manpower plan through appropriate and accurate representations.
Role Foreman
Audience Family, relatives, and neighbors
Situation A newly-wed couple plans to construct a house. The couple has already a house plan made by their engineer friend.
As a foreman of the project, you are tasked to prepare a manpower plan to be presented to the couple.
Performance Create your own manpower plan that includes the number of workers needed to complete the project, their daily
wage, the duration of the project, and the budget. Write it in a 1 whole long bond paper.
Standard The manpower plan will be evaluated based on reasoning, accuracy, practicality, and efficiency.
Final score