Name:____________________________ Date: ________________________

Grade/Section: _____________________ Score: ________________________

Inquiries, Investigations and Immersion

Fourth Quarter, Week 6

WRITING AND PRESENTING CLEAR REPORTS

Key Concepts

A research report is a well-crafted document that outlines the

”
processes, data, and findings of a systematic investigation. It is an
important document that serves as a first-hand account of the research
process, and it is typically considered as an objective and accurate
source of information.

. In many ways, a research report can be considered as a

summary of the research process that clearly highlights findings,
recommendations, and other important details.

YOUR TARGETS

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Forms logical conclusions, makes recommendations based on conclusions

and writes clear report.

At the end of this self-learning module students are expected to learn the following:

a. familiarize with the formatting procedures in writing research report

b. write clear research report based on the example presented

LET’S TRY THIS

Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before each
number.
_____1. _________________ is a content of the research report that focuses
on explaining the reason of the conduct of the study.
A. Introduction C. Methodology
B. Review of Related Literature D. Results and Discussion

_____2. A part of the research report that holds the findings of the study and
the discussion of each findings.
A. Introduction C. Methodology
B. Review of Related Literature D. Results and Discussion
 ____3. Which among the parts of your research report focuses on presenting
relevant information regarding the research topic?
A. Introduction C. Conclusion
B. Review of Related Literature D. Recommendations

____4. From the given choices below, which consideration in making research
reports focuses on securing the correct in-text citation?
A. Researcher must decide on what are the sections that must be included in
your report.
B. Researcher must write your report clearly and concisely.
C. References should be carefully and accurately cited.
D. Report should be edited by several times.

____5. Which of the following considerations in making research reports

discusses the importance of proof-reading?
A. Researcher must decide on what are the sections that must be included in
your report.
B. Researcher must write your report clearly and concisely.
C. References should be carefully and accurately cited.
D. Report should be edited by several times.

LET’S EXPLORE & DISCOVER

A research paper is different from a research proposal (also known as a

prospectus), although the writing process is similar. Research papers are intended to
demonstrate a student’s academic knowledge of a subject. A proposal is a persuasive
piece meant to convince its audience of the value of a research project. Think of the
proposal as the pitch and the paper as the finished product.

LET’S DEEPEN

WRITING AND PRESENTING CLEAR REPORTS

After accomplishing all of the contents of your research paper, the next thing
that you must do is to prepare and write a research report. Accordingly, research
reports are defined as written documents that discusses a certain issue or topic. It is
a document which holds all the information about a research study from its introduction
down to the recommendations.
In making your report, you must take the following considerations:

1. You must decide on what are the sections that must be included in your report. Take
note to include the findings and discussion of your study. You should also include the
introduction, methodology, conclusion and recommendations of your study.

2. You must write your report clearly and concisely. Main idea should be highlighted
and is supported by statements for elaboration and explanation. Commonly, research
reports are written in past tense form. Words used should be understandable by all of
the possible readers, thus, jargon terms must be avoided.

3. References should be carefully and accurately cited. Citing your references is a

must. Paraphrasing is also needed to avoid plagiarism.

4. Report should be edited by several times. Checking and proofreading is a must to

secure that all entries and information stated on the report holds credibility and
transparency.

When writing a research report, you must take note that it should be in a
straightforward manner. A research report is composed of five (5) integral parts,
namely: The Introduction, Review of Related Literature, Methodology, Results and
Discussion and Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations. The specifications of
the parts are explained below:

a. Introduction

Your introduction must contain the explanation regarding the reason of the
conduct of the study. It must also have the research framework, statement of the
problem and objectives, significance of the study, and scope and limitations.

b. Review of Related Literature

This chapter focuses on presenting relevant information regarding the topic.

Citing the references appropriately is a must in this section.

c. Methodology

Information found in a research methodology is commonly the research design,

research respondents, setting, the research methods and the analysis procedure.

d. Results and Discussion

This chapter holds the findings of the study and the discussion for each finding.
Results of the study must be written clearly and objectively. There are a lot of ways
that can be used in presenting results, some of which are by the use of tables, graphs
and figures. These data should then be discussed.

e. Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

Commonly, the summary of the research paper gives brief information about
the research problems, methodology and findings. The conclusion, on the other hand,
gives provides direct answers to the research problems. Recommendations prioritizes
the suggestions that can lead to the improvement of the study.
 The following sample format can help you in developing your research paper.
The discussion for each component is described in the contents of this module.

RESEARCH TITLE

STUDENT’S NAME (FIRST NAME, MIDDLE NAME, LAST NAME)

Sample Lay-out for the Cover page

RESEARCH PAPER SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE

DEPARTMENT OF ______________, ______________________

SCHOOL-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENTS

OF THE SUBJECT

INQUIRIES, INVESTIGATION AND IMMERSION

(MONTH AND YEAR OF COMPLETION)

 Title

Table of Contents

Abstract

Chapter I. Introduction

a. Background of the Study

b. Statement of the Problem

c. Objectives of the Study

d. Significance of the Study

e. Scope and Limitations of the Study

Chapter 2. Review of Related Literature

a. Overview/Introduction of the Review of Related Literature

b. Body
c. Conclusion

Chapter 3. Methodology

Chapter 4. Results and Discussion

Chapter 5. Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations

References

Appendices

Checklist

Now you are going to write your research paper, go over this checklist to ensure that
it is ready to turn in.
 Does your paper fulfill all of the requirements that the assignment asked for?
 Did you stick to a topic that fits the assignment?
 Are your sources credible, reliable, and logical?
 Do you have a clear, arguable thesis statement?
 Is your paper organized in a logical way that is easy to understand?
 Did you plagiarize?
 Did you proofread for content and grammar improvements and errors?
 Is your paper properly formatted?
  Are you prepared to submit correctly?

LET’S PRACTICE

Activity 1.
Do the following based on your research:

Direction: Prepare this output following the describe format to be pass next week.
You may use the following examples:
Approval Page
This page provides space for the signatures of the Research Advisory
Committee, Chairman in the Field, Panel of Oral Examiners, and the School Head and
others indicating their acceptance of the work.
APPROVAL SHEET

This research entitled GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCE OF TOMATO AS

AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN, prepared and submitted by
Amverlyn S. Artocilla, has been successfully presented and recommended for approval by the
Advisory Committee in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject Inquiries,
Investigation and Immersion.
ADVISORY COMMITTEE

VICTOR M. ARAGON DENMARK L. DE MESA

Chairman Adviser

___________________ _____________________
Date Date

JERYNICK D. GURO ART ROJELL BALLERAS

Statistician, Member English Critic, Member

___________________ ______________________
Date Date

Approved and accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject
Inquiries, Investigation and Immersion.

CESAR G. CASTILLO
School Principal IV

_______________________________
Date
Abstract
The abstract should be a brief descriptive summary of the research. It should
include a brief statement of the subject of your study. The citations, however, are not
included.
Dedication
This portion contains the list of entities/persons to which the thesis is
dedicated.
Acknowledgement
This includes a brief paragraph acknowledging the contribution of committee
members and others who helped the student complete the research. The
acknowledgement should be expressed simply and tactfully, like a professional note.
Table of Contents
In a research, the table of contents introduces the reader to your text, indicating
its contents, organization and progression.

List of Tables, List of Figures and List of Appendices

These sections contain the list of tables/figures/appendices arranged as they
appear on the body of the text. The presentation of data in tabular and figure form is
shown in Attachment.

Activity 2.
Directions: Prepare the following Document. Follow the given formatting. Submit the
reports the following week.

BACK MATTER
LITERATURE CITED

Literature Cited is the last part of a scientific paper that is arranged in

alphabetical order. It includes all acquisitions in a library, published materials as
journals, books and often “unpublished” undergraduate and graduate theses.
Regardless of style all documents are classified as either books or periodical
articles (journals, serial, etc.) which differ in the manner of listing. The inclusion of the
publisher and place of publication distinguish books and non-book materials listed in
book style. The volume and pages accompany journal articles. The number of the
journal issue is seldom indicated but essential where each issue begins with page 1.
This is mandatory in case of bulletins, circulars, and similar publications of series.
 The CBE (1972) has recommended a simple and useful style eliminating
italicization and quotation and complete with titles and pages of articles. Following are
examples of the style for books and periodical articles.
APPENDIX
The appendixes are labeled in the order of their appearance in the body of your
report. Those first mentioned in the body naturally come first. They may all be grouped
together into a separate section.
The appendixes may be subdivided according to certain logical classifications.
List each appendix by letter and title in the table of contents. Type the heading
Appendices centered without punctuation.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
This section contains the autobiography of the researcher written in narrative
form.
TYPING INSTRUCTIONS
1. All text should be typed using size (twelve) 12 font and either Courier New, Bookman
Old Style or Times New Roman. If a typewriter will be used, it should be in pica
letters. The abstract, acknowledgement, dedication, the main body of the text and
biographical sketch should be typewritten in double space.
2. Use a size 8.5 by 11 inches (Letter) bond paper.
3. The following margins should be used:
3.1. Top, Right and bottom - 1 inch
3.2. Left - 1.5 inches
3.3. All indention’s consist of four (4) characters i.e. type on the fifth character.

4. The page number

4.1. Preliminary pages are paginated separately from the rest of the text. The
page numbers should be in lower case Roman numerals placed at the bottom-
center of the page with a ½ inch margin. However, it should not appear on the
Title Page and Approval Sheet although they are included in the paging.

4.2. For the rest of the paper, the page numbers should be in Hindu Arabic
numerals placed at the upper right hand corner of the page with a ½ inch top
margin and 1 inch right margin. It should appear on all pages except the
following:

4.2.1. Start of the chapter

4.2.2. Start of the page for literature cited

4.3. The font style and size should be consistent with the text for preliminary
and text paging.
5. For the Title Page, no underlining, boldface or Italics is allowed except names of
species and genera. Chemical symbols and abbreviations in the title should not be
used. The title should not exceed 105 characters. The typeface and size must be
consistent with the text. For additional specifications, refer to Attachment 1.

6. For the Approval Sheet, refer to Attachment 2.

7. The word abstract should be typewritten in capital letters, boldface and center
justified. No underlining, boldface or Italics is allowed except names of species or
genera. It should not exceed one page.

8. The word acknowledgement should be typewritten in capital letters, boldface and

center justified. No underlining, boldface or Italics is allowed. It should not exceed
two pages.

9. The word dedication should be typewritten in capital letters, boldface and center
justified. No underlining, boldface or Italics is allowed. It should not exceed 15 words
and is typewritten center justified.

10. The title Table of Contents should be typewritten in capital letters, boldface and
center justified. No underlining, boldface or Italics is allowed except names of
species or genera. Entries must be consistent in both style and substance with the
headings as they appear in the text (wording, capitalization and style of numerals).
Topics that may consume more than one line should be typewritten in single space
while the space between two topics should be double. If the length of the table of
contents runs to several pages, do not type “Continued” at the bottom of the page.

11. In typing the List of Tables, List of Figures and List of Appendixes, follow the rule
that applies to Table of Contents.

12. The main body of the text

12.1. Type the chapter number on the first line of the page in title case, boldface
and center justified.
12.2. Type the chapter title on the second line of the page in upper case,
boldface and center justified.

12.3. All subtitles are typewritten in title case, boldface and left justified.

12.4. All chapters should start at the beginning of the page.

12.5. There should be two (2) double spaces between chapter title and the first
subtopic and between the last line of a subtopic and the next subtopic.

12.6. Place tables/figures right after the discussion.

 12.7. Figures are labeled at the bottom.

12.8. Tables are labeled on top. All vertical and inside horizontal borders are
omitted (refer to attachment 3)

13. The title Literature Cited should be typewritten in capital letters, boldface and
center justified. No underlining, boldface and center justified. No underlining, boldface
or Italics is allowed except names of species or genera. Documents should be
classified as books, journals, unpublished materials, etc. and the entries are arranged
alphabetically (refer to Attachment 4)

14. The word appendix should be typewritten in capital letters, boldface and center
justified. The appendix title should be typewritten in title case, normal face, center
justified and if very long, in single space and inverted pyramid form.

15. The title Biographical Sketch should be typewritten in capital letters; boldface or
Italics is allowed. Typing should be consistent with the main body of the text.

LET’S THINK & REFLECT

Congratulations, you already finished the supplementary learning module! I

know you had a wonderful and stimulating learning experience. I am looking forward
for another amazing learning journey in the succeeding modules.

Your research spawned tons of ideas. Great! Now you’re ready to begin the
process of organizing your presentation . . . before you begin writing. Don’t skip the
organization step—it’s critical to your paper’s success. Without it, your paper will lack
focus and you’ll spend much more time in the revision process trying to make sense
of your jumbled thoughts.

LET’S ASSESS

Assessment/Guide Questions:

Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before each number. Good
luck!

_____1. _________________ is a content of the research report that focuses on

explaining the reason of the conduct of the study.
✓A. Introduction c. Methodology
b. Review of Related Literature d. Results and Discussion
 _____2. A part of the research report that holds the findings of the study and the
discussion of each finding.
a. Introduction c. Methodology
b. Review of Related Literature ✓D. Results and
Discussion
____3. Which among the parts of your research report focuses on presenting
relevant information regarding the research topic?
a. Introduction c. Conclusion
✓B. Review of Related d. Recommendations
Literature
____4. From the given choices below, which consideration in making research reports
focuses on securing the correct in-text citation?
a. Researcher must decide on what are the sections that must be included in your
report.
b. Researcher must write your report clearly and concisely.
✓C. References should be carefully and accurately cited.
d. Report should be edited by several times.

____5. Which of the following considerations in making research reports discusses

the importance of proof-reading?
a. Researcher must decide on what are the sections that must be included in your
report
b. Researcher must write your report clearly and concisely.
c. References should be carefully and accurately cited.
✓D. Report should be edited by several times.

GLOSSARY

Term Definition
Plagiarize - take (the work or an idea of someone else) and pass it off
as one's own.
Precise - marked by exactness and accuracy of expression or detail.

ANSWER KEY
Answer Key:
1. A
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. D

REFERENCES
References:

Prieto, N.G., Naval, V.C. & Carey, T.G. (2017). Practical research 1 for senior high
school: Qualitative. Quezon City, Metro Manila: LORIMAR
Publishing, Inc.

Prieto, N.G., Naval, V.C. & Carey, T.G. (2017). Practical research 2 for senior high
school: Quantitative. Quezon City, Metro Manila: LORIMAR
Publishing, Inc.

Torneo, A.R. & Clamor-Torneo, H.S. (2017). Practical research 2: An introduction to

quantitative research. Quezon City: SIBS Publishing House, Inc.

Writer: VICTOR M. ARAGON

Editors:

Reviewers: JAY D. FAMILARAN

For inquiries and feedback, write or call:

Department of Education-MIMAROPA Region
Meralco Avenue, corner St. Paul Road, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telephone No. (02) 863-14070
Email Address: [email protected]