POLYTECHNIC SULTAN ABDUL HALIM MU’ADZAM SHAH
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
DIPLOMA OF ARCHITECTURE
DCA40182-ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
SESSION 2-2022/2023
REPORT
DESIGN PROJECT
LECTURER'S:PN NADIA BINTI CHE ABD RANI
PN.NOR HIDAYAH BINTI ISMAIL
NAME : MUHAMMAD ASYRAFF BIN ROSLAN
CLASS : DSB4B
MATRIC NUMBER:03DSB21F1031
TABLE OF
CONTENT
1.INTRODUCTION 3
2. SITE ANALYSIS 4
3. THERMAL COMFORT 5-7
4.VENTILATION 8-10
5. LIGHTING 11-13
6.ACOUSTIC 14-15
7.CONCLUTION 16
8.REFERENCE 17
1. INTRODUCTION
This site is located on Jalan Kunang Lembu Jitra Kedah, this
building was built for the elderly who can not take care of
themselves or have children who are busy working to take care of
their parents. This building can accommodate 15 - 25 elderly
people, beside this community center has various facilities to do
various daily activities and can strength then the relationship
between them.
The design of this building was built for the elderly who are less
able to take care of themselves or have children who are busy
working with out having enough time to take care of their parents.
The shape of this building is very friendly especially to the elderly
because all their activities are on the ground floor and there are
many green plants around this building to provide fresh air.
Next, for The design concept of this building focuses more on
natural lighting and natural ventilation. Therefore this building is
divided into several parts to facilitate sufficient air and light. In
addition, the shape of this building is taken from a square shape
and combined into several parts.
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2. SITE SYNTESIS
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3.THERMAL COMFORT
WHAT IS THERMAL COMFORT ?
Generally, when we talk about indoor air quality and the ventages of living in a
Passivhaus dwelling, we refer to the great thermal comfort. But what is the
thermal comfort?
Thermal comfort is when the people using a building do not experience any cold
or hot feelings, that is, when humidity, temperature and air movement conditions
are nice and adequate to the activity conducted there.
The complexity of assessing the thermal comfort (we associate feelings with
subjective values) means studying variables such as the air, walls, grounds, and
roofs temperature, the air humidity and the air speed.
HERMAL COMFORT IN MY BUILDING
there are various types of thermal comfort in my building, the main purpose is for
the comfort of the elderly
i. Aircond
An air conditioner provides cold air inside your home or enclosed space by
actually removing heat and humidity from the indoor air. It returns the cooled air
to the indoor space, and transfers the unwanted heat and humidity outside.
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ii. Green Roof
A green roof, or rooftop garden, is a vegetative layer grown on a rooftop. Green
roofs provide shade, remove heat from the air, and reduce temperatures of the
roof surface and surrounding air.
The green roof is made on the roof of the cafe for the comfort of the elderly to
enjoy food comfortably because with the green roof it can cool the space below.
with the hot weather now it is very suitable to use a green roof
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iii. Green Wall
Both interior and exterior living green walls function to cool the air in the warmer
summer months through a process known as “evapotranspiration.” Exterior living
green walls can reduce wall surface temperatures by as much as 10°C, resulting
in significant energy savings and air conditioning costs.
This green wall is built on the first floor because the upper floor is more receptive
to high heat with the presence of this green wall which is more effective in
reducing the heat. although not too much but at least it can reduce the heat
inside the building.
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4.VENTILATION
WHAT IS VENTILATION ?
Ventilation moves outdoor air into a building or a room, and distributes the air
within the building or room. The general purpose of ventilation in buildings is to
provide healthy air for breathing by both diluting the pollutants originating in the
building and removing the pollutants from it.
TYPE OF VENTILATION
i) Natural Ventilation
Natural ventilation definition: the process of pulling fresh air into a building from
the outside. In turn, this fresh air helps force the warm, dirty air inside of the
building out through the opening in the roof. This becomes done, without
mechanical assistance. While that is the definition, concisely, it’s actual
application and use is much more complex.
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Natural Ventilation In My Building
in the upper corner of the wall of this building there is an opening for natural
ventilation. The opening above can supply fresh air in and out. With the opening,
the heat from the inside can also escape.
in addition to the ventilation space, this building has many windows and doors
that open to maintain fresh air
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ii) Mechanical Ventilation
Mechanical ventilation systems circulate fresh air using ducts and fans, rather
than relying on airflow through small holes or cracks in a home's walls, roof, or
windows. Homeowners can breathe easier knowing their home has good
ventilation.
Natural Mechanical In My Building
in some rooms in this building, air conditioners are placed for the comfort of the
elderly, especially those areas that can provide energy such as in the library
because they come there to gain knowledge and provide calmness.
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5. LIGHTING
WHAT IS LIGHTING ?
Lighting or illumination is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or
aesthetic effect. Lighting includes the use of both artificial light sources like
lamps and light fixtures, as well as natural illumination by capturing daylight.
Daylighting is sometimes used as the main source of light during daytime in
buildings. This can save energy in place of using artificial lighting, which
represents a major component of energy consumption in buildings. Proper
lighting can enhance task performance, improve the appearance of an area, or
have positive psychological effects on occupants. Indoor lighting is usually
accomplished using light fixtures, and is a key part of interior design. Lighting
can also be an intrinsic component of landscape projects.
TYPE OF LIGHTING
i) Natural Lighting
Natural lighting, also known as daylighting, is a technique that efficiently brings
natural light into your home using exterior glazing (windows, skylights, etc.),
thereby reducing artificial lighting requirements and saving energy. Natural
lighting has been proven to increase health and comfort levels for building
occupants.
This building uses the concept of natural lighting, this is because I idolize
architect Frank Lloyd Wright who uses a lot of natural concepts.
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ii) Artificial Lighting
Artificial light, as opposed to natural light, refers to any light source that is
produced by electrical means. Artificial lighting has many different applications
and is used both in-home and commercially. Artificial lights are available in a
wide variety of shapes, sizes, colors of light emitted, and levels of brightness.
The use of artificial lighting is crucial in agriculture and gardening, particularly in
indoor cultivation.
Type Of Artificial Lighting
Direct Lighting
Indirect Lighting
General Lighting
Luminous Lighting
Type Of Artificial Lighting In My Building
Direct Lighting
A lighting system, usually emitting light in a downward direction, that distributes
90% to 100% of its light in the direction of the surface to be lit.
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Indirect Lighting
Indirect general lighting uses a ceiling, wall other surface as secondary reflector.
The brightening of these surface that delineate the room or area gives an open
spatial impression.
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6.ACOUSTIC
WHAT IS ACOUSTIC ?
Acoustics is a branch of physics that deals with the study of mechanical waves
in gases, liquids, and solids including topics such as vibration, sound, ultrasound
and infrasound.
DEFINISION
Acoustics is defined by ANSI/ASA S1.1-2013 as "(a) Science of sound, including
its production, transmission, and effects, including biological and psychological
effects. (b) Those qualities of a room that, together, determine its character with
respect to auditory effects." The study of acoustics revolves around the
generation, propagation and reception of mechanical waves and vibrations
Acoustic In My Building
i) Acoustic Wall Panels
An acoustic panel is a sound-absorbing panel used to mitigate background noise
and reduce the reverberation and echo in a space. When we talk about an
acoustic panel, we refer to it in its broadest sense including vertical and
horizontal panels.
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ii) Acoustic Sofa
Acoustic armchairs and sofas are in simple terms an enhanced piece of furniture,
typically a chair, armchair or sofa with acoustic properties that help reduce noise and
create semi-private spaces. They are ideal for use in any open plan space, such as
offices, building receptions or hotel lobbies.
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7.CONCLUTION
For the conclusion this building are apply environment principles and design
strategies to building design in tropical climate. This building also consist of design
strategies including thermal comfort , ventilation , lighting and acoustic For lighting
,whether it's daylighting or artificial lighting, light draws attention to textures, colors,
and forms of a space, helping architecture achieve its true purpose. Vision is the
single most important sense through which we enjoy architecture, and lighting
enhances the way we perceive architecture even more. Finally for acoustic , the
good acoustics improve speech intelligibility, ensure optimal concentration and
reduce fatigue. Our hearing is designed to hear sound from one direction, but
when you are in a reverberant room you hear sound from all sides. This causes
fatigue, which in turn reduces concentration
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8.REFERENCE
https://greenhome.osu.edu/natural-lighting
https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Natural_light
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_comfort
https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Thermal_comfort_in_buildings
https://www.healthline.com/health/ventilator
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/15368-mechanical-ventilation
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