Earth Science Division

Decadal Survey Briefing with Stakeholders

Jack Kaye
ESD Associate Director for Research & Analysis
Nov. 14, 2019

1
 Outline
• Earth Science Division Overview
• Designated Observables Annual Review Summary
• Review Status of DOs
• ACCP
• MC
• SBG
• SDC
• Earth Science Applications
• Industry Engagement
• International Engagement
• Cross Benefits of Applications and Research
• 2007 Decadal Tier 2/3
• Calendar
• Q&A
• Please email questions to Amy Treat at [email protected]; the operator
will open phone lines for questions at the end of the presentation
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Earth Science Division Overview

3
 2017 Decadal Survey Progress

Earth Venture-Continuity
• DS recommended new Earth Venture
Continuity Measurement strand
($150M full mission cost cap) Decadal Incubation
• In December 2018, ESD released • DS calls for Incubation Program to
EVC-1 solicitation targeted for
Designated Observables
mature specific technologies for
radiation budget measurements • DS identified 5 Designated Observables for important — but presently immature
• Proposals were received in July 2019 mandatory acquisition (Aerosols; Clouds, — measurements (preparation for
Convection & Precipitation; Mass Change; next Decadal)
Surface Biology & Geology; Surface • Framework for program established
Earth Science Explorers Deformation & Change)
• DS recommended a new competed • Solicitations for Study Teams (PBL
• In 2018 ESD initiated 4 multi-center and STV) released on March 14,
Explorer flight line with $350M cost Designated Observables studies, continued
constraint 2019, selections made, AGU Town
in 2019: Halls set up for each
• Framework for program established • Combined: Aerosols-Clouds,
• Implementation on hold pending Convection & Precipitation
budget developments • Mass Change
• Surface Biology & Geology
• Surface Deformation & Change

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 Targeted Observables Priorities
Targeted Observable Science/Applications Summary Candidate Measurement Approach Designated Explorer Incubation
Aerosol properties, aerosol vertical profiles, and cloud Backscatter lidar and multi-channel/multi-angle
Aerosols properties to understand their direct and indirect effects polarization imaging radiometer flown together on X
on climate and air quality the same platform
Coupled cloud-precipitation state and dynamics for
Clouds, Convection and Radar(s), with multi-frequency passive microwave
monitoring global hydrological cycle and understanding X
Precipitation and sub-mm radiometer
contributing processes
Large-scale Earth dynamics measured by the changing
Spacecraft ranging measurement of gravity
Mass Change mass distribution within and between Earth’s atmosphere, X
anomaly
oceans, ground water, and ice sheets
Earth surface geology and biology, ground/water Hyperspectral imagery in the visible and shortwave
Surface Biology and
temperature, snow reflectivity, active geological infrared, multi- or hyperspectral imagery in the X
Geology
processes, vegetation traits and algal biomass thermal IR
Surface Deformation Earth surface dynamics from earthquakes and landslides Interferometric Synthetic Aperature Radar (InSAR)
X
and Change to ice sheets and permafrost with ionospheric correction
CO2 and methane fluxes and trends, global and regional
Multispectral short wave IR and thermal IR
Greenhouse Gases with quantification of point sources and identification of X
sounders; or lidar **
source types
Global ice characterization including elevation change of
land ice to assess sea level contributions and freeboard
Ice Elevation Lidar ** X
height of sea ice to assess sea ice/ocean/atmosphere
interaction
Coincident high-accuracy currents and vector winder to
Ocean Surface Winds
assess air-sea momentum exchange and to infer Radar scatterometer X
and Currents
upwelling, upper ocean mixing, and sea-ice drift
** Could potentially be addressed by a multi-function lidar designed to address two or more of the Targeted Observables

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 Targeted Observables Priorities
Targeted Observable Science/Applications Summary Candidate Measurement Approach Designated Explorer Incubation
Vertical profiles of ozone and trace gases (including water
UV/IR/microwave limb/nadir sounding and UV/IR
Ozone and Trace Gases vapor, CO, NO2, methane, and N20) globally and with X
solar/stellar occultation
high spatial resolution
Snow Depth and Snow Snow depth and snow water equivalent including high
Radar (Ka/Ku band) altimeter; or lidar** X
Water Equivalent spatial resolution in mountain areas
3D structure of terrestrial ecosystem including forest
Terrestrial Ecosystem canopy and above ground biomass and changes in above
Lidar** X
Structure ground carbon stock from processes such as
deforestation and forest degradation
3D winds in troposphere/PBL for transport of
Active sensing (lidar, radar, scatterometer); passive
pollutants/carbon/aerosol and water vapor, wind energy,
Atmospheric Winds imagery or radiometry-based atmos. motion vectors X X
cloud dynamics and convection, and large-scale
(AMVs) tracking; or lidar**
circulation
Microwave, hyperspectral IR sounder(s) (e.g., in
Diurnal 3D PBL thermodynamic properties and 2D PBL
geo or small sat constellation), GPS radio
Planetary Boundary structure to understand the impact of PBL processes on
occultation for diurnal PBL temperature and X
Layer weather and AQ through high vertical and temporal
humidity and heights; water vapor profiling and
profiling of PBL temperature, moisture and heights
DIAL lidar; and lidar** for PBL height
High-resolution global topography including bare surface
Surface Topography and
land topography, ice topography, vegetation structure, Radar; or lidar** X
Vegetation
and shallow water bathymetry
** Could potentially be addressed by a multi-function lidar designed to address two or more of the Targeted Observables
Other ESAS 2017 Targeted Observables not allocated to a Flight Program element: Aquatic Biogeochemistry, Magnetic Field Changes, Ocean Ecosystem Structure, Radiance
Intercallibration, Sea Surface Salinity, Soil Moisture

See: https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/decadal-surveys ESD has decided to treat Atmospheric Winds as Explorer

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 Earth Science Division’s Venture Opportunities
Release Selection
Mission Mission Type Major Milestone
Date Date
EVS-1 (EV-1) (AirMoss, ATTREX,
5 Suborbital Airborne Campaigns 2009 2010 N/A EVS
CARVE, DISCOVER-AQ, HS3)
EVM-1 (CYGNSS) SmallSat Constellation 2011 2012 Launched Dec. 2016
Sustained sub-orbital
investigations
EVI-1 (TEMPO) Geostationary Hosted Payload 2011 2012 Delivered to storage Dec. 2018
(~4 years)
EVI-2 (ECOSTRESS & GEDI) Class C & Class D ISS-hosted Instruments 2013 2014 Launched June & Dec. 2018
EVS-2 (ACT-America, ATOM,
6 Suborbital Airborne Campaigns 2013 2014 N/A
MAAMES, ORACLES, OMG, CORAL)
EVM
EVI-3 (MAIA & TROPICS) Class C LEO Instrument & Class D CubeSat Constellation 2015 2016 Delivery NLT 2021 Complete, self-contained,
EVM-2 (GeoCarb) Geostationary Hosted Payload 2015 2016 Launch ~2021 small missions
EVSI-4 (EMIT & PREFIRE) Class C ISS-hosted Payload & Class D Twin CubeSats 2016 2018 Delivery NLT 2021 (~4 years)
EVS-3 (ACTIVATE, DCOTTS,
5 Suborbital Airborne Campaigns 2017 2018 N/A
IMPACTS, Delta-X, SMODE)
EVI-5 (GLIMR) Geostationary Hosted Payload 2018 2019 Delivery NLT 2024
EVI
Full function, facility-class
EVC-1 Radiation Budget Measurement 2018 2019 Delivery NLT 2024
instruments Missions of
EVM-3 Full Orbital 2019 2020 Launch ~2025
Opportunity (MoO)
EVI-6 Instrument Only 2020 2021 Delivery NLT 2025 (~18 months)
EVS-4 Suborbital Airborne Campaigns 2021 2022 N/A
EVC-2 Continuity Measurements 2021 2022 Delivery NLT 2027
EVM-4 Full Orbital 2021 2024 Launch ~2029
EVI-7 Instrument Only 2023 2024 Delivery NLT 2028
EVC-3 Continuity Measurements 2024 2025 Delivery NLT 2030 Open solicitation - In Review
EVS-5 Suborbital Airborne Campaigns 2025 2026 N/A Completed solicitation

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 Personnel Changes

• Charles Webb
• Associate Director for Flight (Acting)
• ESD Director
• Announcement will go out at the end of November 2019

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 DO Study Points of Contact
Program Program Centers Study
Study Program Scientist Technology POC
Executive Applications Lead Coordinator
Hal Maring
John Haynes Amber Emory
(Alternates: Gail
ACCP Tahani Amer (Alternate: David (Alternate: Bob Vickie Moran (GSFC)
Skofronick-Jackson,
Green) Connerton)
Barry Lefer)
Woody Turner
Woody Turner
(Alternates: Ben Bob Connerton
SBG Marissa Herron (Alternate: Brad Jamie Nastal (JPL)
Phillips, Laura (Alternate: Mike Little)
Doorn)
Lorenzoni)
Gerald Bawden
(Alternates: Hank Bob Bauer (Alternate:
SDC Mitra Dutta David Green Paul Rosen (JPL)
Margolis, Mike Bob Connerton)
Falkowski)

Lucia Tsaoussi Bob Connerton

Amanda
MC (Alternate: Jared Brad Doorn (Alternate: Parminder Bernard Bienstock (JPL)
Whitehurst
Entin) Ghuman)

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 Flight Program
Accomplishments Since July 2019

• SORCE KDP-F: July 11, 2019

• Transition to Phase F: Feb. 25, 2020
• GeoCarb KDP-C: July 18, 2019
• Continuation Review planned for December 2019
• Received EVC-1 Proposals: July 26, 2019
• Currently under evaluation
• OCO-3 Post-Launch Assessment Review: Aug. 9, 2019
• PACE KDP-C: Aug. 15, 2019
• OSTM/Jason-2 KDP-F: Nov. 4, 2019

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 Research & Analysis
Accomplishments Since July 2019
• Airborne Field Campaigns (Selected)
• SNOWEx – Grand Mesa November campaign completed, including NASA SWESARR
instrument, NOAA Gamma Airborne Survey, and significant ground work
• NASA/ISRO L/S Radar Campaign – instrument arrived in US, first phase (snow, solid Earth,
ocean first)
• ACT-AMERICA – flew over 200 hours (B200, C-130)
• FIREX-AQ (joint with NOAA) – flew over 200 hours (DC-8, ER-2) from ID and KS (DC-8)
and CA (ER-2)
• CAMP2Ex – flew 150 science flight hours on the P-3 and 40 science flight hours on the
SPEC, Inc. Lear 35
• ABoVE – flew 55 hours on GIII from locations in Alaska and Canada
• OIB – flying final campaign (Antarctic) using G-V

• DS Modeling Recommendations – initial telecon with NOAA (9/17) on DS

recommendation 4.2, including participation from multiple line offices and
laboratories; follow-up meeting between NASA GMAO and NOAA NGGPS
(10/21)

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 Research & Analysis
Accomplishments Since July 2019
• Community Activities (Selected)
o GLOBE Annual Meeting – July 14-18 (Detroit, MI)
o AGU Chapman Conference on Carbon and Climate Feedbacks - August 26-29 (San Diego,
CA)
o Solid Earth Team Meeting – November 4-6 (San Diego, CA)

• Upcoming Events
• AGU Town Halls (selected)
• Surface Deformation and Change (DO) – Monday 12:30-1:30 (Moscone West 3005)
• Aerosols, Clouds, Convection and Precipitation (DO) – Monday 6:15-7:15 (Moscone West 3004)
• NASA/ESD – Tuesday, 12:30-1:30 (Moscone West 2002)
• Incubation ST&V – Tuesday, 6:15-7:15 (Moscone West 3004)
• NASA Sea Level Change Team – Tuesday 6:15-7:15 (Moscone West 2016)
• Mass Change (DO) – Thursday 12:30-1:30 (Moscone West 2004)
• NASA SnowEx Planning – Thursday 12:30-1:30 (Moscone West 2005)
• Incubation PBL – Thursday 6:15-7:15 (Moscone West 3004)

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 Applied Sciences
Accomplishments Since July 2019
Community Activities (Selected)
o Health & Air Quality Applied Sciences Team Meeting (July 10-12; Pasadena, CA)
o Earth Science Information Partners Summer Meeting (July 16-19; Tacoma, WA)
o Western Water Applications Office Meeting (July 16; Portland, OR)
o Water Resources Team Meeting (July 17-19; Portland, OR)
o Kick-off Meeting for New Disaster Applications Projects (July 18-19; Boulder, CO)
o Summer Applications Showcase featuring DEVELOP projects (August 1-2; Washington, DC)
o Health & Air Quality Team Meeting (Sept; Rapid City, SD)
o International Space Apps Challenge (Oct.; Worldwide)
o Applied Sciences Advisory Committee meeting (Nov 12 & 15, telecon)
o VALUABLES Workshop (Oct; Washington, DC and Livestream)
Notables Notable Town Halls at AGU
o 10-year anniversary of ARSET (Applied Remote SERVIR: Wed 12:30 M-West 2007
Sensing Training) arset.gsfc.nasa.gov Global Agriculture: Thurs 12:30 M-West 2008
o 10-year anniv. of LANCE (Land, Atmosphere Upcoming EO & Apps.: Thurs 12:30 M-West 3014
Near real-time Capability for EOS) SAR & Capacity Building: Thurs 12:30 M-West 3002
o Space For U.S. site awarded two gold medals Soil Moisture: Fri 12:30 M-West 2016
nasa.gov/spaceforus ICESat-2 Applications: Fri 12:30 M-West 3004
Earth science applications -------
stories for each U.S. State, DC,
PR, and major bodies of water
USGEO: Monday 12:30 M-West 2005 13
 Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO)
Accomplishments Since July 2019
• HARP launch on NG-12: Nov. 2, 2019
• Expect to be deployed from ISS in January 2020
• AIST-18 awarded 22 projects, with relevance across the DS Targeted Observables
http://bit.ly/AIST18_Awards
• IIP-19 awarded 19 projects, with relevance across the DS Targeted Observables
http://bit.ly/IIP-19
• Decadal Survey Incubation Study Teams Solicitation, led by R&A, will be announced in time
for team members to participate at relevant AGU town halls (PBL and ST&V)
• In the process of augmenting a few ongoing ESTO and R&A activities that are highly
relevant to PBL and ST&V Targeted Observables
• Collecting requirements from DO study teams for tech demo/risk reduction activities
• We may augment existing ESTO, SBIR projects that fit requirements
• We are looking into a quick turn around solicitation that could fit into FY20

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 Earth Science Division
• In a Continuing Resolution (CR) until Nov. 21, 2019
• FY20 Appropriations Bill has not been passed
• The current CR continues funding at FY19 levels
• ~$1.931 Billion for ESD
• Continues operations and development of FY17 Program of
Record (including DSCOVR EPIC/NISTAR, PACE, CLARREO-PF)

Notable Town Halls at AGU

• NASA ESD Town Hall, Tuesday 12:30-1:30, Moscone West 2002
• Meet the Chief Scientists from NASA Centers,
Tuesday 18:15-19:15 Moscone West 2020
• NASA’s Earth Observations from the Private-Sector Small Constellation
Satellite Data Product Pilot Project, Tuesday 18:15-19:15 Moscone West 2007

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Designated Observables (DO)
Annual Review Summary

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 DO Annual Review Summary
• On Sept. 26, the DO Study Teams presented their year-one activities to
the Earth Science Division
• Teams have developed Science and Applications Traceability
Matrices (SATMs)
• Initial architectures and instrument capabilities have been developed
• Teams have developed value frameworks to assess architectures
• Some teams have identified (and/or issued) RFIs and/or needs for
industry solicitations
• Initial international engagement has started
• Industry Engagement Working Group with members of the DO Teams
will be established
• Teams are ready to update their future plans
• The next DO meeting will be Jan. 29, 2020 to present the ESD process for
down selecting to the final architecture

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Aerosol, Cloud, Convection and Precipitation (ACCP)

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Mission Study on Aerosol and
Clouds, Convection & Precipitation
ACCP Science
8 Science Objectives (see SATM for # Mapping) High Cloud
Traceable to the 2017 Decadal Survey Convective (3) Feedback (2)
Storm
Systems
Low Cloud Aerosol (6) Cold Cloud &
(4)
Feedback (1) Redistribution Precipitation
Aerosol (7,8) Aerosol Attribution
Absorption, & Air Quality (5)
Direct &
Indirect Effects
on Radiation

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Mission Study on ACCP Applications
Aerosol,
Clouds, Convection & Storm Forecasting
Precipitation and Modeling Improved Numerical
Weather Prediction
13 Enabled Applications
Climate Modeling Aviation Industry
Aerosols and
and Safety
Precipitation
Operational Air Interaction
Quality Forecasting
Inform Air Quality
Regulation
Human Health Studies &
Health Risk Estimation Wildfires

Disasters Hydrologic
Energy Planning Modeling
Agricultural
Health and Ecological Modeling &
Forecasting/Monitoring Monitoring 20
 ACCP: Architecture Construction
• Architecture Construction Phase nearly complete
• Architecture Construction Workshop (ACW) 1-3 at JPL in May, June and July 2019
• 19 Architectures were constructed to explore trade space from more capable
(1-2 spacecraft) to less capable but distributed spacecraft (up to 4 spacecraft
augmented with SmallSat and CubeSats) with a range of costs
• Defining Sweet Instrument Suites (DSIS) Workshop Aug. 8, 2019
• Discuss how the architectures constructed to date fit overarching goals of
ACCP and constructed new Instrument Suites and modifications to existing
Instrument Suites (13 total)
• ACW 4 at GSFC Sept. 16-20, 2019 refined Technical Margins and the Ground
System Architectures
• All architectures utilized Payload/Instrument Library consisting of >50 responses
received from RFI and considered contributed instruments from potential
international partners (JAXA, CNES, CSA)

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 ACCP: Architecture Evaluation
• Architecture Evaluation Phase in progress
• Architecture Evaluation Workshop (AEW) 1 held Aug. 7, 2019
• Discussed the Qualitative Science Benefit Scores and Programmatic
Cost/Risk associated with the Architectures studied in ACWs 1-3 and
selected the first Architecture for further design definition in a Collaborative
Design Center (CDC)
• Architecture 8G: 1 Polar Orbiting and 1 GPM Orbiting Spacecraft
• Results/Lessons Learned:
• Costing of instruments is challenging (particularly for radar and lidar
instruments using NICM)
• Refined Costing and Full Value Framework Science Benefit Assessments
will be done post CDC

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 ACCP: Architecture Design & Definition
• Architecture Design & Definition Phase in progress
• Architecture 1 of 6 in progress
• CDC 1 was completed Sept. 30-Oct. 11, 2019 at GSFC
• Independent Technology Readiness Assessments (TRAs) is underway for all non-
contributed instruments in Architecture 8G (expected completion January 2020)
• Independent Cost Modeling (Price-H) is underway for all instruments for which a
Master Equipment List (MEL) is available (expected completion December-
January 2020)
• Architecture 2 of 6 Plan
• The next Architecture for CDC 2 will be selected in AEW 2 on Dec. 6, 2019 near
Colorado State University in Ft. Collins after hearing the independent Science
Community Committee’s (SCC) input and feedback on the Science and
Applications Traceability Matrix (SATM) and Science Priorities
• CDC 2 will be conducted at JPL in mid-January 2020

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ACCP: Community and Industry Engagement
• ACCP potential international partnerships
• JAXA and CSA participation on SALT, SIT and SCC
• Technical expertise provided for potentially contributed instruments
• Bilateral discussions planned for Dec. 3, 2019 in Ft. Collins, Colorado
• ACCP community engagement
• Quarterly Community Forums (first, Sept. 20; next, at AGU)
• Provides more detailed status on ACCP science, instrumentation and
architectures to interested community
• AGU ACCP Town Hall, Dec. 9
• AGU ACCP Splinter Meeting on Architectures, Dec. 10
• AGU ACCP Splinter on Science, Dec. 11
• ACCP industry-university engagement
• 16 Engineering/Technology Development Proposals submitted and under evaluation

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 ACCP: Study Status and Timeline
Date Milestone

October 2018 Study Plan Start (completed)

April 2-4, 2019 Community Workshop in Pasadena (2 month delay due to shutdown) (SATM Rev C) (completed)

April 19, 2019 RFI for Instrument Libraries (~50 Responses, including International Contributions) (completed)

May 7, 2019 Release SATM Rev D (for Architecture Construction) (completed)

Architecture Construction Workshops I-III, Architecture Refinement, & Architecture Evaluation

May-September 2019
Workshop 1 (completed)

Sept. 16, 2019 Release SATM Rev E for SCC Review (revised post Architecture Construction refinements)

CDC Sept. 30-Oct. 11, 2019

Collaborative Design Center (CDC) Run #1 (at Goddard), Value Framework, & Costing
Costing, Evaluation through December

March 2020 Sub-Orbital Workshops & Sub-Orbital Inclusion Into Architectures

January, March, May, July, September 2020 Remaining CDCs (JPL, LaRC, MSFC, GRC, GSFC), Value Framework, & Costing

September 2021 Final Report & Presentations

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Mass Change (MC)

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 Mass Change (MC) Study Update
Current and upcoming plans and events:
• Study identified drivers and constraints, key MC candidate architectures and technology readiness
• Work on simulations for selected architectures across the three architecture types is ongoing
• Discussion on value framework and metrics
• Effort has begun with Analyses-of-Alternatives (AoA)
• Currently defining details of architecture options as the input to the AoA
• Assessing contract options for investments in promising technologies
The MC Study team will hold community telecons, identified by scientific discipline, focused on the further
refinement of the Mass Change Designated Observable Science and Applications Traceability Matrix.
• If you would like to attend any of the scheduled telecons, please send an email requesting an
invitation to [email protected]. The schedule is as follows:
• Oct. 30 at 4 p.m. EST: Earth Surface and Interior
• Nov. 15 at 2 p.m. EST: Global Hydrological Cycle and Water Resources
Nov. 19 at 2 p.m. EST: Climate Variability and Change
Mass Change Designated Observables Study AGU Town Hall
• AGU 2019 Fall Meeting, Thursday, Dec. 12, from 12:30-1:30 p.m. (PT)

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 Mass Change (MC) Study Update (cont’d)
Community Engagement Workshop July 30-Aug. 1, 2019, Washington, D.C.
• 80 participants from NASA, other USG agencies, private sector, universities and international partners
• Presentations by MC team and community in plenary and breakout sessions for 2.5 days
• Presentations and discussion on the Science and Applications Traceability Matrix (SATM), Observing
Architectures (including SmallSats) and Technology
• Workshop Report available on the MC Website, https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/decadal-mc
• All presentation materials available upon request to [email protected]
Applications
• Mass Change Applications Survey released online June 14, 2019
• Survey remains open at https://tinyurl.com/MassChangeSurvey
• Mass change applications poster at AGU
• Dec. 13, 8 a.m.-12:20 p.m., Session G51B-0575, Moscone South Poster Hall
Team engagement with potential partners, including industry and international
• Ongoing NASA/ESA dialogue for joint studies

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 Study Phases
Phase 1 Candidate Observing Phase 2 Assessment of Observing Phase 3 Detailed Design of
System Architectures System Architectures Promising System Architectures

Open trade space Close trade space Iterate Reconcile

Design Cost
Thriving on Our
Identify innovation Specify value
Changing Planet
and technology framework and
A Decadal Strategy
opportunities, perform cost Collaborative Independent
for Earth Observation
synergies with other effectiveness Engineering Cost Estimate
from Space (2018)
missions, and enabling analysis
partnerships

HQ Kick-off Baseline validated,

Meeting MCR ready
Architecture assessment
workshop

= Self-consistent architectures
= Promising architectures
Mass Change • Each architecture needs to be responsive to the science
= Point design Community Workshop
and applications objectives stated in the Decadal Survey
= Design phase gates • This necessitates the development of a Science and
Applications Traceability Matrix (SATM)

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Mass Change Designated Observable Study Climate
8 Most Important Science Objectives Hydrology
Traceable to the 2017 Decadal Survey Earth Surface and Interior

Ice Sheets (3)

Sea Level (1)

Freshwater Storage (4)
Ocean Heat (2)
Earthquakes (6)

Landscape Changes (8)

Groundwater Storage (5) Glacial Isostatic Adjustment

and Local Sea Level (7)
Decadal Survey Science and Application Objectives for Mass Change
A Diverse Set of Objectives Spanning Three Panels

Climate Variability and Change Global Hydrological Cycles & Water Resources Earth Surface and Interior

C-1c: H-1a:
C-1a: S-1b: S-4a:
Ice Sheet Mass Water Balance
Global Sea Level Earthquakes Landscape Changes
Change Closure

S-3a:
C-7d: H-2c:
C-1b: Glacial Isostatic S-5a:
Dynamical Ocean Groundwater
Ocean Heat Adjustment/Local Earth Energy Flow
State Recharge Sea Level

C-1d: C-7e: H-3b:

Water Availability & S-6b:
Regional Sea Level Ocean Circulation H-4c: Groundwater Flux
Storage Drought Monitoring

DS Prescribed Weights [Importance]

Most Important Very Important Important
Highest weight Medium weight Lower Weight
Science Performance Targets

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 MC Interpretation of DS Objectives
Value Judgment: Requires Community Vetting

Relative Importance Suggested MC-DO Measurement

Weighted DS Necessary
of MC to meet DS Parameters (Spatial Resolution,
Science/Application Geophysical
Science/Application Temporal Resolution, Accuracy)
Objective Observables
Objective (Utility) for Baseline/Goal

Instrument Performance
for various types of
architectures

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 MC Workshop Architecture breakout: Summary
Study plan timeline and expected outcomes:
• Nominal length of ~3 years, could extend to ~5 years total, if necessary
• Upcoming Phase 2
• Begin with very open trade space; we will need to rely on previously-published simulations and simulations performed
outside the NASA MC team – we need inputs
• All architecture classes will be considered at this point, detailed and consistent simulations will need to be run within
NASA MC team for some architectures
• Final delivery to NASA HQ: Timeline of observing system options
• Includes ~3 candidate architectures for the MC observing system
• Could include existing platforms, other data sets, data buys, tech demos, other agency platform(s), contingency/gap-
bridging observing system as future budget is unknown
• Should include the development of a technology road map
Architecture classes:
• 1. SST, 2. Gravity gradiometer, 3. SmallSat/CubeSat, 4. POD (in no particular order)
Key discussion points:
• Spacecraft system/instrument-coupled simulations needed. Some simulations could be done jointly (e.g. NASA/ESA)
• GRACE/GRACE-FO define the threshold performance?
• Continuity is of high importance as made clear in the Decadal Survey objectives.

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MC Workshop Technology Breakout Summary
• Strong support for advancements and improvements in accelerometer technology
• Strong support and apparent consensus for Laser Ranging as the path forward for
SST measurements
• Gradiometer technology is the likely far reaching path forward for significant
advancements
• Will look at Atomic Interferometry (Cold Atom) and Superconducting
gradiometers
• Support for Tech Demo opportunities to advance future technologies:
• CubeSat and SmallSat technologies
• Gradiometer and Quantum Sensing technologies
• The three main technology areas noted in first three bullets were assigned POCs to
summarize technology based on agreed metrics and criteria
• Other technologies noted include: drag free, attitude control, reference frame tech

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Surface Biology and Geology (SBG)

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 Mission Study on Surface Biology and Geology
SBG Science and Applications Objectives from the 5 Decadal Survey Panels

Variability of the land surface and the

Flows of energy, fluxes of water, energy and
carbon, water, and momentum
nutrients sustaining
the life cycle of Composition and temperature of
terrestrial and volcanic products immediately Snow
marine ecosystems following eruptions accumulation,
melt, and
Inventory the world’s volcanos and spectral albedo
geology of exposed land surfaces
The global carbon cycle and associated Monthly terrestrial CO2 fluxes
climate and ecosystem impacts at 100 km scale

Land and water use effects, surface

Functional traits and diversity of temperatures, evapotranspiration
terrestrial and aquatic vegetation
Water balance from
headwaters to the continent
 Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) Update
• September 5 – SBG website live at https://sbg.jpl.nasa.gov, integrating with NASA Decadal Survey website
• October 1 – Transition from Study Phase 1 (Candidate Architectures) to Study Phase 2 (Assessment)
• October 29-31 – Team-X Architecture Study
• Determined first-order feasibility based on financial (cost), technical resources (volume, mass, power), and
performance (radiometric, spatial, spectral, temporal range and resolution) constraints that make the instruments
viable for their respective architectures
• Research and Applications (R&A) WG was well represented during all 3 sessions
• Participating centers included ARC, GSFC, JPL, and LaRC
• A total of 14 instrument cases for TIR and VSWIR instruments studied, these captured key elements of the 60+
architectures arising from Phase 1
• November 11-15 – Bilateral discussions in Japan with HISUI team
• December 3-4 – Status meeting at HQ
• February 3-4 – Co-Leads meeting
• March 12-13 – Bilateral discussions, ESA and ASI
• April (tentative) – Team-X study

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 SBG: Key Dates
Date Milestone
October 2018 Study Plan Start
February 2019 A Team Study
March 2019 WG Co-leads meeting, DC
April 2019 Phase 1 Option Tree and Costs
June 2019 Community Workshop
August 2019 WG Co-leads meeting, Ames
September 2019 DO annual Review
January-March 2020 Design Center Studies
July 2020 Phase II Delivery to HQ
August 2020 Community Workshop
May 2021 Final SBG Study Report and Findings
September 2021 MCR Preparation

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Surface Deformation and Change (SDC)

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Surface Deformation and Change
Observables

Forest
Hydrology Biomass
Glaciers
Ice Sheets Volcanic Wetlands
Dynamics Unrest Dynamics
Landslides Disturbance

Tectonics
Surface
Sea Ice Dynamics Earthquakes Water Drought
Coastal Agriculture
Sea Level Response
Processes

Subsidence Soil Moisture

 SDC Science is Perennially Relevant

• Ridgecrest earthquakes were top news in the U.S. for

days after the earthquakes July 4 and 5, 2019
• Image (left) generated from ALOS-2 data acquired well
before the events, and again after several large
earthquakes occurred
• More noise than necessary and conflated signals
• In recommending the Surface Deformation and Change
Designated Observable, the Decadal Survey recognized
the need for higher precision and more frequent
estimates to reliably differentiate immediate afterslip from
longer term relaxation events from temporally and
spatially interconnected system of faults

41
Year 1 Objectives Completed: Team, Community and SATM Building
Year 1 Objective Activities to Reach Objective
() = Schedule Task Names () = centers engaged in activity
• Leadership meeting in February 2019 to define plan and achieve consensus (All)
• Weekly telecon between Program Scientist and Study Coordinator (JPL/NASA)
• Bi-weekly Phase 1 Leads coordination telecons (JPL/GSFC)
Build an Effective SDC Team
• Bi-weekly R&A telecons (JPL/MSFC/GSFC)
• Bi-weekly SDC team coordination telecons (All)
• NASA G-Suite document sharing
First Round of Science and Applications
SDC Research and Applications Workshop April 29-May 1, 2019 (JPL/MSFC/GSFC + All)
Traceability Refinement (DSATS/CDC)
• Fall AGU 2018 ESI Town Hall (JPL/MSFC/GSFC + All)
• Living Planet Symposium 2019 SDC presentation and SAR WG Meeting
Build Connections to Relevant Communities
• IGARSS 2019 SDC presentation (All)
(ECA)
• SAR WG regular telecons with DLR and ESA (JPL)
• Establish SDC website in coordination with NASA HQ (JPL/GSFC)

Assess the State of the Art in Technology and

SDC Technology Workshop May 20-22, 2019 (JPL/ARC + All)
Trends that are Usable for SDC (ECA)

Schedule Task Acronyms: DSATS = Define Science/Apps Trade Space CDC = Compile Driving Capabilities
ECA = Explore Candidate Architectures DCA = Define Candidate Architectures PT = Performance Tool

42
Year 1 Objectives Completed: Toward Architecture Definition and Assessment
Activities to Reach Objective
Year 1 Objective
() = centers engaged in activity
• Literature search (JPL)
First Assessment of New Space Applicability for SDC • Developed SmallSat science potentials model based on Bearden paper (JPL)
(ECA) • Established relationship with U.S. Defense Innovation Unit (JPL/ARC)
• Established relationship with Capella Space, ICEye (JPL/GSFC/ARC)
• Living Planet Symposium 2019 SAR WG Meeting (JPL)
First Assessment of International Partnership
• IGARSS 2019 interactions (JPL/MSFC/ARC)
Possibilities (ECA)
• SAR WG regular telecons with DLR and ESA (JPL)
• Engaged Mission Planning Group responsible for NISAR mission planning to
augment CLASP for SDC-specific targeting attributes for constellations
Augment the NISAR Performance Tool Technologies
(JPL/ARC/LaRC)
to Create SDC Constellation Performance Tool (PT)
• Engaged NISAR Performance Tool Team to augment interfaces for
constellations (JPL/ARC/LaRC)
• SDC Technology Workshop May 20-22, 2019 report outcomes
First thoughts on Architectures (DCA) (JPL/ARC/LaRC)
• A-Team Constellation Concept Brainstorming Study June 2019 (All)

• SDC Team is well integrated, with all centers engaged

• Team is making excellent progress and is on track for defining architectures

43
 JPL Innovation Foundry
June 19-20

JPL A-Team Session

Fifteen scientists, engineers, and program managers identified opportunities if we consider
timely international engagement.

General Outcomes:
• ROSE-L (ESA) and/or Tandem-L (DLR) go a long way toward meeting SDC observables
• Two NISAR-like spacecraft 6-day separated (ROSE-L) or Tandem orbital configurations
• NASA contribution or augmentation would add capability
• Faster revisit by adding an additional satellite in a time-spaced orbit
• Vector diversity in bistatic configuration
• Baseline diversity in bistatic configuration
• Commercial constellations could offload some science observables particularly in cryosphere
• SmallSat constellation could help resolve Solid Earth science versus geohazard latency and
global versus localized conflicts

44
 Preliminary Architectures/Approaches
The SDC study has until mid 2021 to define architectures
SAR-based solutions lead to a natural set of architectures that we will choose from

1. NISAR follow-on with ISRO or equivalent partner

2. Constellation of SmallSats equaling NISAR capability
3. N of #1 and m of #2 above, where n,m = 1,2,3…
4. ESA’s ROSE-L Mission or equivalent: Two NISAR-like L-band systems planned for ~2028 launch
5. ROSE-L + #1 above
6. ROSE-L + #2 above
7. ROSE-L + a co-flier or two
8. Add a complement of commercial X-band SAR data for polar regions and geohazards
9. Add a complement of drone/high altitude platforms to address persistence/fast sampling

45
 Performance Tool: Overview
Designed to provide the performance metrics of a given SAR satellite or constellation.
• Inputs:
• Target points on the ground, chosen for global coverage or specific to a focus group (cryosphere,
solid Earth, etc.)
• Architecture viewing geometry, data acquisition repeat time, beam parameters, orbits
• Model noise parameters related to EM wave propagation delays, target surface conditions (e.g.,
snow, vegetation cover), data correlation.
• Outputs: seasonally-dependent coverage and measurement uncertainty, over a set of ground targets

Example: Data coverage and average surface deformation measurement uncertainty for NISAR over 24 days
Summer Winter

mm mm

46
 Upcoming Activities and Milestones
Date Activity/Milestone
November 2019 CEOS Plenary (NASA’s report of Decadal Activities)
Dec. 9, 2019* SDC Town Hall, Fall AGU, San Francisco
February/March 2020* SDC/SNWG Stakeholder meeting
April 2020 Completion of Primary Performance Tool
June 2020 Preliminary evaluation of architectures
June 2020* Research & Applications Community Workshop
August 2020 Final Capabilities Document
*Activities open to international research, applications, and technical communities

47
Applications

48
 Earth Science Missions & Applications

Primary goal is to maximize the benefit of NASA's

investments by enhancing the applications value and
overall societal benefits of projects

Direct Use Research Results Advocacy

Uses of data/info. products to Increased awareness and Broaden the range of

improve decisions for familiarity with research communities and orgs.
societal/economic benefits; pursuits of DOs & interested in the DOs
feedback from non-trad. researchers; anticipation and potential voices to
audiences; increase ROI of results support them

49
 Earth Science Missions & Applications
Community Assessment Report
As part of the efforts to have applications CAR Outline *
considerations in the Pre-Phase A time frame
for missions/observing systems (and Exec. Summary (Optional)
throughout the lifecycle), NASA is conducting Introduction
Community Assessments, which are systematic Observing System
efforts to gather information to assess and
User Communities
characterize applications user communities for
the missions/observing systems. Supports the Assessment & Characterization
mission concept, trade-off decisions, and more. Analysis
Findings & Implications
A Community Assessment Report (CAR)
Conclusion
serves to document the information gathered
concerning applications communities for a Appendix
mission/observing system. The CAR serves as Methods; References; Contacts
a reference document for the project team, PE,
* Annotated outline provided to DO Study Teams
PS, PAL, and others throughout the lifecycle.
50
Industry Engagement

51
 DO Industry Engagement:
Updates on Solicitations
Date of
Description Supported Activity
solicitation
Cross-cutting expertise
Category 1 All of the DOs November 2019
in specific areas
Category 2 Support to HQ HQ Decadal Strategy TBD
We are now
Technology
Category 3 Specific to each DO receiving inputs
Demonstrations
from study teams*

Category 4 Applications Support All of the DOs Oct/Nov 2019

* We will evaluate if any of the team requests overlap with existing ESTO or SBIR tasks, if so we
will consider augmentations. We are also looking into how to do a quicker solicitation (2-3 months
in lieu of 6-9 months) in order to have a solicitation in FY20.
52
52
 Category 1: Crosscutting support to DOs
• ESD is working with JPL to release the Category 1 solicitations in support of the DO
Architecture Studies in cross-cutting areas (i.e. capabilities that could apply to multiple
DOs) where industry has unique expertise:
• SmallSat/CubeSat Constellations (one contract)
• Payload hosting on Commercial Satellites (one contract)
• Ground System Architectures (one contract)
• Data Processing/Data Storage/Cloud Computing (one contract)
• Market Research on out-of-the-box enabling commercial technologies (one contract)

• One-year period of performance with options to renew on an annual basis

• Release of RFP is imminent

53
 Category 4: Applications Support to DOs

• ESD is working with JPL & LaRC to release the Category 4 solicitations to fund
industry to help in the assessment of Applications Communities in support of the
DO studies.
• JPL is handling the Category 4 for SBG
• LaRC is handling the Category 4 for A-CCP, SDC, and MC
• This industry support complements work by the DO team in identifying new users,
preparing the Community Assessment Report, and on-going engagement with
non-research users.
• Intent is to broaden engagement with user communities beyond traditional and
customary ones (e.g., federal agencies) and reach new users and audiences,
especially private sector and non-profits.

• One-year period of performance with options to renew on an annual basis

54
International Engagement

55
 International Engagement
• ESD leadership conducted focused Decadal Survey telecons/meetings with
international partners
• JAXA, CNES, DLR, ESA, EUMETSAT, CSA
• Further discussions with the broader international community continue
• Discussions are ongoing to explore potential international partnerships
• Some directed international partnerships may originate from ESD
• Multi-center DO studies are engaging potential international partners
• ESD will make final partnership determinations and then codify necessary
international agreements

56
Cross-Benefits of Applications and Research

57
Decadal Survey: “Amplify the Cross-
Benefits of Research and Applications”

“[Programs] with both science and applications elements need to explicitly

identify the connection, and define opportunities to amplify the cross-benefit,
and organization structures and processes need to be adapted when possible
to integrate, rather than segregate, science and operations/applications”

58
 ESD Response to Decadal Survey Statement
to “Amplify the Cross-Benefits of Research
and Applications”
• R&A and Applied Sciences program had meeting on September 23 to share ideas from
groups of HQ program staff on current and potential opportunities for enhanced
interactions
• Foci included both transition of research results towards applications as well as how
applications can help define and/or sharpen questions and activities that can be
carried out by research programs
• Additional internal meeting to be scheduled to complete discussion (including ideas that
could not be discussed in original meeting) and develop a forward plan
• R&A and Applied Sciences programs will also identify any activities where current
activities within their programs might be considered as straddling research and apps.
• R&A and Applied Sciences communications personnel are developing “end-to-end story
ideas” for communicating examples of successful connections and transitions between
research and applications
• Further discussion planned on leading efforts in broader Earth community on this topic 59
2007 Decadal Survey Tier 2

60
 2007-2017 Correspondence Tier 2

• ASCENDS  Potential Explorer Class Observable (wide swath

passive mapper, similar to Sentinel plan) + OCO-2 (2016) and OCO-3
(ISS, 2019)
• ACE  PACE (Climate Initiative, POR, LRD 2022) & ACCP (DS II,
preformulation)
• SWOT – LRD 2022
• HyspIRI  ECOSTRESS (2018), EMIT (ISS, 2024) & SBG (DS II,
preformulation)
• GEO-CAPE  TEMPO (EVI-1, 2020) and GLIMR (EVI-5, NET 2025)

61
What’s Next?

62
 What’s Next?
ESD Leadership Team continues to address additional DS topics

Check the ESD Decadal Survey web page to:

• Find meeting schedules and details
• Ask questions and see answers as they become available
• Review information in previous sets of charts
• https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/decadal-surveys

63
 2020 Community Forums

• Forums will be held from 1-3 p.m. (Eastern)

• WebEx and telecon information, in addition to other updates, will be
posted on the NASA ESD Decadal Survey website
• https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/decadal-surveys
• Next forums slated for:
• March 12, 2020
• July 16, 2020
• Nov. 12, 2020
• For information about future Decadal Survey Community Forums,
please send an email to Amy Treat at [email protected]

64
 Questions Process

• This call is monitored by an operator

• When you join the call, the operator will ask for your name
• When it is time for questions, please press *1 on your phone to indicate to the operator
that you have a question
• The operator will introduce you by name and un-mute your line
• Then you can ask your question and any follow up questions
• When done, the operator will re-mute your line and introduce the next person
• Please also email questions to Amy Treat at [email protected] so we can post
the question and its answer on our website

65
 How to Get Involved
• To join a working group or sign up for updates, send
an email to:
• SBG: [email protected]
• MC: [email protected]
• SDC: [email protected]
• ACCP: [email protected]
• General updates can be found on our website:
https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/decadal-surveys/

66
 Contact Information
Name Email Address Name Email Address
Bob Bauer [email protected] Mike Little [email protected]
Gerald Bawden [email protected] Laura Lorenzoni [email protected]
Bernard Bienstock [email protected] Hank Margolis [email protected]
Bob Connerton [email protected] Hal Maring [email protected]
Brad Doorn [email protected] Vickie Moran [email protected]
Amber Emory [email protected] Jamie Nastal [email protected]
Mitra Dutta [email protected] Ben Phillips [email protected]
Jared Entin [email protected] Paul Rosen [email protected]
Mike Falkowski [email protected] Gail Skofronick- [email protected]
Jackson
Parminder Ghuman [email protected]
Lucia Tsaoussi [email protected]
David Green [email protected]
Woody Turner [email protected]
John Haynes [email protected]
Amanda [email protected]
Barry Lefer [email protected] Whitehurst

67
Backup

68
 Earth Science Technology Highlight:
41 New Technology Development Projects to Begin in FY2020
Industry 22 Advanced Information Systems Technology (AIST) Awards (September 2019)
9% Proposals received: 100. Total funding: ~$28M over two years.
Other / The AIST-18 solicitation sought proposals around two primary thrusts, the Analytic Center Framework (ACF)
FFRDC and the New Observing Strategy (NOS). The ACF thrust is intended to harmonize tools, data, and computing
14%
Academia environments to meet the needs of Earth science investigations. ACF projects will integrate new or previously
45% unlinked datasets, tools, models, and a variety of computing resources together into a common platform to
address previously intractable scientific questions. The NOS thrust provides a framework for identifying
technology advances needed to exploit newly available observational capabilities, including high-quality
NASA
instruments on Smallsats, CubeSats, and commercial space platforms. The NOS projects will develop
Centers
32%
information technologies to support planning, evaluating, implementing, and operating a dynamic set of
observing assets. AIST selections can be found here: http://bit.ly/AIST18_Awards
Industry 11%
Academia Other /
37% FFRDC
19 Instrument Incubator Program (IIP) Awards (October 2019)
5%
Proposals received: 70. Total funding: ~$58M over three-four years.
The IIP-19 solicitation sought instrument concepts as well as development/demonstration projects that
offer the potential for new or improved ways to observe Earth. These new projects will develop smaller,
more affordable instruments, and seek to include novel component technologies and architectures as
well as incorporate onboard intelligence to take advantage of recent strides in algorithm development NASA
and processing power. The IIP selections can be found here: http://bit.ly/IIP-19 Centers
47%

69
Supporting the 2017 Decadal Survey

70
Supporting the 2017 Decadal Survey

71
Mass Change (MC)

72
 MC Workshop Architecture Breakout: Classes
SST
Gravity Gradiometer
• Large trade space includes low-low, high-low, number of
• Technology not quite ready for prime observing system
pairs, orbit planes, altitude, ranging technology,
that meets continuity desire, but should be studied and
accelerometer technology, drag compensation, formations
considered for observing system timeline and technology
• New technology could facilitate advancing the spatial
development road map
resolution (drag compensation)
• Possible tech demo
• Heritage makes it lower risk than other options

SmallSat/CubeSat POD
• “Obvious” solution to increase spatiotemporal resolution • Already available to some extent
• Individual components have high TRL, but need to • Potential “bridging-the-gap” component of a timeline of
assessed. Comment: “components are not an observing observing systems
system.” • Not expected to advance the positioning precision
• Larger system is resistant to systematic errors to an beyond ~1 cm
extent depending on architecture • Potential capabilities of megaconstellations are unknown:
• Is center-of-mass knowledge good enough? Thermal hypothesized that systematic effects still dominate, but
environment? requires a closer look.
• Lower cost and redundant • Lower cost and redundant
• Another funding vehicle? EVC?

73
2007 Decadal Survey Tier 2

74
The Connections Between DS 2007
and DS 2017 Recommendations

ACE – Aerosol, Cloud and ocean Ecosystem (DS 2007)

to
PACE – Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem
(Climate Initiative)
and
ACCP – Aerosol, Cloud, Convection and Precipitation
(DS 2017)

75
 Areas of Connection

• Science Areas/Objectives*
• People/Team Members
• Data
• Measurement campaigns (e.g, RADEX, PODEX, ACEPOL)
• Model data (e.g., GEOS 5 nature runs)
• Sensors
• Instrument concepts/designs*
• Instrument simulators (i.e., for OSSEs)

*see following slides for detail

76
 PACE
Science Areas/Goals • To extend key systematic data records:
• ocean color,
• aerosol, and
ACE • cloud data records
for Earth system and climate studies
• Aerosol Sources, Processes, • To address new and emerging science questions using
Transports and Sinks its advanced instruments, surpassing the capabilities of
• Direct Aerosol Radiative Forcing previous and current missions
• Aerosol-Cloud Interactions
• Cloud Morphology, Microphysics,
Energetics
• Ocean Biology/Color ACCP
• Ocean-Aerosol Interactions
• Cloud Feedbacks
• Storm Dynamics
• Cold Cloud and Precipitation
• Aerosol Processes
indicates partial connection • Aerosol Impacts on Radiation

77
 PACE
Sensor Concepts
• Ocean Color Instrument (GSFC)
• Multi-angle Polarimeter
• SPEXone (SRON)
ACE • HARP (UMBC)

• Multi-angle Imaging Polarimeter

• Lidar (HSRL)
• Multi-frequency Doppler Cloud Radar ACCP
• Ocean Ecosystem Spectrometer
• Multi-angle Imaging Polarimeter
• Lidar (HSRL and/or Backscatter)
• Multi-frequency Doppler Cloud-
Precipitation Radar
• Microwave Radiometer
• Other Contributed Sensors
• Suborbital Measurements

78
The Connections Between DS 2007
and DS 2017 Recommendations

GRACE-II - (DS 2007)

to

MC – Mass Change (DS 2017)

79
 Mass Change in recent ESAS Decadal Surveys and NASA reports

2007 Decadal Survey 2010 NASA Climate Architecture Report 2017 Decadal Survey
• GRACE-II included among Missions • GRACE-FO included among Climate • Mass Change Mission included among
Recommended to NASA, as a Tier 3 Continuity Missions five Designated Observables
mission that advances the capability of • “This plan provides for the development and • Climate, Hydrology, and Solid Earth panels
GRACE to a spatial resolution of 100 km launch of selected, high-priority climate data recommended Mass Change Mission
• Climate, Water Resources, and Solid Earth continuity measurements whose importance
panels recommended GRACE-II • Continuity of data record identified as the
has become clearer since the release of the
“Basis for Being Foundational”:
• Importance of continuity is established: 2007 Earth Science Decadal Survey.”
“Any gap in coverage between GRACE “Ensures continuity of measurements of
• Plan includes the “Development of a
and GRACE-II will disrupt the time series ground water and water storage mass
GRACE-FO mission as a gap-filler between
of observations, complicating its change, land ice contributions to sea level
the operating GRACE and the
interpretation.” rise, ocean mass change, ocean heat
recommended higher-capability GRACE-II
content (when combined with altimetry),
Decadal Survey Tier 3 mission.”
glacial isostatic adjustment, and
earthquake mass movement.”
80
 Gravity/Mass Change Missions
Past observations Continuity of Continuity of
observations observations

?
GRACE GRACE−FO Mass Change DO

2002 2009 2013 2017 2018 2023 202X

GOCE NGGM
Concept

Sustained observations at
higher resolution

81
 The Connections Between DS 2007
and DS 2017 Recommendations
HyspIRI – Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (DS 2007)
to
ECOSTRESS – Ecosystem Spaceborne Thermal
Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (EVI-2)
and
EMIT – Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation
(EVI-4)
and
SBG – Surface Biology and Geology (DS 2017)
82
 Areas of Connection
• Science Areas/Objectives*
• People/Team Members
• Data
• Airborne measurement campaigns (e.g., HyspIRI
Preparatory CA, HyspIRI Preparatory HI, AVIRIS-NG
in India & Europe, HyTES in Europe)
• Sensors
• Instrument concepts/designs/development (e.g.,
ESTO)*
• Hardware development
*see following slides for detail
83
 ECOSTRESS/EMIT
Science Areas/Goals
• Coastal Ocean Surface Temperature
• Plant Water, Evapotranspiration (ET), Fire Monitoring
HyspIRI • Volcano Monitoring and Potential Forecasts through T

• Land Surface Vegetation and • Surface Minerology, Mineral Dust in Radiative Forcing
Ecosystem Composition
• Mineral Characterization
• Drought and Fire Susceptibility
• Volcano Detection, Monitoring,
and (Potentially) Forecasts
• Coastal Ocean Biology/Color/T SBG
• Soil Composition
• Land Vegetation, Ecosystem Composition
• Volcano Detection, Monitoring, Forecasts(?)
• Coastal Biology/Color/Temperature
• Soil Composition
• Mineral Characterization
• Drought, ET, Fire Susceptibility and Monitoring
84
 ECOSTRESS/EMIT
Sensor Concepts • Multispectral TIR Imager (ECOSTRESS)
• VSWIR Imaging Spectrometer (EMIT)

HyspIRI
• Visible to Shortwave Infrared (VSWIR)
Imaging Spectrometer
• Multispectral Thermal Infrared (TIR) SBG
Imager
• VSWIR Imaging Spectrometer(s)
• Multispectral (or Hyperspectral)
TIR Imager(s)

85
The Connections Between DS 2007
and DS 2017 Recommendations
ASCENDS – (DS 2007)
to
OCO-2 – Ecosystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer
Experiment on Space Station (EVI-2)
and
OCO-3 – Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source
Investigation (EVI-4)
and
Explorer – Surface Biology and Geology (DS 2017)
86