Adolescence-Symbolizes the crossing over of the developmental stage from childhood
Age definitions of adolescence
Corpus ftal feist an Rosenberg
Early adolescence 10-13 11-12
Middle adolescence 14-16 -
Late adolescence 17-20 18(also termed as –
Erik erikson
-covers the entire lifespan
-psychosocial stages
-unique
Social interaction
-most important force driving human behaviour and personality development
Tabula rasa
-A mind not yet affected by experiences, impressions,etc
Respond adaptively
-acquire strengths needed for next developmental stage
Respond maladaptively-less likely to be able to adapt later problems
Developmental stages
1. Trust vs mistrust
Infancy birth to 18mths
Mothers/caregivers
Feeding (important events)
-dependability and quality of the child’s caregivers
VIRTUE OF HOPE
-tempered by some caution that danger maybe present
2. Autonomy vs shame and doubt
Toddlerhood 18mth-3yrsold
Parents/caregivers
Toilet training (important events)
-starting to perform basic actions on their own making simple decisions
VIRTUE OF WILL
-children can act with intention, within reasons and limits
LIBIDO-SEX DRIVE
3. Initiative vs guilt
Early childhood 3y-5y
Parents/teachers
Exploration(important events)
-begin to assert power and control over the world through directing play
VIRTUE OF PURPOSE
-ideal balance of individual initiative and a willingness to work with others
4. Industry vs inferiority
Midlle and late childhood 6y-12y
Parents and teachers
-begin to develop sense of pride in accomplishments and abilities
VIRTUE OF COMPETENCE
-our own abilities to handle the tasks set before us
5. Hentity vs role confusion
Adolescence 12y-20y
Teachers/significant others
Social relationships (important events)
-developing a sense of personal identity that will influence ones behaviour
IDENTITY-concept of an individual about the self molded through various interactive experiences
ROLES (form as a part of self-identity)
-birth order
-social standing
-occupation
ROLE CONFUSION
-negation of self-idendity
-affects an individuals relationship with others
VIRTUE OF FIDELITY
-ones ability to live freely by the society’s standard and expectations
6. Intimacy vs isolation
Adulthood (20s-30s)
Friends
Relationships (important events)
- A strong sense of personal identity was important for developing intimate relationship
VIRTUE OF LOVE
-ability to form lasting, meaningful relationships with other people
7. Generativity vs stagnation
Middle adulthood (40s-50s)
Community
Work and parenthood
-adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them
VIRTUE OF CARE
-being proud of your accomplishments
-watching children grow into adults
-developing a sense of unity with partner
8. Integrity vs despair
Late adulthood
Community
Reflection of life (important events)
-people look back on the events of their lives, are they happy or regretful in their lives
VIRTUE OF WISDOM
-achieved when one is looking back with few regrets a general feeling of satisfaction
Our coping with STRESS
Stress-mind and bodys reaction to a stimulus that disturbs the balance in our body system
ASSOCIATED WITH
Physical state
Mental state
Three views in understanding stress
Stimulus
Response
Relational
(feist and Rosenberg)
External stressors internal stressors
Physical environment lifestyle choices
Social interaction negative self-talk
Organisational mind traps
Major life events personality traits
Daily hassles
ASSTIMULUS
Caused by life situations- threatening or motivating
1. Distress
Negative stress
Acute stress
Short term stress
Our bodies are good at handling episodes of acute stress
Chronic stress
Long term stress
Our bodies aren’t so good at handling chronic stress
2. Eustress
Positive stress
Stress that is short and sporadic can boost a person to a necessary action which is beneficial
3. Hyper stress
Overloaded/overworked
4. Hypo stress
Unchallenged/uninspired
ASRESPONSE
Our bodys way to react with challenging situations
HPA AXIS
HYPOTHALAMIC
PITUITARY OUR BODIES CENTRAL STRESS RESPONSE SYSTEM
ADRENAL
AXIS
Hypothalamus- bodys thermostat
Pituitary gland- “master” gland of endocrine system
Adrenal gland-produce “fight or flight” hormone
Alarm-stress hormones-body-wide changes
Stressor
CRH- CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE
ACTH- ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE
