Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF LAOAG CITY

WHOLE BRAIN LEARNING SYSTEM

OUTCOME-BASED EDUCATION

10
TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

AUTOMOTIVE MECHANICS

LEARNING QUARTER 1

MODULE WEEK 6

WBLS-OBE Curriculum Guide Self-Learning Module TVE Auto-Mechanics 10

 MODULE IN
AUTOMOTIVE MECHANICS 10

QUARTER I
WEEK 6
DAY 1-5
Gas Engine Tune-up
Development Team
Writer: Reginald A. Valencia
Editor: Emily C. Bumanglag Liezl R. Quitoriano
Reviewer: Romeo G. Uganiza Joseph C. Salvador
Lay-out Artist: Bryll B. Atienza
Management Team:
Vilma D. Eda Arnel S. Bandiola
Lourdes B. Arucan Juanito V. Labao
Marju R. Miguel

WBLS-OBE Curriculum Guide Self-Learning Module TVE Auto-Mechanics 10

 What I Need to Know

This learning material was prepared to help you achieve the required competency,
in Tuning Up Gasoline Engine. This will be source of information for you to acquire the
knowledge and skills in this particular trade independently and your own pace with
minimum supervision or help from your instructor.
Tasks to do:

Inspect/Test
spark plug

What I Know

PRE-TEST

Direction: Read and analyze the items carefully. Choose the letter of the correct
answer and write it on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What engine part powers a distributor?

A. crankshaft B. camshaft
C. counterweight D. connecting rod

2. What is the purpose of secondary ignition system?

A. distributes current B. distribute voltage
C. increases current D. increase voltage

3. Which item is a part of the primary ignition system?

A. sparkplug B. ignition switch
C. high tension wire D. rotor

4. The ignition coil increases_______.

A. voltage B. capacitance
C. current D. resistance

5. What “turns on” the ignition system?

A. ignition coil B. battery
C. ignition switch D. sparkplug
3

WBLS-OBE Curriculum Guide Self-Learning Module TVE Auto-Mechanics 10

LESSON
6 Inspect/Test spark plug

What’s In

What do you see in the picture above?

_______________________________________________

What is the function of these in an engine?

________________________________________

Where are these parts located in an engine?

__________________________________________________________________

WBLS-OBE Curriculum Guide Self-Learning Module TVE Auto-Mechanics 10

 What’s New

Parts and Functions of Sparkplug

WBLS-OBE Curriculum Guide Self-Learning Module TVE Auto-Mechanics 10

 What is It

Removing Spark Plug

1. Remove the cables from each plug, being careful not to pull on the cables.
Instead, grasp the boot and twist it off gently.
2. Using a spark plug socket and ratchet, loosen each plug a couple of turns.
3. Use compressed air to blow the dirt away from the base of the plug.
4. Remove the plugs, making sure to remove the gasket as well (if applicable).

Inspecting the Spark Plug

Once the spark plugs have been removed, it is important to “read” them . In other
words, inspect them closely, noting in particular any deposits on the plug and the degree
of electrode erosion. A plug in a good working condition can still have minimal deposits
on it. They are usually light tan and gray in color. However, there should be no evidence
of electrode burning, and the increase of the air gap should be no more than 0.001for
every 10,000 miles of engine operation. A plug that exceeds this wear should be replaced
and the cause of excessive wear repaired.
It is possible to diagnose a variety of engine conditions by examining the firing
ends of the spark plugs. If an engine is in good shape, they should all look alike.
Whenever plugs from different cylinders look different, a problem exists somewhere in
the engine or its systems.

Spark Duration Testing

Spark duration is measured in milliseconds, using the millisecond sweep of the
oscillator. Most vehicles have a spark duration of approximately 1.5 milliseconds. A
spark duration of approximately 0.8 millisecond is too short to provide complete
combustion. A short spark is also increases pollution and power loss. If the spark
duration is too long (approximately 2.0 milliseconds) the spark plug electrodes might wear
prematurely. When the oscillator shows a long spark duration, it normally follow a short
firing line, which may indicate a fouled spark plug, low compression, or a spark plug with
a narrow gap.

Spark duration is normally measured two times – during engine cranking and
engine running.

WBLS-OBE Curriculum Guide Self-Learning Module TVE Auto-Mechanics 10

 What’s More

Cranking Test. When a vehicle is experiencing a no start, or hard start condition,

perform a spark duration cranking test. This test also helps identify potential future
problems by indicating a borderline condition.

Running Test. The running tests measures spark duration while the engine is running
at a specific rpm.

Coil Polarity. Less voltage is required to fire the spark plugs with proper coil polarity.
If the coil polarity is reversed, 20 to 40 percent more voltage is needed to fire the spark
plugs. If the coil polarity is correct, the firing lines of the display pattern extend upward.
If the polarity is reversed, the firing lines extend downward. If reverse polarity is
indicated, check the coil primary connections. They are probably reversed.

What I Can Do

Do the following on your sheet of paper.

1. Enumerate the steps of removing the sparkplug from the engine
2. Draw and label the sparkplug

WBLS-OBE Curriculum Guide Self-Learning Module TVE Auto-Mechanics 10

 What I Have Learned

List the function of the following sparkplug parts. Write your answers on a separate sheet.

Ground Electrode
Terminal pin
Insulator
Insulator tip
Ribs

Assessment

POST TEST

Direction: Read and analyze the items carefully. Choose the letter of the correct
answer and write it on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What “turns on” the ignition system?

A. ignition coil B. battery
C. ignition switch D. sparkplug
2. The ignition coil increases_______
A. voltage B. capacitance
C. current D. resistance
3. Which item is a part of the primary ignition system?
A. sparkplug B. ignition switch
C. high tension wire D. rotor
4. What is the purpose of secondary ignition system?
A. distributes current B. distribute voltage
C. increases current D. increase voltage
5. What engine part powers a distributor?
A. crankshaft B. camshaft
C. counterweight D. connecting rod

WBLS-OBE Curriculum Guide Self-Learning Module TVE Auto-Mechanics 10

TVE Auto-Mechanics 10 Self-Learning Module Curriculum Guide WBLS-OBE
9
What I have learned
Features high resistance to burn-off and optimum
Ground Electrode
thermal conductivity.
Made of steel wire resistant to vibrations. Its lower
part is designed for connection with the seal, the
Terminal pin
upper part is used for the attachment of high voltage
inlet.
High content of aluminum oxide, ensures a high
Insulator insulation resistance, good thermal conductivity and
mechanical strength.
It facilitates regulation of heat removal from the
Insulator tip
combustion area.
Extends surface trajectory for eliminating any surface
Ribs
discharges.
Assessment
POST TEST
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. B
What I can do What I know
PRETEST
1. Remove the cables from each plug, being careful not to pull on the cables. 1. B
Instead, grasp the boot and twist it off gently. 2. D
2. Using a spark plug socket and ratchet, loosen each plug a couple of turns. 3. B
3. Use compressed air to blow the dirt away from the base of the plug. 4. A
4. Remove the plugs, making sure to remove the gasket as well. 5. C
Answer Key
References

Erjavec, Jack and Robert Scharff, Automotive Technology, A System Approach, 2nd
Edition

Crouse, W.H. and Anglin, D.L., Automotive Mechanics, 10th Ed.,

Santos, G.N. and Lebron G.B., Chemistry.

Kowels, Don, Basic Automotive Service and Maintenance

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Laoag City

Curriculum Implementation Division
Brgy. 23 San Matias, Laoag City, 2900
Contact Number: (077)-771-3678
Email Address: [email protected]

10

WBLS-OBE Curriculum Guide Self-Learning Module TVE Auto-Mechanics 10