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Soil Grain Size Distribution Analysis

The document describes procedures to determine the grain size distribution of a soil sample through sieve analysis. Over 1000g of soil was sieved using a series of sieves and the mass retained and passing each sieve was recorded. Calculations were done to determine percentages finer, cumulative percentages, and particle size distribution curves were plotted. Based on the results, the soil was classified as poorly graded sand according to the USCS system.

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KAMLESH LAHA
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15 views3 pages

Soil Grain Size Distribution Analysis

The document describes procedures to determine the grain size distribution of a soil sample through sieve analysis. Over 1000g of soil was sieved using a series of sieves and the mass retained and passing each sieve was recorded. Calculations were done to determine percentages finer, cumulative percentages, and particle size distribution curves were plotted. Based on the results, the soil was classified as poorly graded sand according to the USCS system.

Uploaded by

KAMLESH LAHA
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Objective:

 To determine the grain size distribution of given sail sample.


 To classify the soil into different categories based on its nature and characteristics.

Procedures:
1. A bowl was taken and the weight of empty bowl was measured.
2. Approximately, 1000gm of soil was taken in a bowl and weighed.
3. Standard sieves were taken along with pan and their empty weight are measured and
recorded.
4. The sieves were stacked such that the sieve with largest opening is on the top, the
smallest on the bottom and pan on the very bottom of the stack.
5. The soil already weighed was poured into the top of the sieve stack and the the stack was
covered with lid.
6. The stack was placed in a shaker and shook for 5 minutes.
7. Stack was removed from the shaker and the weight of each sieve (along with the retained
soil) was measured and recorded, the weight of pan was also taken.
8. The mass and percent passing through each sieve were calculated.
9. The grain size distribution curve was plotted with % passing on the y-axis and the sieve
diameter (log scale) on x-axis.

Data Table:
Inittial Weight of soil taken (M 0 )= 1000 g
Table 1: Data Collection for Sieve Analysis

Sieve Sieve
US Sieve Mass Mass + Mass Mass
Siev Opening Empty ME Soil Mass Retained Passing Cumulative
e# (mm) (g) MS (g) MR (g) MP (g) % finer
4 4.75 498.8 498.8 0 985.4 100.00
10 2 463 463.5 0.5 984.9 99.95
30 0.6 406.4 422.7 16.3 968.6 98.30
60 0.25 343.5 1168.5 825 143.6 14.57
100 0.15 347.4 459.6 112.2 31.4 3.19
200 0.075 297.5 328.4 30.9 0.5 0.05
pan 354.5 355 0.5 0 0.00

Percentage of soil lost = 1.46% < 2% (ok)


Since the percentage of soil lost during the test is less than 2%, so test is ok and no need to rerun
the sieve analysis.
Sample Calculations:
Final mass of soil (M f )=∑ M R=0+0.5+16.3+ 825+112.2+30.9+0.5=98 5.4 g

For sieve size #60


M R =mass retained=M S −M E =1168.55−343.5=825 g

M P =mass of soil passing=112.2+ 30.9+ 0.5=143.6 g

MP 143.6
Cumulative Finer= ∗100 %= =100 %=14.5 7 %
final mass of soil 98 5.4

|
Percentage of soil lost¿
M0 |
M f −M 0
∗100 %= |
985.4−1000
1000 |
∗100 %=1.46 % <2 %

Particle Size Distribution Curve

Figure 1: Particle Size distribution curve

From particle size distribution curve


D10=0.22 mm
D30=0.30 mm
D60=0.40 mm

D60 0.4
C u= = =1.82
D10 0.22
2
( D30) 0.3 2
C c= = =1.02
D10∗D60 0.22∗0.4

Coarse-grained soil classification


AASHTO → A-1-b (Granular Materials) poorly graded
USCS → SP (Poorly graded sand)

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