HUMAN ECOLOGY AND
FAMILY SCIENCES
PROJECT
PERCEPTION OF TWO ADOLECENCE
AND TWO ADULTS REGARDING THEIR
PERCEPTION OF PERSONS WITH
SPECIAL NEEDS
Aim
Visit to the neighbouring areas and interviews with two adolescents. and two adults
regarding their perception of persons with special needs.
Identify two adolescents and two adults in the neighbourhood and interview them, using
the given interview schedule, about their perceptions of persons with special needs.
Introduction to disability
A special needs child is a youth who has been determined to require special attention and
specific necessities that other children do not. The state may declare this status for the
purpose of offering benefits and assistance for the child's well-being and growth.
Some of the most common known causes of intellectual disability include fetal alcohol
syndrome; genetic and chromosomal conditions, such as Down syndrome and fragile X
syndrome; and certain infections during pregnancy. Children who have a sibling with autism
are at a higher risk of also having autism spectrum disorder. It can be genetic
types of disabilities
1. Physical – muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, chronic asthma, epilepsy, etc.
2. Developmental – down syndrome, autism, dyslexia, processing disorders
3. Behavioral/Emotional – ADD, bi-polar, oppositional defiance disorder, etc.
4. Sensory Impaired – Blind, visually impaired, deaf, limited hearing
5. Learning disabilities dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia
Students with disability have a right to:
Choose whether to disclose their disability to the provider and/or staff
Be consulted about their needs
Enrol in courses and programs on the same basis as other students
Participate in courses and programs (including relevant supplementary programs)
Use services and facilities offered by the provider, including student support
services, on the same basis as other students
Access specialised services without which they would not be able to participate
Reasonable adjustments necessary to meet individual needs
An environment that is free from discrimination – either direct or indirect –
harassment or victimisation
Be treated with dignity and respect
Contribute in a meaningful way to the development and review of institutional
policies, procedures and practices affecting their lives
Be given the opportunity to develop skills that will enable them to obtain maximum
benefit from the educational opportunities available to them.
Nutrition for children with special needs
Diet is one area that can be modified relatively easily. Sometimes dietary changes are
necessary due to allergies or celiac disease, and sometimes families choose a new diet for
overall improvements in health. Eg gluten free diet, GAPS diets
You will also want to use the right equipment:
Spoon size should match the size of the child's mouth.
Coated spoons are great for infants or children who bite down hard onto a spoon.
Sectioned plates or small bowls with a lip on the sides to help self-feeders.
"Sporks"—a combined spoon and fork utensil—are also helpful.
Sippy cups or mugs with handles for self-feeders.
Activities and it’s importance for children with special needs
Children with disabilities or special needs can benefit greatly from certain kinds of activities.
For children in their first three years, laying a great foundation can be a key for improving
growth and development. The best choices include activities that support developing motor
skills, learning independence, and increasing physical activity. By choosing appropriate
activities you can help your little one gain the most benefit from learning experiences. Many
kids with special needs require help developing their motor skills. When playing outside,
your little one can develop gross motor skills engaging in games like Simon Says or dancing.
Those games that use the whole body encourage balance and coordination while also
helping children to improve their ability to follow directions and enhancing their attention
span.
Care for children with special needs
Raising or caring for a child with special needs is far from easy. However, along with the
frustration and feelings of isolation comes the incredibly rewarding experience of watching
your child grow, learn, and achieve new milestones—even if they are sometimes delayed.
Therefore it’s crucial to Understand the Diagnosis. One needs to have a crystal clear
understanding of your child's diagnosis. Know Your Caregiving Team Lead. Understand the
Child's Special Needs. Identify there Strengths. Don't Try To Do It Alone.
Methodology
I began the process by reading chapter 9 in the NCERT book of Human Ecology and Family
Science which is based on the needs and rights of children suffering with special needs. I
also referred to multiple articles on the internet which helped me understand the topic
better.
After completing my research I came up with an interview schedule which contained
questions based on awareness, observation , social acceptance.
I then identified two adults and two adolescents to interview. They were first briefed about
the format and instructions related to the interview, and then were asked to fill the
questionnaire which consisted of M C Q based questions.
When I received the answers I clubbed them together in there respective groups and taking
in consideration the opinions of both adults and children separately I came up with the
results of the interview
Result and analysis
I interviewed 2 adults and 2 adolescents.
FIRST ADOLESCENT
Name:
Age:
PHOTO
Description: WHAT SHE IS DOING
SECOND ADOLESCENT
Name :
Age :
PHOTO
Description:
FIRST ADULT
Name :
Age :
PHOTO
Description:
SECOND ADULT
Name :
Age :
PHOTO
Description:
Awareness about these disabilities
According to the interview I conducted people who did not have a psychological background
or had never studies psychology in the past did not know a lot about children suffering from
special needs. There concepts were mostly based on false information and non realistic
ideals set by society. The fake information provided in movies and tv shows had a huge
impact on them. The people who had psychological background also spoke to the same.
They said that it is crucial to inform and educate people about these issues as it can help a
lot at school level. Many schools do not take into consideration the rights of these children
as they are not aware of the problem.
All the people I interviewed believed that these kids should have a social place in society
and should not be left out for the social just because of there disabilities. They all agreed
that it’s is exceptionally hard to raise a kid with special needs specially when sociality treats
them as a burden. Even though if provided with the right care they all can be real assets.
Conclusion
The survey found that there are children with special needs in mainstream classes. ... To
achieve good educational outcomes for children with special needs it is important to
develop a systematic network between school and experts such as medical doctors and
educational professionals.
References
-Human ecology family sciences home science
- Internet
The Interview Schedule
Instructions:
Read out the instructions before starting the questions.
Introduction: I am a student of Class XII. We are conducting interviews with the public
regarding their views about persons with disability. Please assist by answering the questions
below:
Awareness based questions(1,3,5,8,9,13)
Personal question(2,11,15,16,20)
Opinion based questions (4,6,7,17)
Social environment based questions (12,14,18,19)
Interview questions
1. What do you understand by learning disabilities?
-children who face trouble in learning chapters
-problems like dyslexia,adhd,dysgraphia
-problems like autism,Rhett,Down syndrome
2. Do you know someone who suffers from learning disability?
-Yes
-No
-Maybe
3. Do you understand the difference between different type of learning disabilities?
-Yes
-No
-Maybe
4. Do you think cbse provides help to children suffering from a learning disability?
-Yes
-No
-Maybe
Any suggestions
5. Are you aware of the difference between Special Needs and Learning Disabilities?
-Yes
-No
-Maybe
6. Do you think children’s with special needs require a special diet
-yes
-they should just be healthy
-they don’t need to pay any attention to the diet
7. Do you think people suffering from learning disabilities cannot take up all professions
eg scientist?
-Yes
-No
-Other
8. Do you believe food can cause learning disabilities
-yes
-no
-they are genetic
9. How do learning disabilities get diagnosed?
-Teachers
-Psychiatrically
-Tests
10. Do you think we are aware of the activity required to better ones conditions And can
these activities be done at home
-yes but they can’t be done at home
-yes and they can be done at home
-no
11. Do Activities conducted to better the conditions of a child suffering from special
needs need a doctor present?
-yes
-no
-they need special care (not by a doctor)
12. Do you think children with special needs negatively interfere with there siblings growth?
-Yes
-No
-Sometimes
13. Are these disabilities genetic or develop over time?
-Genetic
-Developed over time
-Both
14. Do you think these disabilities can effect the mental health of the parents?
-Yes
-No
-Sometimes
15. Do you think people are reflection of there parents?
-Yes
-No
-Maybe
16. Would you want a kid suffering from disability?
-Yes
-No
-Maybe
17. Do you think kids with learning disabilities should be aloud in regular school?
-Yes
-No
-Maybe
18. Do you thing children with learning disabilities should have quota in collage?
-yes
-no
-depends
19. Do you think children with special needs should not be allowed to take difficult subjects
like science and math
-They should be allowed
-They should not be allowed
-Depends on if they want to study.
20. How do you suggest help someone with a learning disability to learn better?
