Robin is the alias of several superheroes appearing in American comic books
published by DC Comics. The character was originally created by Bob Kane, Bill
Finger, and Jerry Robinson, to serve as a junior counterpart and the sidekick to
the superhero Batman. As a team, Batman and Robin have commonly been referred to as
the Caped Crusaders and the Dynamic Duo.[1] The character's first incarnation, Dick
Grayson, debuted in Detective Comics #38 (April 1940). Conceived as a way to
attract young readership, Robin garnered overwhelmingly positive critical
reception, doubling the sales of the Batman titles.[2] Robin's early adventures
included Star Spangled Comics #65–130 (1947–1952), the character's first solo
feature. He made regular appearances in Batman-related comic books and other DC
Comics publications from 1940 through the early 1980s, until the character set
aside the Robin identity and became the independent superhero Nightwing.
The character's second incarnation, Jason Todd, first appeared in Batman #357
(1983). He made regular appearances in Batman-related comic books until 1988, when
he was murdered by the Joker in the storyline "A Death in the Family" (1989). Jason
later found himself alive after a reality-changing incident, eventually becoming
the Red Hood. The premiere Robin limited series was published in 1991, featuring
the character's third incarnation, Tim Drake, training to earn the role of Batman's
vigilante partner. After two successful sequels, the monthly Robin series began in
1993 and ended in early 2009, which also helped his transition from sidekick to a
superhero in his own right. In 2004 storylines, established DC Comics character
Stephanie Brown became the fourth Robin for a short time before the role reverted
to Tim Drake. Damian Wayne succeeds Drake as Robin in the 2009 story arc "Battle
for the Cowl."