Project Synopsis on

Automatic Room
Light Controller
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement

For the Degree of

Bachelor of Technology
In

Computer Science and Engineering (IOT)

By
Akhilesh Yadav (2102901550004)
Manish Yadav (2102901550022)

Under the Supervision of

Dr. Arpita Gupta
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science Engineering-IoT

ABES INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GHAZIABAD

AFFILIATED TO
Dr A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, UTTAR PRADESH,
LUCKNOW
(ODD SEM, 2024-25)

1
 Contents

Chapter Contents Page no

no.

1 Abstract 3

2 Introduction 4

3 Literature Survey 5

4 Problem Statement 9

5 Proposed Methodology 10

6 Conclusion 12

7 References 13

2
 Abstract

It can be used to turn ON and OFF the lighting system of the home automatically by detecting the presence of
humans. This system can be used in garages, classrooms, staircases, bathrooms, etc. where there is no need for
continuous light but only when there is a human. Also, there is no need to worry about electricity bills as the
lights get OFF when there is no human and hence one needs to pay the bills as peruse. The main components
used in this system are Arduino Uno, PIR, and Relay Module. Out of these components, the operation of the
system mainly depends on the PIR sensor which helps in detecting human presence.

Keywords: Arduino Uno, PIR sensor, Relay, Room light

3
 Introduction

An automatic room light controller is a smart system designed to enhance convenience, energy
efficiency, and comfort within a space. This innovative device uses sensors and technology to detect
ambient light levels and human presence, automatically adjusting the lighting accordingly. By
seamlessly managing the illumination, it optimizes energy consumption and provides convenience by
eliminating the need for manual switching.

Typically, these controllers utilize sensors like Passive Infrared (PIR) or ultrasonic sensors to detect
motion or occupancy, while light sensors gauge the ambient light levels. When someone enters a room
or when natural light diminishes, the controller triggers the lights to turn on, and conversely, when the
room is vacant or ample natural light is available, it signals the lights to switch off or dim.

4
 Literature Survey

S.no Title Author’s name Year Technology Gap Analysis

1 "Design and Anandhi S., et 2017 Arduino, PIR Lacks
Implementation al. sensors, IR integration
of Automatic sensors with energy-
Room Light efficient LED
Controller with lighting
Visitor systems
Counter"
2 "Smart Room Lee J., Kim S. 2018 Raspberry Pi, Limited
Light Control PIR sensors, scalability for
System Using Wi-Fi larger spaces
Occupancy communication
Sensor"
3 "IoT-Based Rahman M., et 2020 ESP8266, LDR, Absence of
Automatic al. Ultrasonic real-time
Room Lighting sensors monitoring and
Control System control via
Using Light mobile app
Dependent
Resistor and
Ultrasonic
Sensor"
4 "Enhanced Gupta A., 2019 Arduino, Lack of
Automatic Singh V. Bluetooth, integration
Room Light Android App with advanced
Control System user
Using preferences
Bluetooth and
Android
Application"

5
 Problem Statement

"In traditional lighting systems, manual control of room lights often leads to unnecessary energy
consumption, inconvenience, and suboptimal lighting conditions. The absence of an automated solution
that intelligently adjusts lighting based on occupancy and ambient light levels results in inefficiencies,
increased electricity usage, and reduced user convenience.

The lack of a sophisticated system that seamlessly integrates sensors to detect occupancy and ambient
light, and subsequently controls room lighting without human intervention, poses significant challenges.
Current systems often fail to adapt to varying room conditions, leading to wasted energy and
discomfort.

Addressing these challenges requires the development and implementation of an automatic room light
controller that efficiently manages lighting based on real-time occupancy detection and ambient light
levels. Such a system must intelligently switch lights on or off, dim them when sufficient natural light is
available, and cater to individual preferences while optimizing energy usage. Moreover, there's a need
for an affordable, scalable, and user-friendly solution that can be seamlessly integrated into existing
infrastructures to enhance energy efficiency, convenience, and overall user experience."

This problem statement emphasizes the inefficiencies of manual lighting control and the need for an
automated system that not only responds to occupancy and light levels but also considers user
preferences while optimizing energy consumption.

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 Proposed Methodology

1. Requirement Analysis:

 Identify user requirements and preferences regarding lighting control.

 Determine the scope and specifications of the automatic room light controller.

2. Sensor Selection and Integration:

 Choose appropriate sensors such as Passive Infrared (PIR), ultrasonic, or light-dependent resistors
(LDRs) to detect occupancy and ambient light levels.
 Integrate selected sensors into the system to provide real-time data.

3. Microcontroller/Processor Selection:

 Choose a suitable microcontroller or processor (e.g., Arduino, Raspberry Pi) to process sensor data and
control lighting.

4. Lighting System Integration:

 Integrate the controller with the lighting system, allowing it to switch lights on/off, dim or adjust
brightness levels.

5. Algorithm Development:

 Develop algorithms to analyze sensor data and make intelligent decisions regarding lighting control.
 Implement logic to factor in occupancy, ambient light levels, and user preferences to optimize lighting.

7
Circuit Diagram

8
Work Flow Diagram

9
 Conclusion

"In summary, the development of an automatic room light controller marks a transformative stride in modern
lighting systems. By harnessing the power of advanced sensors, intelligent algorithms, and user-centric design,
this innovation redefines the way we interact with and manage room illumination.

This solution not only addresses the inefficiencies of traditional manual control but also significantly contributes
to energy conservation. Through seamless automation, the controller optimizes energy usage by intelligently
adjusting lighting based on occupancy and ambient light levels, aligning with sustainability efforts and cost-
effective practices.

Moreover, the integration of user-friendly interfaces empowers occupants to tailor lighting preferences,
enhancing comfort and convenience within living or working spaces. The ability to customize settings and
automate lighting tasks reduces the burden of manual operation, offering a hassle-free and enjoyable experience.

10
References

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