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Important Note: 1. On completing your answers, compulsorily draw diagonal eross lines on the remaining blank pages.
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G88 SCRE
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[| Ul | ] | 18ECS3
Time:
5 a. Derive the expression for figure of m
Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Feb./Mar. 2022
Principles of Communication Systems
23 hrs. Max. Marks: 100
Note: Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing ONE full question from each module.
Module-1,
Write an AM wave expression in time domain and in frequency domain. Draw AM
waveform, (07 Marks)
With neat diagram, explain the demodulation of AM wave using envelope detector.
(08 Marks)
‘An audio frequency signal M(t) ~ § sin 2x (10°) is used to amplitude modulate a carrier of
C(t) = 100 sin 2x (10°)t. Assume modulation index 1 = 0.4. Find: i) Sideband frequencies
ii) Amplitude of each sideband iii) Bandwidth iv) Total power delivered to a load of
100) Find efficiency of AM wave, assume R = 10. (05 Marks)
OR
‘xplain the generation of DSBSC wave using a Ring modulator. (10 Marks)
‘xplain with a neat diagram, the working of Quadrature Carrier Multiplexing (QAM),
(08 Marks)
An AM signal with a carrier of 1kW has 200W in each sideband. What is the percentage of
modulation? (@2 Marks)
Module-2
Define angle modulation. Derive the FM wave expression in time domait
Define the following terms
i) Modulation index
ii) _ Prequency deviation
iii) Bandwidth (07 Marks)
A FM wave is represented by the equation V = 10 sin [5 x 10% + 4 sin 1250.
Find: i) Carrier frequency and modulating frequency ii) Modulation index and frequency
deviation ii) Bandwidth using Carson’s rule. (05 Marks)
(08 Marks)
OR
Write the basic block diagram of PLL. Derive the expression for non-linear model of PLL.
(10 Marks)
Explain the direct method of generating FM wave using Hartley oscillator with relevant
equations and diagram. (06 Marks)
Write the Narrowband FM and wideband FM expression. (04 Marks)
M 3
of an AM receivers using envelope detection,
(10 Marks)
Explain the noisy receiver model with neat diagram. Explain briefly the figure of merit.
(06 Marks)
Explain the noise equivalent bandwidth with relevant equation. (04 Marks)
1of2 i
18ECS3
oR
6 a. Derive the expression for Figure Of Merit (FOM) for DSBSC receiver. (10 Marks)
b. Explain the use of pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circuit in an FM system, (06 Marks)
¢. Define the white noise. Briefly explain the power spectral density and autocorrelation
function of white noise. (04 Marks)
Module-4
7 a. State sampling theorem. Write the mathematical form of sampled signal and explain the
steps to reconstruct the signal g(t) from the sequence of sample value. (10 Marks)
Explain the concept of TDM with a neat block diagram. (06 Marks)
©. What is aperture effect? Briefly explain how to overcome this effect. (04 Marks)
oR
8 a. Briefly explain the following pulse modulation with waveform:
i) PAM ii) PWM iii) PPM. (09 Marks)
b. With neat block diagram, explain the generation of PPM wave. (05 Marks)
©. Explain the following terms:
i) Under sampling
ii) Over sampling
iii) Nyquist rate, (06 Marks)
Module-5
9 a. Derive the expression of ontput signal to noise ratio of a uniform quantizer. (08 Marks)
b, With neat block diagram, explain the transmitter, transmission path and receiver of a PCM
system, (08 Marks)
c. An audio signal digitalized using PCM. Assume the audio signal bandwidth to be 20kHz.
i) What is the Nyquist rate and Nyquist period of the audio signal?
ii) If the samples are quantized to L = 4096 levels and then binary coded, determine the
number of bits required to encode a sample (04 Marks)
OR
10 a. Draw the line codes for given binary representation 01101001
i) Unipolar NRZ signaling
ii) Polar NRZ signaling
iii) Unipolar RZ, signaling
iv) Bipolar RZ. signaling
v) Manchester code. (10 Marks)
b. Explain granular noise and slope overload distortion in delta modulation. (04 Marks)
¢. With neat diagram explain delta modulation system. (06 Marks)
20f2 Comments from BoE of ECE Board
*Manjunatha P*
‘March 3, 2022 10:35 AM
To: [email protected]
Comments from BoE of ECF Board for the following subjects towards Scheme and solution:
Dear Sir,
# Code ‘Subject Name ‘Comments from Bok ECE/ETE
7] 18EC73T _ | Real Time Systems “Ks per the scrutiny from BoE members, there is no
correction
2. | 18EC732 __| Satellite Communication. ‘As per the scrutiny from BoE members, there is no
correction
3] 18ECT3S | Digital Image Processing | Asper the scrutiny from BoE members, there is no
correction.
@ | 188734 | DSP Algorithms and ‘As per the scrutiny from BoE members, there is no
Architecture correction,
]] 18EC52 | Digital Signal Processing | There is no issue in Q7 a)
In Q8 b) Sampling frequency assumed to be in Hz,
there is a typo error, it’s unit is given as rad/sec.
Va Principles of "AS per the scrutiny from BoE members, there is no
Communication Systems | correction
Hence the same may be considered for the further process
With regards
Dr. Manjunatha
Chairman BoE for Et
Professor & Dean Academics INN College of Engineering
Shimoga
Kindly download the attachment
Dr. Manjunatha. P
B.E, ME. ,Ph.D IIT Bombay, Mumbai
Professor & Head
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
INN College of Engineering, Shimoga
Kamataka 577204
Mob No: 09964378365
Personal home page hito/jnnce-ece-manjunath.weebly.com/
“ APPROVED”
——_ te
(Evaluation)
Technological Universty
BELAGAV!- 530018 ‘ng
e Visvesvaraya Technological University
~ Belagavi, Karnataka — 590 018. s
‘Scheme & Solutions Signature of Scrutinizer
Tite: PRINCIPLES Of CommUmMICATION Subject Code: (FEC SS
Marks
Allocated
(Da| Am wave empression Wn Teme) Denney
Stt> = Ae Cosathet +e COS2Tf mt Cos 2nht
Ste) = Ae cos 2tfe t th eos an Che Hm Jt)
a
2
vas [ cos 20 Cf ~ fm rt
F
su ep bit Ka mitr] cos 2 Wet
easton 4. gprequens
Am wove erpr
ohomaw S.
sep) Ae he eceh ach tJ
ne [mette gmcfrte))
a Theory a
Am wane fosno
b. | Envelope detector
(a civeust Magram | ol
F (Evaluation)
Visviiveraya Technological University
BELAGAVI- 590018 9
The Chargurg tune Constant C¥p+ RoC
must be Short compared with ie carrier
\
period He Gye ede <<
aL ex &ex<<4 wo message
fe ~~ w bowsctwidth
Theor
MU) = FSin AH CIOSIE cit) =100 Sin sin an ci
i) Sideband frequencces Fuse = 108+ 103 M2
$ise = 10% 103 fuse = 001M 42
= 99900012
iD Amplibde % Y= nae = RRP. 20V
each Gaeband —T~ ~
(i) Bandwidth = BW = aioe ani nies AkHe
(iv) Total power= Pr = =F LieA] Ae pia]
(i {! “eT cyeow
P. °
cm: ws
aterey
a gort ter ete
= co" * eosfamfee (an-] rise: Principles of eommundcation
Solution
Ring Modulator Oukput
Ste) = ce) mI
Subject Code :
cos [2ifct an- 9)
2 Eat car!
Tops aa)
wanedor™
Thee
|@' b Quad vature Learrier “mult pleking - ~
sf x Nultiplexed
clu i .
m,tf ‘Serol
Stet)
fe Aan tyansiniter
Re 0, (6)
oduct
Peaalator
(by Qam weeetwey
* band width= conserva hon Geheme
ae Tre transmitted Scgnay Seed
Ste) = Ac mp lt) COs awfet + he Male>stn aaft
IgEcss
‘Marks
Allocated
Theory
@ ®
Subject Code : IS ECS 3
- Solution =
Gwen Por lew fund | amecenee |
p. Pise = Pusb=2000 M& Atloens
re Pe + Psat Ase = lO00 +2004
fF =1400w
Pre pe{i+ Mt =
she Glee.
= 208 3 a
Pih=oBqh 20.8% |
[Angle Modulanon: ——
Angle ‘modulation uy the process Py
>, varied ua
which amgle % Carrier wae @ :
ta cxtantanpees ree a
accordance
na) beepurg auplihade 4
Modular 9 89
Carrier constant
Says he 08 [ate]
Fm weve mw tHme domaw :
In fm, the Uastan tancour frequent
fj) ua» verted Luncarly wide message signal |2
niey ao goer Welow Speer = for Keml
Mio fe it? = 1dée
Bn dt:
Did. )
ai dt foo ke mit
> o> aft ant, f moat
°
pm wane equakm ! A
Stt) > Ac cos Fanpet ar ky frveret ]
°
final Om equadier
SOH= Fo cos Panhee +f see CAMatI) 2
— 7 Theory
Nodulahon wre cp: mL
Be frequenty devinhon = Af ZL
Modulakung Requenty fm
Tos ayn
tite: Prin eles communication
©
Subject Code: [RECS 3
OW] Band wielth+
‘Question
Number Solution
B>! fer wideband Fy
CW] Frequency otewtalion COP) = [ke mits),
he inshanbaneous frequents 4m toned
vories With vespeet D blme The maximum
Change wm widtantamcous frequenty Bom He
anerge value bee
fiequenty cauiahion * Commerical freq devia Hon
Ape #75 kH2
iysed “col
Wz 10 Sol Sumit +4 Si lasoty
O fee we 2 797.617MH, fm ASS 2 99He
R ar aa
(pay bf Bedn= 796 M2
() Bw = ACAP tm) = AL TIbF199] = 1970
Basic block aWagram % PUL
igna)
wey Fm signal
*
ei Ht = ATK fmeerde
°
Vio output Go pit
vie)> Ay cos [aR
Aw 2 amky f autsas
\jtwk. ?
>
wi)
see frequents fe 0 END 2
sit) = Ae Soo [ome 49%)
Marks
Allocated ©
‘
les © Cormmundcakton
Subject Code: REC S3
Marks
Solution
Allocated
Lt) = kmbe Av SC Be (J
Pett) = Gl) — Fal?
dynamic behavior % poe nm
Adel? - dew _ auke f Si poewrsheeoat
[| ae it J oe {1
b] Dweck Pm qeraration ae |
The frequent % oseallakm %
Hartley os ol ator
Sw > b=
O° Dene |?
sm
be Le
Cu) ~ total copau¥ante %
Ei the dined Capautor 4 Varia
aroley see i
eu) = Co FAC COSTAT fm) -%
1S cos CT fmt) 2
fico = fol
fe
Siow &Lr- be costem fm €]
co
fp > un modulated Roquency % |
The wiStantancow, Freq pre opeitabr, |
which » hewnrd Repuenty vavelulated hy
Vary ws me eporsrbarts 5 me fresuenty
tA 5 gwen 29
dajermuauag river 2
ft) efor bf cos cATtmt )
Neem and whem empye
Bp ty Small compared ty one rocbian - NBER
po lava compared % one radian - weeds
as Sebprhceosorhee)
My O8t. Waban)
£5 0
Narrow band FM
empien
+ GUA LB Sun Catt) %
Cos [asin C27 fr JZ) f
Bsn 29tmt
D ster Y Ae Cosa foe ~ Roe Sin Cf, €) Sua wept ® |
Subject Title: Pruncy
aa rinciples OF Communicah'o n
Question = Subject Code: [BCS S
Widthawd FM a Atlocsted
_ Sure! fe cot Eamfet +B! spesin2atmt] |
~ module~3
@a| AM equane
Sit) > Ac LI +a rarer] coset) '
mnie
Pras|_s} Envel 7
) i Thaalee oped a
Sigpe >
fr qeeerver WD
figave % merit % |
envelope detechor
fom 2 (So
Tn), |
2
(Se, am 2 Ae cede
QnNo
Ait): SIND
ye envelope % att) 2
yu) fhe phe Kant F net) "eq ah
yas ret he Kamit) +030?
Ae w Hi
Csm®o,am HAT Bnew | |?
, QWNd Ti
Pah < (SNR. Bef i+ kamayy pet)
atl An !
ene ~ keh r [fom <1]
Turk ep
- =
won Jeubty mod
we Bee = ere 3
= ny Nove
re Theory 3
a _| : 2
_
Subject Tite: Pyrh uplee % Commundcah!on subject Code: ECTS
nee
Gaede Dse-Se Theory |
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Solution Marks
Allocated.
Jc [Nowe equivalent bendwidih
Average he a owe Power = Mout
1
aH fico = re Sito
Nout> No Ki He)
e
Camdaiels B= (Heol ag "7
oe
00)
NLt) = Ap (t) cos Orf-t) = Ng it? soncenb) q
figure % Ment — Dsase sewiver
dut Lp Ls
SE feeb mt (upe yny
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Node “ain ~ Cohevenr
dereky
locat
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5 2
Gwe psy > SAP
DNae
NALI29) +n
= cAc cosbwht) mit) +z Cb Woe fet) |
1g (t7SMETHEY
Wit) = zled Los 2iLt ;
Yt) = 1 CA, MeO st npit?
a 2
CAE 242 a
(swe), = P/% . ce hPP
WNo/2 ~Qwno
t @
Subject Code: [EE CSB
Marks
Allocated
Subject Title; Prurceples % Commundeak
on
Message
plus
nove
Avevage oukparnone 0
Powes with de-ern aed fi Fi
Az) 7 eee dy 2
T = aw? ~w
Upecf) =1 Hf
fo
a
34 (Hg. corde
ae Hae cp) 21
Elf
%
ee Sean es wpe
signal ‘sna 7° ‘Signa
o—1~»
Pre -emphouis t Ver op
ro “deemphasis Klee |
While nobe :
The white & wed Gh the Sence thar white '
gal frequencies whi
Light contains equal amount
tne vase band % eheotromagnehe Tadiakion
wap Swf)
Sut) = 12
> (a) Powe
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ate Aan)
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a = (6 Aub corse lakes
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(Da Sameling more TW band limited Continuous
be nak ) i with Wdghest Frequenty fy Heviz@an
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~w< f< W
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by
gee) = f ab) emp (J 2mfe) Ar
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gee 5 (anwte-r™)
nee
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among hem
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enables the
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TOM
channel by ®
sources wth out 7 QO
Subject: Prrdulpler 4 Communtcaton Sub. tole» ISE CSS
anal Aperture hhect
@e cee rae caused hy the use 4 a PAM b Marks
pravanace OF analog vaformahion-bearwg Signal
Wad . » “
Yeper real: ty pa sper eppet™me Be =.
may pe correckd by conneddthg on equakier Ww
ngruckon # ley
coscade wilh the bbw pass TE°?
1
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a eguntizer b quen by '
Amplimde response
bh
a
Hep] T Sine 1)
(Daly pam! tn pam, the omphibndes 4 Te5Alarly spaced
Puls ave vayied jn proportion t the Corvesponcusy | 9
Sample value A A continuous mease Signal
{iy Prem) bn pam, the Samples A, the messrse signals
etye wed ty vary tne duvahion 4 Wactiidual
Palies In pom, He Posihon H @ pale velakive 6 .
Of ocourvencé bb Yaveed
Wi) Ppm >
Us Unmodulated bhme
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messaye held Grade detedoy Shoppt9\! o2.
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mit)
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fs = aw
RD Nyquist Tare ee
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as ane daffevence beers tre Copat etgnal Cn) cincl
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qa-™ -v
Step size a Tnrantirer bb gwen by B= 2M may
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L > byte) Number % syeprerenteal levels
4% AnanhZawon C¥VOT revo,
The mean
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maton Melt) & follow a Sleep Segment % ch Put
wan ey fore mitd, Wab the result that meit) falls beh,
mit). Th Condihton & Called Slope Ovload distortion
Qranuier noe =
focal slope Charatkerbhu % Capus warehrm mi)
thawebig causidg Phe shale case Cyprenimatien mye
te hunt around & relatively flak Segment Hrput
waveform
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Modular @) Analog te aligite! encoder
Siphem (gy Digital © amalog desoder
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Ranmanad®
1 (Evaluation)