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HW6 Hypothesis Testing

This document contains two homework problems related to statistical analysis. The first problem involves analyzing data from two teams, Team Toni and Team Tina, that produce mince pies. It asks to calculate confidence intervals and test claims about the mean weight, variance of weight, and percentage of pies with high alcohol content for Team Toni's pies. It also asks to test Toni's claims that his pies are better against Tina's claims that there is no difference. The second problem involves analyzing survey data about opinions on a proposed "fat tax". It asks to test whether the survey sample is representative of the population, look for differences in mean and variance of age between obese and non-ob

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12 views2 pages

HW6 Hypothesis Testing

This document contains two homework problems related to statistical analysis. The first problem involves analyzing data from two teams, Team Toni and Team Tina, that produce mince pies. It asks to calculate confidence intervals and test claims about the mean weight, variance of weight, and percentage of pies with high alcohol content for Team Toni's pies. It also asks to test Toni's claims that his pies are better against Tina's claims that there is no difference. The second problem involves analyzing survey data about opinions on a proposed "fat tax". It asks to test whether the survey sample is representative of the population, look for differences in mean and variance of age between obese and non-ob

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MAT 501

HOMEWORK 6

1. Two production teams, Team Toni and Team Tina, work independently within the
premises of Helu U Pasta Rjali Ltd. where they produce packaged mince pies. Team Toni
pride themselves with producing pies which average a weight of exactly 24.5 gm and a
variance of exactly 0.1. They also maintain that only 50% of pies might have more than 0.19
units of alcohol. A random selection of 23 Team Toni hand-packaged pies gave a sample
mean of 24.01gm of mincemeat with a standard deviation of 0.32. 9 pies contained more
than 0.19 units of alcohol.
a) Using sample values, obtain 95% confidence intervals for the mean, variance of
mincemeat content and percentage containing more than 0.19 alcohol units stating clearly
any assumptions being made. Furthermore, test each one of Toni’s claim at the 0.05 level of
significance stating clearly both null and alternative hypotheses.
Formula:
x ± t α/2

b) Toni claims that his pies have:


i. an average weight which is higher than that of Tina’s
ii. a variance which smaller than that of Tina’s pies
iii. a bigger percentage of pies with more than 0.19 alcohol units then Tina’s pies
have.
Tina claims that there is no difference between her teams’ pies and Toni’s.
A sample of size 29 of Tina’s pies was randomly assembled and gave a sample mean of 23.95
and a standard deviation of 0.51. 12 pies had a higher alcohol content than the one
stipulated above.
Test each Tina’s hypothesis against each one of Toni’s assertions at the 0.01 level of
significance stating clearly all hypotheses being used.

2. In what follows you will be presented with information from which you will be
expected to construct test statistics working at the 95% level of significance. You are also
expected to state clearly any probabilistic and statistical assumptions needed to
guarantee the validity of each test being used.

The fat tax controversy was initiated by the suggestion that a tax be placed upon fattening
food and beverages and maybe even on obese individuals. The local debate on the
introduction of some variant of this tax at the national level is being studied by a statistical
research consultancy agency. It ran 500 suitably designed interviews with randomly selected
adult persons over a period of one month. Each respondent’s age was noted and the
individual was classified as being obese or not. The responses were captured digitally and
statistical analysis was conducted subsequently. The summary statistics were derived as
shown below:
Number of persons in the sample = 500
Median Age of Persons in Sample = 53.1
Sample standard deviation of age in sample = 11.3

Number of obese persons in the sample = 89


Sample Average age of non-obese persons = 52.6
Sample standard deviation of non-obese persons’ age = 13.5

Number of non-obese persons in the sample = 411


Sample Average age of non-obese persons = 48.6
Sample standard deviation of non-obese persons’ age = 23.5

i. Demographic records reveal that the adult population which the sample is supposed to
represent has a median age of 52.3. Establish whether the sample can be considered to be
representative of the population under study to within a level of significance of 0.05.
The variance of the age from the records was registered at 10.9. Would the figure obtained
from the sample support the view that variability has increased significantly from that
obtained from records?

ii. Check for significant difference in mean age between the obese and non-obese
respondents in the sample.
iii. Check for significant difference between the age variability between the two groups.
iv. During interviews, each interviewee was asked whether she or he feel that a fat tax
should be enforced. 26 obese persons said that a tax should be enforced, while 138 non
obese persons were of this same opinion. The anti-tax faction are maintaining that the non-
obese are the driving force behind this move because the tax will not affect them. Test this
hypothesis against the null of no difference.

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