WALL FORMWORK DESIGN
1 Introduction
This design calculation assessment report was prepared by for the design of formwork for Pilecap
casting
2 Codes of Practices, Materials and Load Combination
2.1 Design Codes
The structural design and documentation will be carried out in accordance with the current Singapore
and Eurocodes and shall comply with the local Authorities’ Regulations.
Generally, the adopted Codes and Regulations will be included in the following:
The Building Control Regulations, 2003
BCA Approved Document
SS EN 1990 - Eurocode: Basis of Structural Design
SS EN 1991 - Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures
SS EN 1993 - Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures
SS EN 1995 - Eurocode 5: Design of Timber Structures
SS 580 : Code of Practice for formwork
WSH Regulations
CIRIA Report 108 : Concrete Pressure on Formwork
And any other relevant current Singapore standards, Codes & Guidelines issued by relevant authorities
2.2 Materials
Adopted minimum material properties as follows: -
I. Concrete density - 25.0 kN/m3
II. Structural Steel (Fy) - 275 N/mm2
2.3 Loads
Casting pressure as calculated
3 Conclusion
Based on the calculations, proposed formwork system is safe for its use.
Concrete Pressure Calculation Based on CP23: 2000 (Clause 3.4.3)
Wet density of concrete, ρ = 25 kN/m3
Coefficient for size & shape of the formwork, C1 = 1
Rate at which the concrete rises vertically up in the for, R = 1.5 m/hr
Coefficient for material of the concrete, C2 = 0.7
Concrete temperature at placement, T = 30 0C
Vertical form or concrete discharge height, H = 3m
Temperature coefficient, K = (36/(T + 16)) 2 = 0.61
The maximum lateral pressure exerted by plastic concrete shall be the smaller of the following.
ρma x1 = ρ*[C1√R + C2K√(H-C1√R)]
ρma x2 = ρ*H
ρma x1 = 44.90 kN/m2
ρma x2 = 75.00 kN/m2
ρma x = 44.90 kN/m2
H1
H2
ρma x
ρma x = 44.90 kN/m2
H = 3.00 m
H1 = 1.80 m
H2 = 1.20 m
ρa vg = (ρma x*H2 + (ρma x/2)*H1)/(H1 + H2)
ρa vg = 31.46 kN/m2
The maximum concrete pressure = 44.90 kN/m2
The average concrete pressure = 31.46 kN/m2
Plywood checking
Member Width (b) = 1000 mm
Member Thickness (h) = 18 mm
Member Span (L) = 300 mm
UDL on the member (w) (SLS) = 31.46 kN/m
UDL on the member (w) (ULS) = 62.92 kN/m
Maximum Bending Moment (M = wl2/12) = 0.71 kNm
Maximum Shear Force (V = wl/2) = 9.44 kN
Actual bending stress = 13.11 N/mm2
Allowable bending stress = σg x kmod / ϒm (Cl. 2.4.3 of EC5)
σg (bendi ng) = 24.00 N/mm2
kmod = 0.70 (Table 3.1 of EC5)
ϒm = 1.20 (Table 2.3 of EC5)
Allowable bending stress = 14.00 N/mm2 OK!
Actual shear stress = 0.52 N/mm2
Allowable shear stress = σg x kmod / ϒm (Cl. 2.4.3 of EC5)
σg (s hear) = 1.60 N/mm2
kmod = 0.70 (Table 3.1 of EC5)
ϒm = 1.30 (Table 2.3 of EC 5)
Allowable shear stress = 0.86 N/mm2 OK!
Actual Deflection (δma x) = 5wl4/384EI
Young's Modulus, E = 16,000 N/mm2
Actual Deflection (δma x) = 0.43 mm
Allowable Deflection = L/200 (Cl. 5.4.8 of SS 580)
Allowable Deflection = 1.50 mm OK!
Check vertical 48.3x2.5mm GI pipe
Check 2 Nos 25mm rebar (@400mm spacing) – Ties at 700mm spacing
Load = 62.92 kPa
Bending moment = 62.92*0.4*0.7^2/10 = 1.233 kNm
Shear force = 62.92*0.4*0.7/2 = 8.81 kN
So one H25 rebar to take 1.233/2 = 0.6165 kNm
Bending capacity of H25 rebar = 0.85*500*pi()*25^3/32 = 0.65 kNm > 0.6165 kNm, SO OK.
Shear capacity of H25 bar = 0.6*0.85*500*pi()*25^2/4 = 125kN > 8.81kN, SO OK.
Load at one tie = 0.4*0.7*62.92 = 17.6kN
Tension capacity of H13 tie-bar = 0.85*500*pi()*13^2/4 = 56 kN > 17.6 kN, SO OK.
Based on the above information, the minimum tension capacity = 35.1 kN (conservative approach)
which is greater than 17.6 kN. SO OK.
Welding check
Welding is checked for capacity (as a conservative approach)
weld length = 100mm
Weld capacity = 0.7*220*6*100 = 92.4 kN > 56 kN, SO OK.
GI Pipe prop Design
Total lateral pressure between inclined props = 31.46*3*3 = 283.14 kN
2.5% of this load to be resisted by GI pipe
2.5% load = 7.07 kN < 11.4 kN (buckling resistance – refer to next page) , SO OK.
Conservatively consider this load shall be resisted by one GI pipe
Base connection
Shear capacity of H13 rebar = 0.6*0.85*500*132 = 33.6 kN
Axial force on the prop = 7.07 kN. Therefore H13 rebar at the base more than adequate.
