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Mind Map - Matrices - Class 12

This document defines matrices and their properties. It begins by explaining that a matrix is made up of elements arranged in rows and columns, with the order defined as the number of rows times the number of columns. It then discusses types of matrices including symmetric, skew-symmetric, and identity matrices. The properties of matrices are presented, such as the commutative and associative laws. It also covers the transpose, inverse, and elementary row operations of matrices.

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6K views5 pages

Mind Map - Matrices - Class 12

This document defines matrices and their properties. It begins by explaining that a matrix is made up of elements arranged in rows and columns, with the order defined as the number of rows times the number of columns. It then discusses types of matrices including symmetric, skew-symmetric, and identity matrices. The properties of matrices are presented, such as the commutative and associative laws. It also covers the transpose, inverse, and elementary row operations of matrices.

Uploaded by

studyonlyrithu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Elements: No.

of Elements: Order:
No. of rows × No. of columns No. of rows × No. of columns
{a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i}
3×3=9 3 × 3 (read as 3 by 3)
Types of
Matrices

a = e = i = k(k: scalar)

k=1
Matrices Properties

Commutative Law
A+B=B+A

Existence of Identity
A=O=O+A=A

Associative Law
(A + B) + C = A + (B + C)
Properties

Not commutative
AB ≠ BA

Multiplicative Identity
IA = AI = A

Associative Law
(AB)C = A(BC)

Distributive Law
A(B + C) = AB + AC
(A + B)C = AC + BC
Properties

k(A + B) = kA + kB (k + l)A = kA + lA
K is a scalar k, l are scalars
Matrx
A=
[aij]m×n

Transpose of a
matrix Types of Matrices
A’ = [aij]n×m

Skew - Symmetric
Properties of Symmetric Matrix
Matrix
Transpose A = A’
A = -A’

{A’}’ = A

(kA)’ = k(A’)

(AB)’ = B’A’
Any Skew
Symmetrix
Square Symmetrix
(A + B)’ = A’ + B’ matrix
matrix
matrix
If A and B are two square matrices
such that AB = BA = I, then B is the
inverse matrix of A. It is denoted
by A-1 and A is the inverse of B.

Inverse of a square matrix if it


exists, is unique.
Inverse
The interchange of any two
M
et rows or columns.
hod C1 ↔ C1 or R1 ↔ R1
Properties of
Inverse Matrix
Elementary
transformations
(AT)-1 = (A-1)T

The multiplication of the


(A-1)-1 = A elements of any row or
column by a non zero number.
C1 ↔ kC1 or R1 ↔ kR1
(AB)-1 = B-1 = A-1
The addition to the elements of any row
or column, the corresponding elements of
any other row or column multiplied by
(ABC)-1 = C-1 B-1 A-1 any non - zero number.

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