EE 337: Microprocessors Laboratory (Spring 2024)

Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

Lab 3: 20 points Date: January 19, 2024

1. [8 points] Multiply and Accumulate (MAC) operation is used extensively in digital

signal processing and machine learning.
Consider the inputs to be a1 , a2 , a3 and the corresponding weights/coefficients to be
b1 , b2 , b3 . The result after the MAC operation will be

x = a1 b1 + a2 b2 + a3 b3 .

Write an assembly language program to generate the result x, when a1 , a2 , a3 are

three inputs present in the memory locations 70H to 72H and b1 , b2 , b3 are 8-bit
weights/coefficients present in the memory locations 73H to 75H.
Since the result x can be 18 bits long, store the result in memory locations 50H,
51H, 52H. For x = x17 x16 x15 . . . x3 x2 x1 x0 , the memory location 50H should have
000000x17 x16 , the memory location 51H should have the bits x15 x14 . . . x8 , and the
memory location 52H should have the bits x7 x6 . . . x0 .
Use the following program as a starting point. Use the ADD16 subroutine written in
the previous question to implement the MAC operation.

// -- DO NOT CHANGE ANYTHING UNTIL THE **** LINE--//

ORG 0H
LJMP MAIN
ORG 100H
MAIN:
CALL MAC
HERE: SJMP HERE
ORG 130H
// *****************

MAC:
// MAC OPERATION, CALL THE ADDITION SUBROUTINE USING "CALL ADD16"
RET

ADD16:
// ADD16 SUBROUTINE FROM PREVIOUS LAB
RET
END

To reduce the effort involved in adding multiple items in memory locations, you can
use the command window in Keil. Refer to Lab-2 lab-sheet.

TA Checkpoint 1
Check the following cases:

• a1 , a2 , a3 = 18H, 24H, 0CH, b1 , b2 , b3 = 03H, 02H, 06H.

• a1 , a2 , a3 = DFH, E4H, 01H, b1 , b2 , b3 = 00H, FFH, F1H.
• a1 , a2 , a3 = FFH, FFH, FFH, b1 , b2 , b3 = FFH, FFH, FFH.
2. [8 points] Write assembly program to generate 5 seconds delay. Use the following
program as a starting point. Add your codes in the DELAY 5s subroutine.

// -- DO NOT CHANGE ANYTHING UNTIL THE **** LINE--//

ORG 0H
LJMP MAIN
ORG 100H
MAIN:
MOV P1, #01H
CALL DELAY_5s
MOV P1, #00H
HERE: SJMP HERE
ORG 130H
// *****************

DELAY_5s:
// ADD YOUR CODE HERE
RET
END

Use delay 1ms subroutine shown below that generates 1 ms delay to make a subrou-
tine to generate delay of 5 seconds. Do NOT modify this snippet itself.

delay_1ms:
push 00h
mov r0, #4
h2: acall delay_250us
djnz r0, h2
pop 00h
ret

delay_250us:
push 00h
mov r0, #244
h1: djnz r0, h1
pop 00h
ret

• To calculate the delay amount, refer the 8051 Instruction Set to find number
of cycles each instruction runs for and how correct amount delay is achieved.
• Port 1.0 is initially set to 1. Then the 5 second delay sub-routine is called and
then Port 1.0 is set to 0.
• Use Logic Analyzer to check the delay in Port 1.0. Make sure you change the
default clock frequency to 24MHz (as it is on the Pt-51 board).
 TA Checkpoint 2
Check the following cases:

• Observe the delay in Port 1.0 on the Logic Analyzer.

• Explain how the required delay is generated.

3. [4 points] This will be an in-lab experiment, you will be demonstrating that your
PT-51 kit works by running the test code for the kit. The test code also checks the
peripherals on the kit. Using this, you can also verify that all required software is
correctly installed. Before coming to the lab please install the software mentioned
below and go through the slide decks to get familiarize with the board.

• Get familiar with PT-51 kit by going through the slides here: User Manual
• Install FLIP (on Windows) or DFU Programmer (on Linux/Mac). This software
is used to load programs into the 8051 microcontroller on the PT-51 kit. The
steps are here: FLIP/DFU Installations

In the in-lab session, verify the following in front of your TAs.

• The procedure to load a hex file onto the PT-51 kit using Flip is shown in the
video given here: Running a Hex file on Pt-51
Follow the procedure and load the led.hex file to see that the LEDs on your
kit toggle.
• Download the file pt51 test.hex and load it on your PT-51 kit, as described
here: Testing the peripherals of Pt-51
• Follow the steps in the slide deck titled “PT-51 Test Program” to do the self-test
of the kit. Check if all tests run successfully. If there are failed tests, inform
your respective TA.
• Please use the installation given here JRE Installer if you are not able to find
JRE or the installation with JRE fails.
• Please put your board in boot mode before installing drivers and flashing code.
Detach → Press boot → Press Reset → Release Reset → Release Boot → Attach