Disaster Management Module 5 Important Topics

Table of contents

*Disaster Management Module 5 Important Topics*

*Common disaster types in India*
*Legislations in India on disaster management*
*The Disaster Management Act 2005*
Features of disaster management act 2005/Institutional Framework of DMA 2005
*National Disaster Management Policy*
Vision
Approaches
Objectives
*Sendai Framework for disaster risk reduction*
Priorities
Targets
Guiding principles

Common disaster types in India

i. Water and Climate related disasters
a) Floods and drainage management
b) Cyclones
c) Tornadoes and Hurricanes
d) Hailstorms
e) Cloud burst
f) Heat wave and Cold wave
g) Snow avalanches
h) Droughts
i) Sea erosion
j) Thunder and lighting
k) Tsunami
ii. Geological related disasters
a) Landslides and mudflows
b) Earthquakes
c) Dam failure/Dam bursts
 d) Mining disasters-
iii. Chemical, industrial and nuclear related disasters
a) Chemical and industrial disasters
b) Nuclear disaster
iv. Accident related disasters
a) Forest fires
b) Urban fires
c) Mine flooding
d) Oil spills –release of liquid petroleum to the environment,drillin, crude oil from
tankers
e) Major building collapse
f) Serial bomb blasts
g) Festival related disasters
h) Electrical disasters and fires
i) Air, road and rail accidents
j) Boat Capsizing
k) Village fire
v. Biological related disasters
a) Biological disasters and epidemics
b) Pest attacks
c) Cattle epidemics
d) Food poisoning

Legislations in India on disaster management

In India, when it comes to handling disasters, each state has the main responsibility. But
the national government helps the states by giving them support, both in terms of money
and resources.
The Home Affairs Ministry's Disaster Management Division works with the affected state
governments, different government departments, and organizations like the National
Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) and National Disaster Response Force (NDRF).
They work together to reduce the risks of disasters. The division is in charge of making
laws, policies, training people, and managing the response to disasters.

Here are some important things the Disaster Management Division does:
 1. Getting Resources: They gather money and resources to help when there's a natural
disaster, except for things like droughts, hail storms, cold waves, and pest attacks.
2. Controlling Situations: They run a control room and provide updates on what's
happening during disasters.
3. Early Warning Systems: They manage systems that warn people about different types of
disasters.
4. Funds for Disasters: They handle funds related to disaster response for both states and
the national level.
5. Overall Disaster Management: They handle everything related to getting ready for
disasters, preventing them, and building the skills needed to deal with them.
6. International Cooperation: They work with other countries to manage disasters together.
7. Recovery after Disasters: They help with rebuilding and recovering after a disaster.
8. Administration and Budget: They take care of administrative and budget matters for the
NDMA, NDRF, and National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM).
9. Fire and Emergency Services: They also work on making fire and emergency services
stronger.
10. Laws and Acts: They make sure the Disaster Management Act of 2005 is followed.
11. Support for Committees: They provide support for committees like NEC, HLC, and
NPDRR.

The Disaster Management Act 2005

The disaster management act 2005 was passed by Rajya sabha on 28th november 2005
Act extends to the whole of india
The act provides effective managment of disaster and the matters connected with it
The main focus of this act is to provide the people who are affected with disasters their life
back and helping them
The covid lockdown was imposed under disaster management act 2005

Features of disaster management act 2005/Institutional

Framework of DMA 2005
National Disaster Management Authority(NDMA)
NDMA is headers by the prime minister of india as chairperson and have 9 members
All members have a tenure of 5 years
Main Responsibility of NDMA is to lay down the policies plans and guidelines for
disaster managmeent
 National executive commitee
- The DMA empowers the central government to create National Executive Committee to
assist DMA
- NEC is responsivle for the preparation of Disaster Managment plan and ensure that its
reviewed and updated annually
State DM Authority (SDMA)
It is responsible for the drawing of state disaster management plan
Consist of chief minister and 8 members appointed by CM
District DM Authority
Responsible for drawing district DM plan
Chairperson will be one of the following
Collector
District Magistrate
Deputy commissioner
National Disaster Response force
NDRF is tasked with responded to a situation
Major roles
Rescue operations in kashmir floods 2014
Rescue operations in Kerala Floods 2018

National Disaster Management Policy

The National Policy on Disaster management has been prepared in accordance with
Disaster management act 2005
NPDM Provides the framework for handling disaster in a holistic manner
This policy covers all the aspect of disaster management covering insitutional, legal and
financial arrangements, disastet prevention, mitigation etc

Vision
To build a safe and disaster resilient india by developing a holistic proactive and multi
disaster oriented and technology driven strategy through a culture of prevention
mitiagation preparedness and response

Approaches
Building Strategic partnership at various lebels
 Capacity development
Cooperation with agencies at national and international levels
Community based disaster management, including integration of policy, plans and
execution

Objectives
The objectives of the national policy on disaster management are:
Promoting a culture of prevention, preparedness and resilience at all levels through
knowledge, innovation and education.
Encouraging mitigation measures based on technology, traditional wisdom and
environmental sustainability.
Mainstreaming disaster management into the developmental planning process.
Promoting productive and proactive partnership with media in disaster management.
Undertaking reconstruction as an opportunity to build disaster resilient structures and
habitat for ensuring safer living
Ensuring efficient mechanism for identification, assessment and monitoring of
disaster risks.

Sendai Framework for disaster risk reduction

 The framework was adopted at the third UN world conference on disaster risk reduction in
sendai ,Japan on March 18 2015
The sendai framework for disaster risk reduction 2015-2030 is a 15 year voluntary, non-
binding agreement
Representatives from 187 countries have adopted Sendai Framework.
It aims to achieve subsequent reduction of disaster risk and lossessin lives, livelihood and
health and in economic,physical,social,cultural and environmental assets of
persons,business communities and countries over the next 15 years.
The national disaster management plan (NDMP) 2016 is based on the sendai framework
NDMP aims that the disaster risk reduction measures should be completed by 2030
In short term- 5 years
In medium term-10 years
In long term 15 year

Priorities
A thorough understanding of disaster risk.
Managing disaster risk through strengthened disaster risk governance
Resilience can be achieved by investing in disaster risk reduction
Providing effective preparation for disaster response and “Build Back Better” in recovery,
rehabilitation, and reconstruction.

Targets
The goal is to reduce the average worldwide disaster mortality rate by 100,000 in the
decade 2020-2030 compared to 2005- 2015
In the decade 2020– 2030, reduce the number of people= affected worldwide per 100,000,
aiming to decrease this number compared to the period 2005– 2015
Minimise global GDP (gross domestic product) losses related to direct economic losses by
2030
Substantively reduce the damage due to disaster to critical infrastructure, disturbance of
elementary services, health and educational facilities.
By 2020, make sure that national and local disaster risk reduction strategies are in place in
more countries.
Improve international cooperation with emerging countries by complementing their national
actions for implementation of the present framework significantly by 2030 through the
provision of satisfactory and sustainable support.
Make friends with new countries and help them do good things for their people. Give
them the help they need to make important changes by the year 2030. Make sure the
 support you provide is enough and lasts a long time.
Increase substantially the availability of early warning and risk assessment data on multi-
hazard scenarios to people by 2030.

Guiding principles
Each state has the Primary responsibility to prevent and reduce disaster risk, including
through cooperation
DRR requires the responsibility to be shared between central Government and national
authorities, sectors and stakeholders.
Protection of persons and their assets while promoting and protecting all human rights
including the right to development
Engagement from all of society
Full engagement of all State institutions of an executive and legislative nature at national
and local levels
Empowerment of local authorities and communities through resources, incentives and
decision-making responsibilities as appropriate
Decision-making to be inclusive and risk-informed while using a multi-hazard approach
Coherence of disaster risk reduction and sustainable development policies, plans,
practices and mechanisms, across different sectors
Accounting of local and specific characteristics of disaster risks when determining
measures to reduce risk
Addressing underlying risk factors cost-effectively through investment versus relying
primarly on postdisaster response and recovery
«Build Back Better» for preventing the creation of, and reducing existing, disaster risk
The quality of global partnership and international cooperation to be effective, meaningful
and strong
Support from developed countries and partners to developing countries to be tailored
according to needs and priorities as identified by them