THE CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG

Department of Mathematics
MATH1020 General Mathematics
Extra Problem Set 3

Remark: In the following, sin−1 x represents the inverse function of sin x, not 1/ sin x.
cos−1 , tan−1 , · · · , are similar.

1. Find the exact value, if any, of each composite function. If there is no value, say it
is “not defined”. Do not use a calculator.
 
−1 1
(a) sin sin ;
42
(b) tan (tan−1 2) ;
 
−1 12
(c) cos cos ;
10
(d) tan (tan−1 π) .

2. Find the inverse function f −1 of each function f. State the domain and the range
of f and f −1 .

(a) f (x) = 2 sin x + 3;

(b) f (x) = −2 cos (5x);
(c) f (x) = − tan(x + 2) − 3;
(d) f (x) = 5 sin (2x + 1).

3. Find the exact value of each expression:

√ !!
3
(a) tan cos−1 − ;
2
  
−1 1
(b) sec sin − ;
4
√ !!
−1 2
(c) cot sin − .
3
  
−1 3π
(d) sin cos − .
4

4. Let f (x) = sin x, g(x) = cos x and h(x) = tan x. Find the exact value of each
composite function.
  
−1 12
(a) g f ;
15
  
−1 4π
(b) g f − ;
3
 2

  
7π
(c) g −1 f ;
4
  
−1 1
(d) h g − .
4

5. Establish each identity:

(a) csc θ · cos θ = cot θ;

(b) cos θ · (tan θ + cot θ) = csc θ;
(c) (sec θ − 1)(sec θ + 1) = tan2 θ;
(d) (sin θ + cos θ)2 + (sin θ − cos θ)2 = 2;
cos u
(e) sec u − tan u = ;
1 + sin u
cos2 θ
(f) 1 − = sin θ;
1 + sin θ
sec θ sin θ
(g) + = 2 tan θ;
csc θ cos θ
sin θ 1
(h) = ;
sin θ − cos θ 1 − cot θ
cos θ
(i) tan θ + = sec θ;
1 + sin θ
sin3 θ + cos3 θ
(j) = 1 − sin θ cos θ;
sin θ + cos θ
1 + sin θ + cos θ 1 + cos θ
(k) = ;
1 + sin θ − cos θ sin θ
(l) (a sin θ + b cos θ)2 + (a cos θ − b sin θ)2 = a2 + b2 , a, b ∈ R.
tan α + tan β
(m) = tan α tan β;
cot α + cot β
(n) ln | sec θ| = − ln | cos θ|;
(o) ln |1 + cos θ| + ln |1 − cos θ| = 2 ln | sin θ|.

6. Show that the functions f and g are identically equal.

(a) f (x) = sin x · tan x, g(x) = sec x − cos x;

1 − sin θ cos θ
(b) f (θ) = − , g(θ) = 0;
cos θ 1 + sin θ
7. Establish each identity.
π 
(a) sin + θ = cos θ;
2
(b) sin (π + θ) = − sin θ;
 
3π
(c) sin + θ = − cos θ;
2
 3

sin (α + β)
(d) = 1 + cot α tan β;
sin α cos β
sin (α + β) tan α + tan β
(e) = ;
sin (α − β) tan α − tan β
csc θ csc θ
(f) sec (α + β) = ;
cot α cot β − 1
(g) sin (α + kπ) = (−1)k sin θ, k any integer.

8. Find the exact value of each expression.

 
−1 1 −1
(a) sin sin + cos 0 ;
2
 
−1 4 −1 5
(b) cos tan + cos ;
3 13
 
−1 3 π
(c) tan sin + ;
5 6
 
−1 4 −1
(d) tan sin + cos 1 .
5

9. Write each trigonometric expression as an algebraic expression containing u and v.

Give the restriction required on u and v:

(a) cos cos−1 u + sin−1 v ;

(b) sin tan−1 u − sin−1 v ;

(c) tan sin−1 u − cos−1 v .

10. Show that

π
(a) sin−1 v + sin−1 v = ;
2
 
1 π
(b) tan−1 = − tan−1 v, if v > 0.
v 2

11. Establish each identity:

(a) cos4 θ − sin4 θ = cos (2θ);

sec2 θ
(b) sec (2θ) = ;
2 − sec2 θ
cos (2θ) cot θ − 1
(c) = ;
1 + sin (2θ) cot θ + 1
v sec v + 1
(d) cot2 = ;
2 sec v − 1
sin (3θ) cos (3θ)
(e) − = 2;
sin θ cos θ
1
(f) ln | sin θ| = (ln |1 − cos (2θ)| − ln 2).
2
 4

12. Use the fact that

π 1 √ √ 
cos = 6+ 2
12 4
π π
to find sin and cos .
24 24
13. Establish each identity:

sin θ + sin (3θ)

(a) = cos θ;
2 sin (2θ)
cos θ − cos (3θ)
(b) = tan θ;
sin θ + sin(3θ)
   
sin α + sin β α+β α−β
(c) = tan cot ;
sin α − sin β 2 2
(d) 1 + cos (2θ) + cos (4θ) + cos (6θ) = 4 cos θ cos (2θ) cos (3θ).

14. Let f (x) = 3 sin x.

(a) Find the zeros of f on the interval [−2π, 4π].

(b) Graph f (x) = 3 sin x on the interval [−2π, 4π].
3
(c) Solve f (x) = on the interval [−2π, 4π]. What points are on the graph of f ?
2
Label these points on the graph drawn in part (b).
(d) Use the graph drawn in part (b) along with the results of part (c) to determine
3
the values of x such that f (x) > on the interval [−2π, 4π].
2
15. (a) Graph f (x) = −4 cos x and g(x) = 2 cos x + 3 on the same Cartesian plane for
the interval [0, 2π].
(b) Solve f (x) = g(x) on the interval [0, 2π] and label the points of intersection on
the graph draw in part (b).
(c) Solve f (x) > g(x) on the interval [0, 2π].
(d) Shade the region bounded by f (x) = −4 cos x and g(x) = 2 cos x + 3 between
the two points found in part (b) on the graph drawn in part (a).

16. Find the real zeros of each trigonometric function on the interval 0 ≤ x < 2π.

(a) f (x) = 4 cos2 x − 1;

(b) f (x) = sin(2x) − sin x;
(c) f (x) = sin2 x + 2 cos x + 2.