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CPR Guide for First Responders

CPR involves mouth-to-mouth breathing and chest compressions to circulate oxygenated blood to vital organs until more advanced treatment can be provided. It doubles the chance of survival from cardiac arrest when performed by a bystander. CPR is performed by opening the airway, checking for breathing, and if no breathing is detected, giving 2 breaths. If there is no pulse, chest compressions of 15 compressions to 2 breaths at a rate of 80-100 per minute should be performed until emergency help arrives. The success of CPR depends on factors such as how soon it is started, the location, and the cause of cardiac arrest.

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1K views14 pages

CPR Guide for First Responders

CPR involves mouth-to-mouth breathing and chest compressions to circulate oxygenated blood to vital organs until more advanced treatment can be provided. It doubles the chance of survival from cardiac arrest when performed by a bystander. CPR is performed by opening the airway, checking for breathing, and if no breathing is detected, giving 2 breaths. If there is no pulse, chest compressions of 15 compressions to 2 breaths at a rate of 80-100 per minute should be performed until emergency help arrives. The success of CPR depends on factors such as how soon it is started, the location, and the cause of cardiac arrest.

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BASIC LIFE SUPPORT

CPR
DEFINE: CPR
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) consists
of mouth-to-mouth respiration and chest
compression. CPR allows oxygenated blood to
circulate to vital organs such as the brain and
heart. CPR can keep a person alive until more
advanced procedures (such as defibrillation -
an electric shock to the chest) can treat the
cardiac arrest.
CPR started by a bystander doubles the likelihood
of survival for victims of cardiac arrest.
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KNOW WHAT TO DO:
CPR
IT CAN BE AS EASY AS A- B- C:
A - AIRWAY
• Place victim flat on his/her back on a hard surface.
• Shake victim at the shoulders and shout "are you
okay?"
• If no response, call emergency medical system then,
• Head-tilt/chin-lift - open victims' airway by tilting
their head back with one hand while lifting up their
chin with your other hand.
.
B - BREATHING
• Position your cheek close to victims' nose and
mouth, look toward victims' chest, and
• Look, listen, and feel for breathing (5-10
seconds)
• If not breathing, pinch victim's nose closed
and give 2 full breaths into victim's mouth (use
microshield).
• If breaths won't go in, reposition head and try
again to give breaths. If still blocked, perform
abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver
C - CIRCULATION
• Check for carotid pulse by feeling for 5-10 seconds at side of victims' neck.
• If there is a pulse but victim is not breathing, give Rescue breathing at rate of 1
breath every 5 seconds Or 12 breaths per minute
• If there is no pulse, begin chest compressions as follows:
• Place heel of one hand on lower part of victim's sternum. With your other
hand directly on top of first hand, Depress sternum 1.5 to 2 inches.
• Perform 15 compressions to every 2 breaths. (rate: 80-100 per minute)
• check for return of pulse every minute.
• CONTINUE UNINTERRUPTED UNTIL ADVANCED LIFE SUPPORT IS
AVAILABLE.
6 STEPS OF CPR (REVISED NEW 2000)
1. CHECK AREA-CHECK VICTIM FOR RESPONSIVENESS,
CALL FOR ASSISTANCE!
2. OPEN (A)IRWAY- HEAD-CHIN LIFT METHOD
3. CHECK (B)REATHING- 5 SECONDS-IF NOT BREATHING
• INFANT-GIVE 2 SLOW GENTLE BREATHS
• CHILD-ADULT GIVE 2 SLOW REGULAR BREATHS
4. CHECK (C)IRCULATION AND LIFENESS 10 SECONDS
• INFANT-BRACHIAL PULSE (INSIDE UPPER ARM CLOSEST TO
YOU)
• CHILD-ADULT-CAROTID PULSE (SIDE OF NECK CLOSEST TO
YOU)
• LOOK FOR SIGNS OF LIFE, MOVEMENT, COUGHING ETC..
5. BEGIN EMERGENCY RESCUE STEPS, CALL 9-1-1/EMS
• RESCUE BREATHING OR CPR OR FIRST AID
6. AFTER ABOUT A MINUTE
• RECHECK CIRCULATION AND LIFENESS 5 SECONDS
• RECHECK BREATHING 5 SECONDS
• CONTINUE WITH NECESSARY STEPs
SUCCESS OF CPR
On an average, the success rate is 3% according to a
study in New york
Success depends on :
- early institution of resuscitative efforts
- setting in which event occurs(home/hospital)
- mechanism (Ven.tachycardia/fibrillation)
- clinical status prior to cardiac arrest
Success rate for VT- 67%
VF- 25%
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