UNDERSTANDING Parts of the Typhoon:
TYPHOONS
o Eye - is the very center of the
What is Typhoon? typhoon. Where the air sinks
and is mostly clud-free.
Tropical Cyclones that develops in o Eye Wall - is composed of tall
the north-western part of the Pacific rings of thunderstorms that
Ocean between 180° and 100°. In produce heavy rains and
the Philippines, tropical cyclones strong winds.
(typhoons) are called bagyo. The o Rainbands - clouds that move
term bagyo, a Filipino word away from eye wall spirally.
meaning typhoon arose after a 1911 These bands can bring heavy
storm in the city of Baguio rains and winds.
Typhoons - are formed in the AIR MASSES AND FRONTS
Northwest Pacific Ocean.
Cyclones - are formed in the How Do Air Masses Move?
South Pacific Ocean and
Indian Ocean. These air masses move. Global
Hurricane - form in the North winds usually move these masses of
Atlantic Ocean and Northeast air from one part of the globe to
and South Pacific Ocean. another. As these air masses move,
PAGASA - Philippine they will eventually collide with one
Atmospheric, Geophysical and another.
Astronomical Services
Administration Air mass - is a huge body of air.
PAR - Philippine Area of The air at any given height is an
responsibility air mass and has about the
same temperature, humidity,
Classification of Tropical and air pressure.
Cyclones: Jet streams - push air masses in
the same west-to-east direction.
o Tropical Depression (TD) – Up Front - the boundary where two
to 61 km/h air masses meet. Weather at a
o Tropical Storm (TS) - 62- front is usually cloudy and
88 km/h stormy.
o Severe Tropical Storm (STS) -
89-117 km/h
o Typhoon (TY)- 118-220 km/h
o Super Typhoon (STY)-
Exceeding 220 km/h
Types of Air Masses:
Weather Disturbances
o Tropical air mass - forms in - usually occur along the
the tropics and has warm air. boundaries between two air
o Polar air mass - forms near masses of different properties.
the poles and has cold air. - Usually associated with:
o Maritime air mass – forms - torrential rains
over the ocean and has humid - flash floods
air. - thunderstorms
o Continental air mass - forms - tornadoes
over land and has dry air. - low- pressure areas or cyclone
o Maritime tropical (mT) - air
mass has warm, humid air.
o Maritime polar (mP) - air ASTEROIDS
mass has cold, humid air.
o Continental tropical (cT) - air What is Asteroid?
mass has hot, dry air.
o A Continental polar (cP) - air Are rocky objects and irregularly
mass has cold, dry air. shaped celestial objects, left over
from the formation of the solar
Types of Fronts: system. The closer the asteroid t the
sun, the less silicates it has.
o Cold Front - advancing cold
air replace warmer air. can Classification of Asteroids
move very fast, producing
thunderstorms, heavy rain, or According to Composition
snow.
o Warm Front - warm air o C-type - known as “chondrite”,
replaces cooler air. Light to made of clay and silicates.
moderate rain o S-type - means stony, rocky in
o Stationary Front - sometimes nature and made up of nickel,
cold and warm air masses iron, and other silicates.
meet. o M-type - refers to metallic
o Cloudy or Moderate asteroids, made up of pure
rain/Thunderstorm. nickel and iron.
o Occluded Front - a warm air
According to Location
mass sometimes is caught
o Main Belt - the asteroid belt,
between two cooler air
masses. Produces cool located between the orbits of
temperatures and Mars and Jupiter.
snowstorms. o Near-Earth asteroids - are
asteroids that pass near earth.
o Trojans - are asteroids located
near Jupiter Lagrange.
COMETS
METEOROIDS
What is Comet?
What is Meteoroid?
Are objects composed mostly of ice
Are debris that are usually
and dust that grow tails when they
rocky and metallic in nature
approach the sun. The word “comet”
come from the greek word kometes, that orbit the solar system.
means “long-haired star.” Broken pieces of Comets or
Asteroids that falls into the
Nucleus - solid inner core, the Earth’s atmosphere.
central part of the comet.
Coma - cloud of dust and gas. Meteor – are often called
Gas Tail - vaporized ice from shooting stars or falling stars.
the heat of the sun. Meteorites – a meteoroid that
Dust Tail - pushed away hits Earth.
particles from the comet by
solar system. Three Types of Meteorites:
a. Iron Meteorite
Oort Cloud - where long-
b. Stony Meteorite
period comets came from.
c. Stony-iron Meteorite
Kuiper Belt - where short-
period comets came from.
Halley’s Comet - one of the
most famous comets.
