Hacking
STALIN
SANTHOSH
Social Science
Roll No :17
What is hacking
Hacking is the activity of identifying weaknesses in a
computer system or a network to exploit the security to
gain access to personal data or business data. Hacking
in cyber security refers to the misuse of devices like
computers, smartphones, tablets, and networks to
cause damage to or corrupt systems, gather
information on users, steal data and documents, or
disrupt data-related activity
Who’s a Hacker
A Hacker is a person who finds and exploits the weakness in
computer systems and/or networks to gain access. Hackers
are usually skilled computer programmers with knowledge of
computer security. Hackers are most often programmers.
Types of Hackers
Hackers are classified according to the intent of their
actions. The following list classifies types of hackers
according to their intent:
Ethical Hacker (White hat):hat hackers also known
White
as ethical hackers, hack into
system with the permission of
the organization they hack into.
They gain access to systems to
fix identified weaknesses and
helps to strengthen overall
internet security.
Ethical Hacking
Ethical hacking is identifying weakness in computer
systems and computer networks and coming with
counter measures that protect the weaknesses.
Ethical hackers use their knowledge to secure and
improve the technology of organizations.
Black hat hackers
Black hat hackers are
cybercriminals that illegally crack
systems with malicious intent.
Seeking to gain unauthorized
access to computer systems is
the definition of black hat
hacking. Once a black hat hacker
finds a security vulnerability,
they try to exploit it.
Gray hat hackers
A hacker who is in between white
hat and black hat hackers.
He|She breaks into computer
systems without authority with a
view to identify weaknesses and
reveal them to system owner.
Script Kiddies
A Script kiddie is an unskilled person who uses
scripts or downloads tools available for hacking
provided by other hackers. . Their main purpose is
to impress their friends and society. Generally, Script
Kiddies are juveniles who are unskilled about
hacking.
Advantages of Hacking
Enhanced Security: Ethical hackers can identify
vulnerabilities in systems and networks, allowing
organizations to strengthen their security measures.
Preventative Measures: By understanding hacking
techniques, companies can proactively protect
against potential cyber threats and attacks.
Insightful Testing: Ethical hacking allows for
controlled testing of systems to identify weaknesses
before malicious hackers exploit them.
Skill Development: Learning hacking techniques can
help individuals develop a deep understanding of
computer systems and security, which can be
beneficial for a career in cybersecurity.
Disadvantages of Hacking
Legal Consequences: Engaging in hacking activities,
especially without authorization, is illegal and can lead to
severe legal repercussions including fines, imprisonment,
or criminal charges.
Damage to Systems: Hacking can cause extensive damage
to computer systems, networks, and data, leading to
financial losses, disruption of services, and reputational
damage.
Loss of Trust: Individuals or organizations that fall
victim to hacking lose trust in the security of their
systems, which can have lasting negative effects on
relationships with customers, partners, or stakeholders.
Negative Impact on Society: Hacking can contribute to
a climate of fear and distrust in technology, negatively
impacting the advancement and adoption of new digital
solutions.
Ways to prevent Hacking
Use Strong Passwords: Create complex, unique
passwords for each account and enable two-factor
authentication whenever possible.
Update Software Regularly: Keep all your devices
and software up-to-date with the latest security
patches and updates.
Install Antivirus Software: Use reputable antivirus
and anti-malware programs to protect against viruses,
malware, and other online threats.
Be Cautious with Links and Downloads: Avoid
clicking on suspicious links, emails, or downloading
files from untrusted sources to prevent phishing
attacks.
Use a Firewall: Enable firewalls on your devices and
network to monitor and control incoming and
outgoing traffic.
Regular Backups: Backup your important data
regularly to prevent data loss in case of a successful
hacking attempt.
Educate Yourself and Others: Stay informed about
common hacking techniques and educate others in
your organization or family about cybersecurity best
practices.
Limit Access: Grant minimal access privileges to users
and regularly review and revoke unnecessary
permissions.
Secure Physical Devices: Physically secure your
devices to prevent unauthorized access or theft,
especially for laptops, phones, and external drives.
