Diocesan Schools of Abra

St. Mary’s High School of Pidigan, Abra Inc.

MATHEMATICS 10
QUARTER 4- WEEK 3-4

STATISTICS
MEASURES OF POSITION (Quartiles, Deciles, & Percentiles)
Competencies:
a. Illustrates the following measures of position: quartiles, deciles and percentiles.
b. Calculates a specified measure of position of a set of data
c. Interprets measures of position
d. Solves problems involving measures of position
FIRM UP
Aside from the measures of central tendency (the mean, median and mode), the frequency distribution or set
of data can be divided into number of equal parts. The common measures of position are quartiles, deciles and
percentiles.
Quartiles
The frequency distribution on a set of data is divided into four divisions such as in the lower quartile (Q1) lies
25% of the data. In the second quartile (Q2) lies 50% of the data and below upper quartile (Q4) lies 75% of the data.
The division is illustrated below.

75%

50%

25%

A. Computing Quartiles of Ungrouped Data without Frequency Distribution

Example 1: Eight students were given qualifying test in Math consisting of 5 problems under time pressure. The
duration in minutes that took each of the student finish the test is as follows - - 15, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.There are
even number of values. The arrows show position of quartiles.

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 1. Q 1is the average of the 2nd and 3rd values.
18+20 38
Q 1= = =19
2 2
2. Q 2is the average of the 4th and 5th values.
21+22 43
Q 2= = =21.5
2 2
3. Q 3is the average of the 6th and 7th values.
23+24 47
Q 3= = =23.5
2 2

Going back in #1 of activity 1, we can notice that the median has the same value with Q 2.
Example 2: Here are the scores of 11 students in a Math quiz, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22, 24, 25, 28.
1. Q 2 is in the ( n+12 )th or ( 11+1
2
)th or the 6 value
th

Q2=19 ¿)
2. The lower half of the data is

Q1=14
3. The upper half of the data is

Q3=24

B. Computing Quartiles of Ungrouped Data with Frequency Distribution

Example 3: The table shows the result of a 50-item Math test

Scores (x ) Frequency(f ) Cumulative Frequency (cf )

35 1 30
34 2 29
33 1 27
30 1 26
29 3 25 Q3
28 4 22
27 3 18
26 2 15 Q2
25 1 13
24 3 12
19 2 9 Q1
18 4 7
17 2 3
15 1 1
n=30

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 ( )
n
−cfb
1. 4 , where
Q 1=l+ i
f

l = true boundary of interval where Q1lies

n=¿ total number of frequency
n
cfb=¿ cumulative frequency below which is less than or equal to
4
f =¿frequency of score where Q lies
i=¿ class size
Solution:
n 30
= =7.5 (You will reach this at cf =9)
4 4
Q1 lies at cf =9

cfb=7 (cf less than 7.5)

f =2
l=18.5 (19−0.5=18.5 )
i=1

( )
n
−cfb
4
Q 1=l+ i
f

¿ 18.5+( 7.5−7
2 )
(1)

¿ 18.5+ (
2 )
0.5
(1)

¿ 18.5+0.25
Q1=18.75

( )
n
−cfb
1. 2 , where
Q2=l+ i
f
n 30
= =15
2 2
Q2 lies at cf =15
cfb=13 (cf less than 15)
f =2
l=25.5 (26−0.5=25.5)
i=1

( )
n
−cfb
2
Q 2=l+ i
f

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 ¿ 25.5+ ( 15−13
2 )
(1)

¿ 25.5+ ( )(1)
2
2
¿ 25.5+1
Q2=26.5

( )
3n
−cfb
2. 4 , where
Q3=l+ i
f
3 n 3 (30)
= =22.5
4 4
Q3 lies at cf =25
cfb=22 (cf less than 25)
f =3
l=28.5 (29−0.5=28.5 )
i=1

( )
3n
−cfb
4
Q3=l+ i
f

¿ 28.5+ ( 22.5−22
3 )(1)
¿ 28.5+ (
3 )
0.5
(1)

¿ 25.5+0.17
Q3=28.67

C. Computing Quartiles for Grouped Data

Finding the quartile values for ungrouped data follows the procedure in finding the median. The same procedure is
used when working on grouped data.
Example 4: Frequency distribution of Mid-test scores of Grade 10 students in Mathematics

Cumulative
Class Interval Frequency (f )
Frequency (cf )
45−49 4 35
40−44 8 31
35−39 9 23
30−34 5 14
25−29 4 9
20−24 1 5
15−19 3 4
10−14 1 1
i=5 n=35

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 Study the procedure in calculating the quartiles for the above distribution.

1. Calculating Q 1

( )
n
−cfb
4
Q 1=l+ i
f

n n 35
1. Find 1. = =8.75
4 4 4
2. Get the cf less than 8.75 2. cfb=5
3. Determine the true lower boundary and frequency of 3. The class is 25 – 29. The true lower class
the the class interval where Q 1 lies. boundary l=24.5 and f =4
4. Compute the value to be added to the lower class
boundary of the class interval where Q 1 lies.
4.
8.75−5
4 ( )
( 5 )=4.69
5. Add the result in step 4 to the true lower class
5. Q 1=24.5+ 4.69=29.19
boundary of the class interval where Q 1 lies
The value of Q 1is 29.19. This means that 75% of the 35 Grade 10 students have scores higher than 29.19 in their
Mid-test in Mathematics.

The same procedure applies for Q 2 and Q 3

2. Calculating Q 2

( )
n
−cfb
2
Q2=l+ i
f

n n 35
1. Find 1. = =17.5
2 2 2
2. Get the cf less than 17.5 2. cfb=14
3. Determine the true lower boundary and frequency 3. The class is 35 – 39. The true lower class
of the the class interval where Q 2 lies. boundary l=34.5 and f =9
4. Compute the value to be added to the lower class
boundary of the class interval where Q 2 lies.
4. ( 17.5−14
9 ) ( 5 )=( ) ( 5 )=1.94
3.5
9
5. Add the result in step 4 to the true lower class
5. Q 2=34.5+1.94=36.44
boundary of the class interval where Q 2 lies

3. Calculating Q 3

( )
3n
−cfb
4
Q 3=l+ i
f

3n 3 n 3 (35) 105
1. Find 1. = = =26.25
4 4 4 4
2. Get the cf less than 26.25 2. cfb=23
3. Determine the true lower boundary and frequency 3. The class is 40 – 44. The true lower class
of the the class interval where Q 3 lies. boundary l=39.5 and f =8
4. Compute the value to be added to the lower class
boundary of the class interval where Q 3 lies.
4. ( 26.25−23
8 ) ( 5)=2.03
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5. Add the result in step 4 to the true lower class
5. Q 1=39.5+ 2.03=41.53
boundary of the class interval where Q 1 lies

The value of Q 3is 41.53. This means that 75% of the 35 Grade 10 students have scores lower than 41.53 in
their Mid-test in Mathematics. This also means that 25% of the 35 Grade 10 students have scores higher than 41.53.
Deciles- The values that divide a set of data arranged in order of magnitude into 10 equal parts are called deciles.

( )
n
−cfb
10
D 1=l+ i
f

Frequency distribution of Mid-test scores of Grade 10 students in Mathematics

Cumulative
Class Interval Frequency (f )
Frequency (cf )
45−49 4 35
40−44 8 31
35−39 9 23
30−34 5 14
25−29 4 9
20−24 1 5
15−19 3 4
10−14 1 1
i=5 n=35

Solve for D 1, D 5 , and D 8.

Solve for D 1

n 35
= =3.5
10 10
D 1 lies in the interval 15 – 19
cfb=1 (cf less than 3.5)
f =3
l=14.5 (15−0.5=14.5 )
i=5

( )
n
−cfb
10
D1=l+ i
f

¿ 14.5+( 3.5−1
3 )
(5)

¿ 14.5+ (
3 )
2.5
(5)

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 ¿ 14.5+ 4.17
¿ 18.67
This value means that 10% of the 35 Grade 10 students scored lower than 18.67. Moreover, 90% scored
higher than 18.67.

Solve for D 5

5 n 5 (35) 175
= = =17.5
10 10 10
D5 lies in the interval 35 – 39
cfb=14 (cf less than 17.5)
f =9
l=34.5 (35−0.5=34.5 )
i=5

( )
5n
−cfb
10
D 5=l+ i
f

¿ 34.5+ ( 17.5−14
9 )(5)
¿ 34.5+ (
3 )
2.5
(5)

¿ 34.5+1.94=36.44
The value of D 5 is 36.44. This is also equal to Q 2 and the median.

8 n 8(35) 280
Solve for D 8 = = =28
10 10 10
D8 lies in the interval 40 – 44
cfb=23 (cf less than 28)
f =8
l=39.5 (40−0.5=39.5)
i=5

( )
n
−cfb
10
D8=l+ i
f

¿ 39.5+ ( 28−23
8 )
(5)

¿ 39.5+ ( )(5)
5
8
¿ 39.5+3.125
¿ 42.125
D8has value 42.125. This value means that 80% of the 35 Grade 10 students scored lower than 42.125.
Moreover, 20% scored higher than 42.125.

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Percentile
The values that divide a set of data arranged in order of magnitude into 100 equal parts are called percentiles.

( )
n
−cfb
100
P1=l+ i
f

Frequency distribution of Mid-test scores of Grade 10 students in Mathematics

Cumulative
Class Interval Frequency (f )
Frequency (cf )
45−49 4 35
40−44 8 31
35−39 9 23
30−34 5 14
25−29 4 9
20−24 1 5
15−19 3 4
10−14 1 1
i=5 n=35

Solve for P30 and P85.

Solve for P30

30 n 30 (35) 1050
= = =10.5
100 100 100
P30 lies in the interval 30 – 34
cfb=9 (cf less than 10.5)
f =5
l=29.5 (30−0.5=29.5 )
i=5

( )
30 n
−cfb
100
P30=l+ i
f

¿ 29.5+( 10.5−9
5 )(5)
¿ 29.5+ (
5 )
1.5
(5)

¿ 29.5+1.5
¿ 31
The value of P30 is 31. This means that that 30% of the 35 Grade 10 students scored lower than 31.
Moreover, 70% scored higher than 31.

Solve for P85

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 85 n 85(35) 2975
= = =29.75
100 100 100
P85 lies in the interval 40 – 44
cfb=23 (cf less than 29.75)
f =8
l=39.5 (40−0.5=39.5)
i=5

( )
85 n
−cfb
100
P85=l+ i
f

¿ 39.5+ ( 29.75−23
8 ) (5)
¿ 39.5+ (
8 )
6.75
(5)

¿ 39.5+ 4.22
¿ 43.72
The value of P85 is 43.72. This means that that 85% of the 35 Grade 10 students scored lower than
43.72. Moreover, 15% scored higher than 43.72.
Diocesan Schools of Abra
St. Mary’s High School of Pidigan, Abra Inc.

MATHEMATICS 10
QUARTER 4- WEEK 3-4

WORKSHEET
Name: __________________________________________
Activity 1: Find Me
Calculate the Q 1, Q 2, and Q 3 for each of the following sets of data.

1. 10, 12, 14, 14, 15, 17

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 2. 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21

Activity 3: Comprehension Check

Tell whether each statement is TRUE or FALSE.
1. Q 1=P25
2. Q 2=median
3. D 1=P10
4. P15=D 2
5. D 5=median
6. Q 3=P75
7. P50=median
8. D 7=P 75
9. Q 2=D 20
10. D 8=P 80Evaluation
Activity 4: Solve Me
The scores of Grade 10 – St. Rose of Lima in the 2nd Mid-Test in Mathematics
a. Complete the frequency table.

Cumulative
Score ¿) Frequency (f )
Frequency (cf )
46 – 50 2
41 – 45 9
36 – 40 13
31 – 35 11
26 – 30 10
21 – 25 5
i=¿ n=¿

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b. Solve for Q 1. Interpret the solved values.

c. Solve for D 9 . Interpret the solved values.

d. Solve for P75. Interpret the solved values.

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