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DifferentiationFormulas Handout

This document provides rules and examples for calculating derivatives of common functions. It lists 16 rules for finding derivatives of basic functions like exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric and inverse trigonometric functions. It then gives 6 examples of using the product rule, chain rule, quotient rule and other rules to calculate derivatives of more complex composite functions.

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71 views2 pages

DifferentiationFormulas Handout

This document provides rules and examples for calculating derivatives of common functions. It lists 16 rules for finding derivatives of basic functions like exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric and inverse trigonometric functions. It then gives 6 examples of using the product rule, chain rule, quotient rule and other rules to calculate derivatives of more complex composite functions.

Uploaded by

yodel23957
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Differentiation Formulas,

Rules, and Examples


Rules Derivatives of Common Functions

Here, k is a constant, and f , g, and h are differen- Here, a is a constant.


tiable functions.
d x
1. [e ] = ex
1. Derivative of a constant: dx
d d 1
[k] = 0 2. [ln x] = , x>0
dx dx x
2. Constant-multiple Rule: d x
d 3. [a ] = (ln a) · ax
[kf (x)] = kf 0 (x) dx
dx
d 1
3. Sum-difference Rule: 4. [loga x] =
dx x ln a
d
[f (x) ± g(x)] = f 0 (x) ± g 0 (x) d
dx 5. [sin x] = cos x
dx
4. Power Rule
d k d
[x ] = kxk−1 6. [cos x] = − sin x
dx dx

5. Product Rule: d
7. [tan x] = sec2 x
d dx
[f (x)g(x)] = f (x)g 0 (x) + f 0 (x)g(x)
dx d
8. [sec x] = sec x tan x
6. Product Rule (three functions): dx
d d
[f (x)g(x)h(x)] = f gh0 + f g 0 h + f 0 gh 9. [csc x] = − csc x cot x
dx dx
7. Quotient Rule: d
10. [cot x] = − csc2 x

d f (x)

f 0 (x)g(x) − g 0 (x)f (x) dx
= 2
dx g(x) (g(x)) d 1
11. [sin−1 x] = √ , |x| < 1
dx 1 − x2
8. Reciprocal Rule:
d

1

g 0 (x) d 1
=− 12. [tan−1 x] =
dx g(x) 2 dx 1 + x2
(g(x))
d 1
9. Chain Rule: 13. [sec−1 x] = √ , |x| > 1
dx |x| x2 − 1
d
[f (g(x))] = f 0 (g(x)) · g 0 (x)
dx d 1
14. [cos−1 x] = − √ , |x| < 1
dx 1 − x2
d 1
15. [cot−1 x] = −
dx 1 + x2
d 1
16. [csc−1 x] = − √ , |x| > 1
dx |x| x2 − 1

The conditions on |x| in (11), (13), (14), and (16)


are so that the values under the square roots are
positive.

1
Differentiation Formulas,
Rules, and Examples

Example 1. Using the Product Rule, we have


d x d d x
[e cos x] = ex [cos x] + [e ] cos x = −ex sin x + ex cos x .
dx dx dx
Example 2. Using the Chain Rule, we have
1
d h −1  x i 1 d hxi 2 2
tan = 2 · = 2 = .
dx 2 x dx 2 x 4 + x2

1+ 2 1+ 4

To obtain the last equality, multiply the numerator and denominator by 4.

Example 3. Using the Product Rule for three functions, we have


d
[xex cos x] = xex (− sin x) + x(ex ) cos x + (1)ex cos x = −xex sin x + xex cos x + ex cos x .
dx
Example 4. We can use the Quotient Rule to get the derivative of tan x as follows:
 
d d sin x (cos x) cos x − (− sin x) sin x
[tan x] = = 2
dx dx cos x (cos x)
cos2 x + sin2 x
=
cos2 x
1
=
cos2 x
= sec2 x .

Example 5. Using the Chain Rule, we compute


 
d h x3 i  x3  d  3 3
e = e x = 3x2 ex .
dx dx
3
Note that the derivative of ex is just ex , so that’s why ex doesn’t appear to change here.

Example 6. Again, using the Chain Rule gives us


d
[cos (ex )] = (− sin (ex )) (ex ) = −ex sin (ex ) .
dx

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