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IC Engines

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Mohd Avesh
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
33 views84 pages

IC Engines

Uploaded by

Mohd Avesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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_o COCO Erne ia a device wtih cmos. one fim of eneppy inf then — Ga fom ee Heat epgines — Hea cee i di whic octane of the Juel_Irio_hearemeyyy_and_subsequenty fhishentomesgy is comvesdecl_ino._mechonical power [sere exyinas. $= Tn TC eyyimes. combustion occass inside the oyinden | SF ___ andthe. potion. dowloped ty the some paaducle of [ss best na | —fhonpes. = Avamobile engines, open cycle gasiuabine. Engine Nemeinclatune $= | TD (Topdend Cenlen) $= Tis the lead comin sshentho piston is —p————-__ftnthest_fhom the crank shaft (Tn case ——|-0f hosizontal engines this clead_conine_ is knoian as jnner ces cones) | ADC C Botlomclend Conine) ?~ Tk isthe dead cevine uhenthe pista ia + aeonest ta the cnank shaft (Tn cose of +— tesizontal_engines this dead centne is known as cden dead cenne) |_Stookeon._sboke bgt “The: ditonse between the tise. dead. canines — f b COCOICGCo mn toe ICE Rag at te The ner_dead.cenine on TDC « = | Mean Pasion speed(©) The piston svens 2b dhe in __ One _nevolution_thenefone if the shaft a than the mean acne classmate pare (ih) [ela] [alo ite] of {pand x ame taken ct 25%. bhen this assumption is qnade them uch ee as fold ain. Syl: | Gon classmate! | cana cg 7 a —_ L Gnar=tner =GGp ‘at pose Maley Peel Toe #Q2a=me.(Te-h) Qs= mty(Ts-Te) Qg = mtu C-T) Peas meen) mty( T3-Ta) a a _ est COC Co Gare 4he_cimpaession_ ato, gnosien is the because —gneien the compnessian’ pau scope. fia. expansion sand hen retina will be mone “themefame fea a a _ ns COICOICTE) [ Mean effective paessume (Pm) t= Risa hypathetical_constant —__________pressune. dusjpg expansion |-tuhich leuelopssame_iwonk cs the aetua!_pyle. — This parameter is used fa ompari Tomvensional Guesions $= at The iimum —prnessume. sind tempenctise in Ho. ond tempartline ot all_peinds ancl alse“riculete- ned sone and ai TS aaa reat ee ~tpgine jond 23%: The heat added. i 4500 Ki)p Delesmine the pnessusse. [casemate V a mace LT] ot COICO CO oy = 0-925 sos “Be va = -| Twit avr! b= "a =aooxtayt TesGe92k | aw" au f= ACwyh i pe he F Jpeo = joes (Tesaps-2) Tas 2972-5 ani Dep eerpear pein lees e eet) ivan by TaxeVT —— Fasteners wae a ~ PN t cad barren ae ‘ classmate Shon thet. the mean efcctive pinessume of Olio pce isgivan by Fro = yy (OED yehene_2P is pressure aise eae WERDCED | cists beat action aa eth) : “ i ee z Vs Sv = fnat Y= Woe Seep i Prev Wa a = JnxG. Wer = DinrQ. Jo (i=) =n (eR) Va : ie Oe) Greve) i = Yee [tre z (et) fat) | anes CB-Te = tra Jl qa [is yp = = sk emacs classmate, vact LL] i Rie = hil? cleesnate, wee TT] fie tance silinay of Diesel ple f= | Gob-OFF netic (ng) $= Tkis defines! os the alia of teuma eften boa pe ears Addition {4 the uohme befime heat addition. constant presswhe proress naa SA Xe a classmate, eee laa, vane CT IEOICL EE) (sen i De) We ft xpnon athe ar fice ayy 5 2 BV mrt = Sa 4a ee Le SEA n= a -1), a {a a d = i= molt) ive TMtpCtaTe) i | nee oul ence sea pe s LA) ey ls es coe (ig a GED See eet 1 [in stondand efi Mficiemy of Diesel eta clepanals ae Grmpnesiln oate(a) }—Sie_cuboff ection (ey eee net] 1 \Treneasé in heat 2 5 Deeeten inane Ben incneases Jastea ton he Toenense in : spin ine i ee ee oe os COC Qs = 1-005 (2029)55- 900-74) [Os= 1284-879 FF ppg. Gs Og = 5569116 KI |-A Diesel cycle openaies.at-a sua of haa the bei af |_mapneesion tnd the volume js.ampnessed 1o_2 th af ‘nial il heat |_js supplied ubtil the. volume jo {nice the cledsamce Nelume. Gileulate % = 2x3-03/T a ee crema Aa wal Ta ws) ig i ae t zd ee t er 03) Ty Gi i "Sie5 “gece +— ae ee 2.621 Lei} i e {yes (20a) = ase ogre 2-646 — “—¥y 19 Ars. = 6-90 iad "nthe sme onpssin_aio-ond he -nejection, | | nome in Oto tyle—and_henceita heen goa ton classmate pe C CEE) ¥ a mene oa iain db md Compression matic is io is 15, the_omount of =6 ng SE =) = mips) =(\" ih ai Ava) ; Pa, Ty = 896-253 x1-599 “ore (woo= ———_—yw=u ea ere RGM incre zag Sean ee oo eet COICO tp a [ \T osmY) o4 ae Gun) mesa vane | ty 2 eg nx (oom) na —— fe Sa me (15 “Th casas lad ies (Te-Te) + mpl TaB) | nS (a _ (RecN RE Kem : | eae (656.523 — 300) a ee (1400- 986-283) + 14 (i367:03-M400) [RE eR tM ae oart (3Te le Ta| [alo Ly 16) — cle = acne Noe a Nerw — me [ap = RLAN sinoke ida F_In_2:sinoke eypine one tycle is completed _jn_oné | the shaft eee ee ae -tyele_is Completed i |4iso_suvelutions oF the shaft. The are the power. = | Stoke s0_stnoks ere engine is ae Be a Tp = PmLANK —> (4-3) ae . t pa : - ' 2x60 | Bake Bwen (BPE The tT pout ashi at the outpat shaft is es fs es pel un = SnNias [Pri fn site nd sme | clascmate \ [sehen Tis iis _on the shaft: | Meehan et gla) = inthe nals of brake p poset the indiewled porter = [Seid psc et spin 860 Reha [ene tp. js ing ha - Fes Fe AE) ya wwe kK (5-1) ko) =GEy) K= k(s-1)=1 =O Sieseeleenen =. ees ips) = B26 Gin v= a (cs L ne zi ae 7p Sea scar FeO Baa Ip = 15350 mg _ Os = T5_ iG SOIT =| Mp: a) ea \g= yoo 290K, _ | Gs 50-529 KT classmate Ve = 9225 ome ese | Ve = 4am" = Vo. a Mp euooxd? m3 m= 4-8 a SSS ae dem than 13-4 fon CHy ‘ail be o_leon mixtune een | 15 EET due 4e the seduction in [Non instanioneaus bunning of fuel (Timeless) The—onking fluid is motCoix but itisemixtune cf cinand five). Vesion A spite heats_tith Jempemettume __ ih inenease Intenpetahse Cp and Gi incneace, this is beewso ot higher emponctumes hoy rountof teat is _mequined fo cus linciion of toms within tht’ meecules. As the dliffememe between Gp ond (is onstunt / cemeases os the Jempenctume lnneasae bemuse of this decrease of [ the temperctune often cmpmessian decnessas ta, this mesults iin the meduction i ktompangiune the peak presse cleemesses rd hance the power culput- alsadeneases and hence jhe effiden = my desnonses Pot clsscrate, =) Thenesses_ = =? Theneases. ee js Sevensible parocess and ite a 4s disiniggation of onbust dissociotion heat is dbsombéd ( indothenmic reaction) and due wank is the diffenence belwean nto This sane 2 Ys ost 1.0) 0-708 Ce = 01218 wv O78 y's 12989 sai ea eo aa a) EE y u cama) hy = 0-643) Ey 2 03x ww i a 1.03 07) ot 0-3313 aay Caren — 1 5s t aaa * fo DI 39108 Gx * | An Otto oyte_hes | {2 ammesion oat of 40 and uses ia asp | a Calon 2000 |__yaoo = KB 3125-328. ~ Deg 033 eae car = qas2eReL Ll fc $9 of cabin paescat i149 fil_ihen coggeh aeminad GaineS ombustion is (236) by. oa 8t 9g ~ Papen ensined Bnd onbtn OF bere | isms o9 is slnendy_paesent.in-thefiel then is nel, sequined jc classmate, ' eee CT ICOICLLO) | 180 [8+ st 4s= 00). Ba — | The chemical fanmula_of fuel is See ape jomedaic gia-fuel_matio_and Ea jhe_paaducts of Galt A Ny TaN ee zi a a Ha 6 ye —> O2- ie => SoJus > - [Baap Egcranes Ferm seo] — a mar 4024 GXDI9-+0- a $ Oot pNe —> Cop MgO, Na eee eaeeeeee Sea ean “Prodorts oF eanbustion ea ts (2 (lo —— 8 (a pee oe sc ect = a kg Er iar semen ee 5 4 _canbon. = Gea ey a it San = he Din art COCCI TT) gigO + O2tNa o; 100 ee eee eee aa a a Fa (oa (oo = 191 Vyigae x00 = 19-0 % iy SS riece a0 00 = Ih63% 7 No = 697 —> _6:93/1006*!00 = 69-28% p08 mile Paste classuate, | Thesssinl P.O wofening EVE Chanmeat cons Casamnnesnri pace CTT : Gi | anne eee, jan (AB) => Chenille Cgyitiontey) nai aaa of combustion (Be) —- ‘of flame _—__ “ie pet sta of mmbusan (CO) > fap ota [ict in he gto sich the ine_siise ia Vohag 2 00095 mi = inde 1 1 a — es esl 1___| Tole vohine_ontspnding toll tyme = _0-0888x9 —-_ ARSE SE oar ‘i ae id U t U ie cas it uci aa aa 125-6 af te ee TM, xCU 74-039x4107 42000 Sarrers A_Sie_oylindes._pelnal engine. openers. cn_foun slooke gycle the bane of each cylindeh is 20mm and sincke is _Joomm the cletmanca Uelume __ per pyledesis_Focc.,.at a speed_of 4000 sipm., the fusl anumpin 8 ee Tan Brune home! ftecpy, CU Wasi ) Relative. eficiensy based. on nate powieh basis. _E)_ i Leas | Ve = 90xi6® =D pf =D, o0m%os so26nib") ms ~—Tan_a- inde fx sack. ene oF g.em_hone and fem Stake | ith ompae: {dpomanieh_tAbi bos Sons _ sae a_ 20min fest Ege ean Miho epgine consemed ox TLIC ssion ratio of 3 —Is_desied_ab_4500 mpm_on_a— BP= QxTx4500 x222-49 a wich “axg8) = 104 Ru KW 4I2-00N cess 7. BBSKI0 3600 14 B46 URRY oreo ame a] = 9888 o.5cag = 5699 ee classmate, pace TT] ap CG = I-16) '5/m2 Sunn Ri Pino] Lc00 aC SS 116) TS a asses aerate ace ar | ppinaen Geneon ino | Cfiet minelune « : Renting Bincpe of sinpl —onebunelos 8 jetice_tohich _psnovicles_hompyeneous ain-_ Sblential_ en Wena aug classmate ‘SI cognts eons pons sma — weaned epg onthe [os chap i fal hate bl changes cin be neal jneafed) a3 cin ‘oben he pe voheneas_in CL Meranaaas classmate, =f te a pay pT By Ad is threat onea and _Caa_is cnt age tsi | Mass of fiel (imp) ¢— fuel con be dneated as incompmessible ite — | Where 2 is nezale tip hei a Ene [Np is vals fat the onfie COCO jon AL igen alias he deny of cin. dexnesies ond hesce fiom te abSte acwatiza fl elena “that is the ttischune becomes ich and henca the ‘dinaubnck oa ats cae it_supplias sich niscwme at biphen icles ‘A. simplecanbudelon has to_suppy 2} of uia_ pen min: the emasphenie -singgtpmessune of 1.013 bor and theHempphaiiac is ok. Calculate the ——-thasat_diametor_of _vertuai lf the cia._vebeity at the throat is_90.m{s and —| Geeffiient_ofvetcity is 0:2- Assume iseninopic fovo ced {neat cin as -Oompmessihle fit ei : ay |_ain pressuht decneases with allitucle os fon the melation 19220 : | deg, (LBS Sh vohene pis in_bah.ishone hisinm-——_¥ see 261k. _ = 3413 : eee 6) | © Steed stole 2 ae ae cesar eee with neagly cased —|tesatile . Lind g ley gi hestietal fees thon dieing fil | thst oe ie Phage. mahi Fidos. idl Cia eet Wi | than atmésphernic. eae pe vee aerate ae | intake valve cpema the pmeasume oliffencntial boineen ombustion |_chambes ancl lirlake manifold _sresutls _in_jeifial_backwand flow of | exhaust gases asa pesitt the miclune of cin ful in.combvstin | Chamtber — is diluted Th.a_sesutls _e_poom_corrustion, it is thenefone, {me wile mane fi neases the © [Ging t= Te exhaust gas dion pacblam_isingpifeab og jee oes ay im is better. fie! emnomy. 20to so! | Serenal A. values ame anound 13 ( >J) ea batten pouch ond. + a the tompehotunes ase lows eeicear ma reso some fe) ee een Jin coach with olden Ee eee ———inorease In donque Siihen thao ie ere rae) atlas Jean _mizetune thenefne ‘sie mbelue. 4s sequined during — ccelemetion . This_mi |-means of _economisen.. |—flbve of cin aind. ah ' [ching aceelenation the liquid duel Joos bebinel ane fis cyfinden JV _} ep zh era e_tnixtune 4 Y _Stowting ~ once syffident 4 sneached cote ic? and Seen ceaae ' 1 ula ica cae ese “LAH#] A venlusi of o Simple exshusetion nas a thmost of mmclonetek ae us — Land fuel_ofice climeter of 212 mm, the fevel of peinel_ siefece in | the float chamhe, js 6 mm belote the thet the coefficient ofetitagre fom venturi is 0-85 and fat of fel omfice is 0-98, the specific ~ {a fpeinel_is_0:49. The imloke_ain ondtons are paessone fo oe a eee (J oeat cna Tacompmessife Thiel. Galette, aatia fon Sa a ia and pebel-tonanpisn in pin aye Goon) CR) su i rg ai Mq = 025x002) Ax120I5xXO-oRKI0y Typ 038 (ooait)” [ax 480 (O-0FKIOs 35Dxae 10% = 12015 Graal 2G A % AD = 205v15% ae 8 [et ips alge A) ig2) [re Sg = i —_Atest on a. diva stroke epyie gine f ee | speed_=350.npm,, baakeloa: Bp» Smesm affective pressure, =Sbot eee "2A iy te 20% sted sullSP demp: at is _20% fempanctiae_is woo", 7 oi. = joke = 28 Cm, bnake | dia_=_J.m, Glovific value of fuel is ras ISin9., propostton of | hycnogen im fuel _is 164, specific heat of chy” exhaust gases is specifi. heat of sfeam = 2.) Latent host of — 2250 K5ix9 , fing — CO) Tnslcnled pues (2) Daa heat Se esa bone sleet Sta ania a Engg sed. ane ar — = att i = ub x 4a Gorrie € 2UXSEOK SES 68 Hage Gax1000 ET ae geal = pe-6 60 s = 80h8 W)rin classmate Sunl_=> 0-185 He 5 ful => Oe ". 0.6 }9fiy, te produces — [2x06 6.9 W/m, steam zg + ante eae a 5 ea Seana 1 to is ost COCCI + | Heat _cranied_by steam = eee t sieum Hi + e PO EsIio) — _loo— 100 —» 100~20 4 “Steam Lafeotheat ta a z Sees + Qsream = 06 (2E)steam tm UH Mee BD 4 = Peg. dt stonmt LH + GPT) wi) 1 C {aan Qoieum = $4 [21 wan 1 2950 2469290) iz t > i — eteag= 225° K5frrim a -_| bn t i. = { | pps gos a t_. Nest spied [Cat 100 2693-2 aa. I ese lp a exert TER t Great a Saerren zpanaa pa \ ____|Tinaeraunied pat Heat Joss = 376°6 Sree (ad : HF | Unaccamed Heal lass includes —modialion crn {bictonal lasses. | means of @_cynamamelet fox-llhich the aw is rave it —|-tthene vis _nake oad jin_M_ and _N_is_speed_in_ 42° the fii 1nost cliameter oF veniusi is 20mm, bone = Joon __| © Bowte jonque G) Brake specifi fel onsumption D Velumeiaic “ees TG) argue of clasemate i ae en ea ss fied od hg WN ____aa006 BP= 660x200 > pP= E.2kn = 20NT ‘20000 60x10 iy = nna ag ap US ie i BSFC= [4958 5 Bskc sos FS 85IK ports — a esha ia aan fee elle ee a z = zi ge Rogen FB. ce 23 a u PePos 19-6 ix 99 X15, 35 133953 Nj? 7 esr p= [R[P-Pe) fe =a] axis 1614 = 182-52 My Migs faAaV2 =) Ma> GfAa\h = 0.6% 11619 X Ty 0:09%)82-52. 4 qs 10%, , 0:0839) _ 0.09941 mi, te Gs 16h “— LT Nepte E ye = DaoiGeo:t2 4 62280 = 21120 eee tT a — | As the fied Is hychocmbin oh _owusiion fhe panducts oF coh of combustion. | ére_cabon dinwicle (Coo), £0, unbont hycthacsnbans (UBHO), ~——|thO_ and onic. ef nitnpgon (NOx). es comma —_}unhatit_hydnacahbons andl osdidles of ai ——|thene is'a_need fo cntnol these aa aa Ahi ofan an formed sshen femperahngs Dre vepy igh. ond is_sufficient_auailabi zat eae allatants| HE mintung is sich Ra) ue do te foal —O2 complete combfcstion| dss not dake place. See (eater prauided . of 2Flex bine to the exhaust namely pal aalfeere *in_erhaust tag a npc aie. aa fic Convertor 5 _Gehigic onseton ons of flatinum, 2, Palladium ee tae ——amel_Rhudiom elomens cmd it canes [a0 nd t0e-, C0 nia 0g and — Noe into_Ny_ and Oy respec. a hae. comb Cnuclure it finst_omperts Nd ink Jando ond this. oxygen libeated) is aoe ‘ania op ote as iFapeR Ree © Be) conversion, eta be ae i It suphusis pent in fiel_cnitic cnvelos omventssulphun— into oxides of _sulphun and this may nesultin_acid_sin _ | fanaust 90s ponies ane ane sahen cesifie Onvertos fie! becmise conve |_¢ nt_He* ynto Gp and MoO cine exothermic reactions. __ i ia | noticed 0. aa sa smoke (eleva thie fic nel ti ste Nae a ae _Graly tie Govt Falladium _— CO i Used in Dilinug —AtC___rvorie urban AEP WP eae z = yo, om Woxcino_HMenn effective pmessume fram ‘MandOe i oh Gd Ave toop- = Oye loop ——___ | 4b Gan Rel anea oT rea AgoamT — Sa = Levan of =o — pete oe ae Xtime ofinjection 12( aj — Fey) be { eas 1 (Goins cc 20 ig (| a enone degmee 360 = 606 Aen. UCU Ven Pl Pege) ff a 2 (1s0-36)x10> meee SI : N216siu mys Pa te Gex sb = 60x25 cascmate, ec “as0 ATS 6o oct DL) _eeC COO a deg m fa = ony mom | zs | The bneke specific fuel consumption of Yestooke_diesel_epgine c is 25 kw i 3 goon patti jhe injection pmessine ts 60 ban Sh er is a ht coefficient of vel edema »_is_0/8mm. fin Wily] yd = G)xAXV EE z = 50x 4 ‘Geox N zi = CynfRChge Pal) i ee ee xis clascmate eee eace DT) vere (OCC) ' 1 ee a fhe 03X85 2.9 8x18 cee ee i B600 x #95 ae a a Ee a ee 1 BS Ve 4 cx os a onan haf _| The cnank_: fama oes jection _penia ieee ese nenes ee Oncy nyt ld — density of Ee Ole seeraeaenetcs 85 C4de /sec. = an Velen = = Epes = “Duy = 65x 248 Dyk AG 5! faz0-809 thal iav5 + er = ne oe 2 (o)x10> a t 365-44 Shik Fels” a ge Wr ae — Reding = Lanes git ninsshacte oman 7 Olefins > LaMar — Six in_uunsthenated Oompounds ____Naphthene =? Cn tan. itin_satunates)_onposeds Aromatics —> CrHan-¢— Cyclic. chain unsetuacted Ompaunds C — | Dlefins fmm gem a see anaes o9a9 nd hema thoin_paent—— es ae aaa alae sg nat sais | Rains Eas 3089 = 0.91093 ‘3aun earner een = pyider_, gasiooke pelnol ergine_tsith 2 hone of 120 mm dnd | sincke “of 200 mm__i#as supplies with petno) @ of @mpasition 22% | [of _cambon., 80% began mass oo 2 | was, (02 - = JO, > B85) 1.99% oem geen sthiachiometaic_ain- fel patio ond % athe fpeose soit] a classmate of C 0-164 Fy of Cop aure 9 ofc 3 ig oft. igor ea ee ae peierac eae 2 Kg ofc a fama fuel is iano = Spear 0.92 _ fl 1929_kq of exbausl gas Scie py Ns Me “0-04486 iS of fuel By of exhwist ge aa 34 = 182) 1g ofsia - SF ¥9 fuel a — Z 1536 dere mee CLD) ot ose COTO tre | A 6-1 Bren ee eet aaa ond_stst¢ke of 200 mm its supplied _wsi -Compasilian Ce is ewolto 22%, Ha= 184 by mss, the it volume wase Cog = 11-245 Oa = mass_of cin__Supplied pen ke of fiel_at 19% and Jb the conditions fon mixin entering the ___|the _uelumetmic. _effienuy of the engie based om inlske Conditions — al per Fin ac the engine cers elone— ——_|speed_seas_J400 npr. The fie! is_ opty (eae ee pio caine the. effect Toft. lvoponn is _3 4 = loo 0:289K290 clasemate ees el el Coo —> O12 —> O2x4y = 4.925 59 fi a ES co i - No —> 0-852 —5 0-9592xX27= 25856 19 29.936 4.928 O-1646 kB 936 = ‘ Is 2k pehaust Jas 4% of 605 | of exheushoas oa ee pores Es Sie gce eel i b a. Seria ee m0 sea Lars 2h 95 su -s, 5 ed fe car lo 19015 © xia ag Fx (0: co 82} 51x 000) gag XE bs me ay ios (ie - fi - A

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