Wire
Joined Wire
Connecter of electric current
Connected crossing.
that connects to another
This is represented by drawing “blobs”
on the point where they are shorted
Un-joined Wire Cell
Wires are not connected. Generates constant voltage.
This can only be shown by bridging wires The smaller terminal is negative
or by drawing them without blobs and the larger one is positive
Battery Dc Supply
Generates constant voltage, Used as DC power supply.
Abbreviated as “B” The current will always flow
in one direction
Fuse
Ac Supply
Used in circuits where a probability
Used as AC power supply. of excessive current flows.
The current will keep The fuse will break the circuit if excessive
alternating direction current flows and
saves the other devices from damage
Transformer
Used as an AC power supply. Earth Ground
Comprises of the primary and
secondary coils, that are Used for zero potential reference
connected by an iron core. and electrical shock protection
There is no physical connection
between the two coils.
Abbreviated as “T”
Chassis Ground Common Ground
Connected to the chassis of circuit Most ordinary type of ground
Fixed Resistor Rhestat/
Variable Resistor
Limits the amount of current
flow through a wire or load Adjustable resistor that
has 2 terminals
Trimmer/
Potentiometer Preset Resistor
Adjustable resistor that Presets are low cast variables
has 3 terminals resistors that are used to control
the charge flow with the help
of a screwdriver
Thermistor Capacitor
Thermal resistor. Used to store electric charge.
It changes its resistance value when Considered as an open circuit
temperature changes with DC and short circuit with AC
Polarized Capacitor Variable Capacitor
Electrolytic Capacitor Adjustable capacitance
Diode Light Emitting Diode
Permits the flow of current form Transmits light as current passes
the left (anode) to right (anode)
direction only
Zeaner Diode Photo Diode
Has only one direction of current flow, Permits flow and current
but reverse directions when when it is exposed tolight
breakdown voltage is reached
Tunnel Diode NPN Transistors
Known for its high speed operation Permits flow of current when
due to its application in the base has high potential
quantum mechanical effects
PNP Transistor Junction Field Transistor
Allows current flow when N-Channel field effect transistor
low potential of base (middle)
P-Channel Transistor Voltmeter
P-channel field effect transistor Measures voltage.
Has very high resistance.
Connected in parallel.
Ammeter Ohmmeter
Measures electric current Measures resistance
has near zero resistance.
Connected in series
SPST
Galvanometer (Single Pole Switch Toggle Switch)
Measures very small current in the Also known as ON/OFF switch
order of 1 milli amphere or less Permits current flow only when its on
SPDT
(Single Pole Double Throw) Pushbutton Switch
(N.O)
Also known as the 2-way switch.
Causes the flow the current in two Momentary switch normally open
directions , depending on its position
DPST
Pushbutton Switch (Double Pole Single Throw Switch)
(N.C)
Also called as a dual ON-OFF Switch
Momentary switch open Isolates between the line neural
---normally closed connections in the main electrical line
DPDT AND Gate
(Double Pole Double Toggle Switch)
Has a high outputs
Uses a central OFF position is when the inputs are high.
applied as reversing switch for motors Has low outputs
when the inputsare low.
NAND Gate OR Gate
Has low output Has high output when
when all inputs are high. one of the inputs is high.
Has high output Has low output
if any one input is low When both inputs are low
NOR Gate EX-OR Gate
Has low output if Has high output
both inputs are low. when inputs are different.
Has high output Has low output when both inputs
for other cases are either high or low
EX-NOR Gate NOT Gate
Has high output when Has only one input
both inputs are either high or low. Has high output when input is low
Has low output Has low output when the input is high
when inputs are different
Lighting Lamp Indicator Lamp
Provides light as the output Coverts electrical energy into light
Heater Inductor
Changes electrical energy into heat Produces a magnetic field
where a certain currents
passed through a coil of wire
Motor Bell
Converts electrical energy Produces a sound as the output.
into mechanical energy According to the electrical energy
produces as the output
Buzzer Microphone
Produces an output sound Converts sound to its
corresponding to the corresponding electrical energy.
electrical energy in the input Abbreviated as “M”
Earphone Loudspeaker
Reverses the process of microphone Does the same operation as an earphone,
and electrical energy into sound but converts an amplified version of the
electrical energy into sound
Amplifier
Used to amplify a signal
